تأثیر پودر نعناع فلفلی بر عملکرد، دمای بدن و مشخصات لاشه جوجه‌های گوشتی تحت تنش گرمایی

Subject Areas : Camel

س.  عرب عامری ¹ (Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran)
ف.  صمدی ² (Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran)
ب.  دستار ³ (Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran)
س.  زره داران ⁴ (Department of Animal Science, University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran)

Received: 2016-04-12 Accepted : 2016-07-15 Published : 2016-12-01

Keywords: عملکرد, تنش گرمایی, نعناع فلفلی, جوجه, ویژگی لاشه,

Abstract :

این آزمایش به منظور بررسی سطوح مختلف پودر نعناع فلفلی بر ضریب تبدیل غذایی، وزن بدن، مصرف خوراک و درجه حرارت بدن و وزن قسمت­های مختلف لاشه ( سینه و ران) و وزن اندام­های داخلی (کبد، قلب، سنگدان) در جوجه­های گوشتی انجام گرفت. تعداد 192 قطعه جوجه به طور تصادفی به 4 تیمار غذایی با 4 تکرار (­12 جوجه در هر پن) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اختصاص داده شد. جیره­های آزمایشی شامل: (1) جیره پایه (شاهد)­؛ (2) جیره پایه + 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی؛ (3) جیره پایه + 2 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی؛ و (4) جیره پایه + 300 میلی گرم ویتامین  E به ازای هر کیلوگرم جیره بودند. جهت اعمال تنش گرمایی، دمای سالن از روز 35 تا 42 پرورش، روزانه به مدت 8 ساعت در دمای 34 درجه سانتی­گراد تنظیم گردید. نتایج نشان داد مکمل کردن جیره با نعناع فلفلی در تمام سطوح سبب معنی­داری ضریب تبدیل غذایی در سن 21 روزگی و وزن بدن در 42 روزگی می­شود (05/0>P). جوجه­های تیمار شده با جیره پایه مکمل شده با ویتامین E و جیره پایه به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین ضریب تبدیل را در مقایسه با جوجه­های تیمار شده با 1 و 2 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی در 21 روزگی نشان دادند. تنش گرمایی سبب کاهش وزن و خوراک مصرفی در جوجه­های گوشتی می­گردد. و در طی تنش گرمایی، نعناع فلفلی سبب کاهش دمای بدن و جیره پایه سبب افزایش دمای بدن شد (05/0>P). در نتیجه جوجه­های دریافت کننده 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی کمترین دمای بدن را نشان دادند. تفاوت معنی­داری بین تیمارهای آزمایشی در سن 35 روزگی در وزن لاشه، سینه و ران مشاهده شد همچنین تفاوت معنی­داری در وزن سینه، سنگدان و کبد در 42 روزگی در گروه­های آزمایشی رویت گردید (05/0>P). مشاهده شد که جوجه­های تغذیه شده با جیره پایه مکمل شده با ویتامین E بیشترین وزن لاشه را در 35 روزگی از گروه شاهد داشتند. هم چنین رویت شد پرندگان تغذیه شده با 1 درصد پودر نعناع فلفلی بیشترین وزن سنگدان را در 35 روزگی داشتند. به طور کلی، این مطالعه نشان داد که پودر نعناع فلفلی به عنوان آنتی­اکسیدان طبیعی دارای اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد رشد جوجه، درجه حرارت بدن، لاشه و وزن اندام داخلی داشت اما به تحقیقات بیشتری نیاز است.

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