عملکرد تولید‌مثلی گاوهای آمیخته هلشتاین فریزین × آرسی و هلشتاین فریزین × بوران

Subject Areas : Camel

T. Wassie ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia)
G. Mekuriaw ² (International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
Z. Mekuriaw ³ (International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Regional Expert, Lievs Project, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia)

Received: 2014-03-07 Accepted : 2014-06-30 Published : 2015-03-01

Keywords: آرسی, بوران, گاوهای آمیخته, عملکرد تولید‌مثل,

Abstract :

این مطالعه به منظور ارزیابی عملکرد تولیدمثلی گاوهای آمیخته هلشتاین فریزین × آرسی و هلشتاین فریزین × بوران در گاوداری کالج ATVET آگرافا صورت گرفته است. برای این مطالعه، از رکوردهای سال­های 1983 تا 2012 در گاوداری آگرافا به ­عنوان داده­های اصلی استفاده شد. اثرات نژاد، خطوط خونی، فصل و شکم زایش بر صفات تولیدمثلی ارزیابی گردیدند. داده­ها با استفاده از مدل عمومی برنامه SAS آنالیز شدند. مقادیر SE± میانگین کلی برای سن نخستین جفتگیری (AFS)، سن نخستین زایش (AFC)، روزهای باز (DO)، فاصله زایش (CI)، تعداد جفتگیری به ازای هر آبستنی (NSPC)، بازدهی اصلاحی (BE) و طول عمر به­ ترتیب برابر با 57/0 ± 05/32 ماه، 56/0 ± 16/41 ماه، 42/3 ± 62/194 روز، 44/3 ± 92/475 روز، 03/0 ± 35/1 سرویس، 01/0 ± 67/68 درصد و 25/0 ± 77/7 سال می­باشند. اثر نژاد بر AFS و AFC معنی‌دار بود (05/0P<). اثر خطوط خونی، فصل و شکم زایش بر DO و CI معنی‌دار بود (01/0P<). اثر نژاد، خطوط خونی، فصل و شکم زایش بر بازدهی اصلاحی معنی­دار بود (01/0P<). اثر فصل تلقیح بر NSPC معنی­دار بود (01/0P<). طول عمر تنها تحت تأثیر خطوط خونی قرار می­گرفت. به طور کلی عملکردهای تولیدمثلی در این مطالعه، کمتر از عملکردهای گزارش شده در اکثر مناطق حاره­ای است. بنابراین بایستی بر روی مدیریت گوساله­ها و تلیسه­ها، تشخیص فحلی، صحت تلقیح مصنوعی، خوراک‌دهی و مراقبت­های بهداشتی دقت لازم صورت گیرد.

