Comparison of Two Urban Governance Theories and Institutional Resilience in Urban Management System Using Content Analysis and Presentation of Upgraded Model (Case Study: Qazvin City)
Subject Areas : Urban and Regional Planning StudiesDaryoush Ardalan 1 , zohreh davoudpour 2 , keramatolah ziari 3
1 - PhD Candidate, Dep. of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Dep. of Architecture and Urban Planning, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3 - Professor, Dep. of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Qazvin, urban management, crisis management, urban governance, institutional resilience,
Abstract :
Challenges in the urban management system have led to the emergence of different theories in this regard, each of which attempts to suggest a suitable model by taking into account a series of variables and criteria. The 1970s was a turning point in the theorizing. Among these, one can mention two urban governance and urban resilience theories. Almost both theories were raised at one time, but several decades of time were needed to develop by the experts, until take a more complete form. Each of these theories will try to provide appropriate solutions to the challenges of urban management and to come up with a suitable model in this regard. The purpose of this study is to identify effective variables and criteria in these two theories and compare them with each other in order to better understand the subject and provide a more efficient model for urban management in Qazvin.In this research, content analysis methodology has been used, Recent researches on resilience and governance has been investigated, and greater recognition is made, using the differences existing therein. In this way, a comprehensive and transparent picture of the subject is obtained. To come Based on the findings of the present study, institutional resilience with a wider view of the influential factors in urban management has looked, to the variables that are involved in promoting the efficiency and function of this system.
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Afshar, S., Athari, K., Kazemian, G., & Mahdizadeh, J. (2007). Urban governance, theoretical foundations of its formation in Iran, Urban Query, 19, 8-17. (in persian)
Akbari, Sh., & Babadi, M. H. (2015). Developing a sustainable model for sustainable development of local communities in the management of the natural disaster. Paper presented at second national conference on new horizons in empowering and sustainable development of tourism architecture and urban and rural environment (Iran), Hamedan (pp. 1-11) Shahid Mofteh College. (in persian)
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Asadi, I. (2004). The regionalization strategy of the metropolitan areas, Urban and Rural Management, 17, 32-45. (in persian)
Atkinson, R. (1998). The new urban governance and urban regeneration: managing community participation. Paper presented at cities in the XXIst century: cities and metropolis: Breaking or Bridging? (France( La Rochelle, organised by the French Ministry of public works.
Barakpour, N., & Asadi, I. (2011). Urban Management and Management. Art university press, second edition. (in persian)
Barzegari, Sh. K. M. R., & Ahmadmohazam, A. (2014). Study of vulnerability of urban environments against fire based on resilient city approach. Paper presented at fifth international conference on integrated management of natural disasters (Iran) Tehran (pp. 1-13) Permanent secretariat of the comprehensive crisis management conference. (in persian)
Batica, J., & Gourbesville, Ph. (2016). Resilience in flood risk management - a new communication tool. Procedia Engineering, 154: 811 – 817.
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Behtash, M. R. F., Keynezhad, M. A., Pirbabaey, M. T., & Aghababaey, M. T. (2014). Improvement of resilience of Tabriz metropolis with implementation of incident management and command system model. Paper presented at fifth international conference on integrated management of natural disasters (Iran), Tehran, Permanent secretariat of the comprehensive crisis management conference. (in persian)
Bodoque, J.M., Amerigo, M., Herrero, A.D., Garcia, J.A., Cortes, B., Canovas, J. A. B., & Olcina, J. (2016). Improvement of resilience of urban areas by integrating social perception in flash-flood risk management. Hydrology, 541,665-676.
Chenari, Sh., & Poshtrodi, H. D., (2016). Urban resilience and professional ethics in Iran. Paper presented at international conference on management and dynamic economics (Malaysia), Penang University, USM (pp. 1-8), Iran new educational development center. (in persian)
City and municipality laws and regulations (2016). The national system of laws and regulations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Retrieved 2020, June.17 from http://qavanin.ir/Law/TreeText/83412. (in persian)
Crowe, P.R., Foley, K., & Collier, M. (2016). Operationalizing urban resilience through a framework for adaptive co-management and design: Five experiments in urban planning practice and policy. Environmental Science & Policy, 62: 112-119.
Díaz, P., Sanek, P., Farntzeshaki, N., & Yeh, D. H., (2016). Shifting paradigms, changing waters: Transitioning to integratedurban water management in the coastal city of Dunedin, USA. Sustainable Cities and Society, 26: 555-567.
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Esmaelzadeh, H., & sarafi, M. (2006). Good governance: Good planning for the metro project in Tehran, Space, 10:1-28. (in persian)
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Fatahian, S. A. (2016). Strategies to promote seismic crisis management in the 20th district of Tehran. Crisis Prevention and Management, 6: 71-77. (in persian)
Gholami, F., Gholami, M., & Zamani, B. (2015). Evaluation of the resilience of Tehran's four-way telephony with the hierarchical analysis method. Paper presented at the International conference on research in science and technology (Malaysia), Kualalumpur (pp. 1-18) Karin Conference institute. (in persian)
Gimenez, R., Hernantes, J., & Labaka, L. (2016). A maturity model for the involvement of stakeholders in the city resilience building process. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 121: 7-16.
Greeshma, P., & Kumar, K. M. (2016). Disaster Resilience in Vulnerable cities through Neighborhood development: a case of Chennai. Procedia Technology, 24:1827-1834.
Ho, C. H., Chen, J. L., Nobuyuki, Y, Lur, H. S., & Lu, H. J. (2016). Mitigating uncertainty and enhancing resilience to climate change in the fisheries sector in Taiwan: Policy implications for food security. Ocean & Coastal Management,130, 355-372.
Hung, H. Ch. (2016). Building resilience: mainstreaming community participation into integrated assessment of resilience to climatic hazards in metropolitan land use management. Land use Policy, 50: 48-58.
Jafari, M. (2015). Challenges for disaster risk reduction and resilience. Paper presented at the sixth international conference on the integrated management of natural disasters (Iran), Mashhad (pp. 1-8) Permanent secretariat of the international conference on comprehensive crisis management. (in persian)
Kahani, M. M., Ghazi, I., & Nezhadakbari, Z. (2015). Resilience and flexibility of cities against natural disasters in Iran. Paper presented at 3.th international congress on civil engineering and architecture urban development (Iran), Tehran (pp. 1-11) Shahid Beheshti University. (in persian)
Kajori, M. K., & bigdeli, M. (2014). A comparative study of urban development laws and programs with good governing principles, case Study: Tehran urban development plans. Urban Studies,3: 39-51. (in persian)
Karaos, A. M. (1997). Existing and alternative models of urban governance, UMP- Asia occasional papers, Retrieved 2019, Feb.18 from www.Findarticles.com.
Kazemi, D., & Andalib, A. (2015). Developing a framework for modeling the city's resilience against crisis. Paper presented at 1st international conference on human, architecture, civil Engineering and City (Iran), Tabriz (pp. 1-13) Center for strategic studies in architecture and urban planning. (in persian)
Kazemian, G (2007). Income on urban governance. Urban query; 19-20: 5-16. (in persian)
khanzadeh, H. E. (2012). Governance and Administration of City Affairs in the Age of Globalization. First volume,Tehran: Tisa Publications. (in persian)
Li, Y. (2016). Threshold and resilience management of coupled urbanization and water environmental system in the rapidly changing coastal region. Environmental Pollution, 208 :87-95.
Mc Laughlin, B. (1973). Control and Urban Planning, London. Faber and Faber.
Mckinlay, P. (1999). Globalization, subsidiarity and enabling the governance of our communities. Retrieved 2019, Feb.18 from www.mdl.co.nz .
Meerow, S., Newell, J. P., & Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147: 38-49.
Meshkini, A., Pourmosavi, M., & Moazen, S. (2013). Assessment of neighborhood management pattern based on desirable urban governance indicators; Case study: Evin district of Tehran. Urban Studies, 2: 32-44. (in persian)
Ministry of Housing and Urban Development (1987). Qazvin comprehensive plan; Sharmand Consulting Engineers. (in persian)
Movahed, A., Kafroudi, S. G., Kamanroudi, M., & Sasanpour, F. (2014). Investigating the development of urban neighborhoods with an emphasis on good urban governance, case study: district 19 of Tehran municipality. Urban Planning ; 7: 147-180. (in persian)
Municipality of Qazvin (2018). Geographic Map; 12saterday, www.qazvin.ir/geographical-area . (in persian)
Naraghi, H., & Gamini, H. (2014). Public participation, resilience of local communities. Paper presented at fifth international conference on integrated management of natural disasters (Iran) Tehran, Permanent secretariat of the comprehensive crisis management conference. (in persian)
Organizational Structure of Qazvin Municipality (2017). Organization of municipalities and Villages, Tehran, Renovation office, Administrative Transformation and Information Technology (in persian)
Pasman, H., & Kirillov, I. (2007). Resilience of Cities to Terrorist and Other Threats. Springer, Dordrecht.