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Alberro M. and Haile-Mariam Solomon. (1982). The indigenous cattle of Ethiopia. World Anim. Rev. 41, 2-10.
Amene F., Tesfu K. and Kelay B. (2011). Study on reproductive performance of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows at Alage dairy farm, rift valley of Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 43, 581-586.
Belay D., Yisehak K. and Janssens G.P.J. (2012). Productive and reproductive performance of zebu × Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows in Jimma town, Oromia, Ethiopia. Glob. Vet. 8(1), 67-72.
Berhanu Y., Fikre L. and Gebeyehu G. (2011). Calf survival and reproductive performance of Holstein-Friesian cows in central Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 43, 359-365.
Chenyambuga S.W. and Mseleko K.F. (2009). Reproductive and lactation performances of Ayrshire and Boran crossbred cattle kept in smallholder farms in Mufindi district, Tanzania. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/7/chen21100.htm.aAccessed Nov. 2012.
Demeke S., Neser F.W.C. and Schoeman S.J. (2004). Estimates of genetic parameters for Boran, Friesian and crosses of Friesian and Jersey with the Boran cattle in the tropical highlands of Ethiopia: reproduction traits. J. Anim. Breed. Gene. 121, 57-65.
Emebet M. and Zeleke M. (2007). Reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows in Eastern lowlands of Ethiopia. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd19/11/mure19161.htm. Accessed Dec. 2012.
FAO. (2004). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation. Livestock Sector Brief Ethiopia.
Gebeyehu G., Kelay B. and Abebe B. (2007). Effect of parity, season and year on reproductive performance and herd life of Friesian cows at Stella private dairy farm, Ethiopia. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd19/7/gosh19098.htm. Accessed Aug. 2013.
Getinet M., Workneh A. and Hegde P.B. (2009). Growth and reproductive performance of Ogaden cattle at Haramaya University, Ethiopia. Ethiopian J. Anim. Prod. 9(1), 13-38.
Goshu G. (2005). Breeding efficiency, lifetime lactation and calving performance of Friesian-Boran crossbred cows at Cheffa farm, Ethiopia. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd17/7/gosh17073.htm. Accessed Aug. 2013.
Habtamu L., Kelay B. and Dessie Sheferaw D. (2010). Study on the reproductive performance of Jersey cows at Wolaita Sodo dairy farm, southern Ethiopia. Ethiopian Vet. J. 4(1), 53-70.
Hammoud M.H., Zarkouny S.Z. and Oudah E.Z.M. (2010). Effect of sire, age at first calving, season and year of calving and parity on reproductive performance of Friesian cows under semiarid conditions in Egypt. Arch. Zootech. 13, 60-82.
Kefena E., Hegde B.P. and Tesfaye K. (2006). Lifetime production and reproduction performances of Bos taurus × Bosindicus crossbred cows in the central Highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiopian J. Anim. Prod. 6(2), 37-52.
Kiwuwa G.H.J., Trail C.M., Kurtu M., Worku Y.G., Anderson F.M. and Urkin J.D. (1983). Cross bred dairy cattle productivity in Arsi region, Ethiopia. Int. Livest. Center Africa. Res. 11, 1-29.
Melaku M., Zeleke M., Getinet M. and Mengistie T. (2011). Reproductive performances of fogera cattle at metekel cattle breeding and multiplication ranch, north west Ethiopia. J. Anim. Feed Res. 1(3), 99-106.
Mensah G.A. and Okeyo A.M. (2006).Continued harvest of the diverse African animal genetic resources from the wild through domestication as a strategy for sustainable use: a case of the larger Grasscutter (Thryonomysswinderianus). Pp. 42-56 in Animal Genetics Training Resource. J.M. Ojango, B. Malmfors and A.M. Okeyo, Eds. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Million T., Tadelle D., Gifawesen T., Tamirate D. and Yohanis G. (2006). Study on age at first calving, calving interval and breeding efficiency of Bos taurus, Bos indicus and their crosses in the Highlands of Ethiopia. Ethiopian J. Anim. Prod. 6(2), 1-16.
Mulindwa H.E., Ssewannyana E. and Kifaro G.C. (2006). Extracted milk yield and reproductive performance of Teso cattle and their crosses with Sahiwal and Boran at Serere, Uganda. Uganda Agric. Sci. 12(2), 36-45.
Nibret M. (2012). Study on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows under Small holder conditions in and around Gondar, north western Ethiopia. J. Rep. Infertil. 3(3), 38-41.
NMSA. (2010). National Meterological Service Agency. Meterological data, Bale robe, Ethiopia.
Nuraddis I.E. (2011). Estimation of genetic and non-genetic parameters of Friesian cattle under hot climate. J. Agric. Sci. 4, 4-12.
SAS Institute. (2004). SAS^®/STAT Software, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Shiferaw Y., Tenhagen B.A., Bekana M. and Kassa T. (2003). Reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows in different production system in centeral highland Ethiopia. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 35(6), 551-561.
Tadesse M., Thiengtham M.J., Pinyopummin A. and Prasanpanich S. (2010). Productive and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian dairy cows in Ethiopia. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd22/2/tade22034.htm. Accessed Nov. 2012.
Yifat D., Kelay B., Bekana M., Lobago F., Gustafsson H. and Kindahl H. (2009). Study on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cattle under smallholder conditions in and around Zeway, Ethiopia. Available at: http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd21/6/denb2188.htm. Accessed Dec. 2012.