Pi yer, J., & Gai, P. (2007). Types of theoretical approaches to governance. Translated by Mohammad Taghizadeh Motlagh, Urban Query; 19-20: 48-55.
Poursamakoush, J. M., Lesboey, M. R. Z., Entezari, A., & Zolfaghari, A. A. (2015). Rural management performance in aligning rural settlements against natural disasters from the viewpoint of villagers. Paper presented at second international conference on sustainable development, solutions and challenges focusing on agriculture, natural Rresources, environment and tourism (Iran), Tabriz (pp. 1-9) Permanent secretariat of the international conference on sustainable development, strategies and challenges. (in persian)
Poursharifi, J., & Ghalenoei, M.(2014). Resilience city is a positive approach in reducing the vulnerability of cities to natural and man-made hazards. Paper presented at the National Conference on Modern Theories in Architecture and Urban Planning (Iran), Qazvin (pp. 1-12) Islamic Azad University. (in persian)
Rafieian, M., Matof, Sh., & Naghshizadian, S. (2011). Resilient community component measures in the urban crisis management process. Sofe, 55:111-124. (in persian)
Rahnamaei, M., & Keshavarz, M. (2010). A study of the good governing pattern and the structure of the government in the management and administration of city affairs in Iran. Geography Quarterly and Regional Planning, 1: 23-55. (in persian)
Ramezani, N., & Dehkordi, A. E. (2013) Sustainable urban development involves promoting community resilience. Paper presented at first international conference and 4th national conference on urban development (Iran), Sanandaj, (pp. 1-10), Islamic Azad University. (in persian)
Sanchez, A. X., Osmond, P., & Heijden, J. V. (2017). are some forms of resilience more sustainable than others. Procedia Engineering, 180, 881 – 889.
Saraey, M., & Manafi, S. (2016). Integrated crisis management with emphasis on the safety of vital arteries in Tehran; , Crisis Prevention and Management, 6:120-132 . (in persian)
Sarafi, M., & Toranian, F. (2004) A review of the theoretical views of metropolitan management, with an emphasis on institutional aspects. Urban Management; 17:6-17. (in persian)
Sarafi, M. (2008). Organizing informal settlements of the country in the light of good urban governance. Seventh City; 23: 3-14. (in persian)
Shahabi, M., jelodar, H. R., & Araey, P. A. (2015). Compilation of the resiliency pattern of the context of the old texture. Paper presented at the second scientific conference on modern horizons in geography (Iran), Tehran (pp.1-9) Association for the development and promotion of fundamental science and technology. (in persian)
Shamaei, A., Adinevand, A., & Hajizadeh, M. (2012). Evaluation of municipal performance based on good urban governance, case study city of Pashoz. Urban Management Studies; 11: 1-20. (in persian)
Shaw, R., Rahman, A. U., Surjan. A., & Parvin, A. G., (2016). Urban Disasters and Resilience in Asia. Batterworth: Heinemann.
Shokouhi, M., & Istagaldi, M.(2013). Analytical review of good governance factors, case study: turkmen port city. Geographical Studies in Arid Regions, 14: 31-49. (in persian)
Soheilipour, M. S., & Montazerolhojah, M. (2011). Resilient city an approach based on urban vulnerability reduction. Paper presented at national conference on crisis management (Iran), Tehran (pp. 1-7), Crisis management organization. (in persian)
Spaans, M., & Waterhout, B. (2016). Building up resilience in cities worldwide – Rotterdam as participant in the 100 Resilient Cities Programme. Cities, 61: 109-116.
Srinivas, H. (1996). Urban environmental governance. Retrieved 2015, Aug.10 from www.soc.titech.ac.jp .
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