Subject Areas :

سمیرا قیاسی ¹ , بهناز امین نیری ² , ساسان بداقلو ³ , حسن حسینی امینی ⁴

1 - استادیار مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده فنی ومهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی، تهران، ایران و مربی پدافند غیرعامل
3 - کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
4 - مدرس دانشگاه، مربی پدافند غیر عامل و دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی، تهران، ایران

Received: 2018-01-22 Accepted : 2018-01-22 Published : 2017-12-22

Keywords:

References:

Reference

Abhari, Maryam. (2009). Military Crisis Management, [In Persian], Tehran: University of Malek Ashtar Publications.

Abolhasani, Abdollah. (2005). Passive Defense J. 4- Architecture and Urban Design in Iran, [In Persian], Tehran: Assistant of Defense Department of Khatam Alanya Air Defense Base Publications.

Ahmad Louei, Mohammad Hossein. (2010). Passive Defense in Modern Wars, [In Persian], Tehran: Farabi University Publications.

Akbari, Abbas. (2005). Passive Defense, Introduction to Principles and Considerations, [In Persian], Tehran: Assistant of Defense Department of Khatam Alanya Air Defense Base Publications.

Air Passive Defense of Khatam Al Anbia. (2004). Passive Defense, [In Persian], Tehran: Assistant of Air Passive Defense of Khatam Al Anbia.

Bagh Andishe Consulting Engineer, (2004), Detailed Design (Improvement Plan) of Old Texture of Bushehr, [In Persian], Bushehr: Housing and Urban Development Office of Bushehr Province.

Bornafar, Mahdi. Afradi, Kazem. (2014). Prioritizing critical, and Important Centers of Bandar-e-Anzali and Providing Defensive Solutions from the Point of View of Passive defense,, [In Persian], Applied Research Journal of Geography, 32: 161- 179.

Building and Housing Research Center. (2009). Twenty-first National Building Regulations, [In Persian], Tehran: Iranian engineering organization.

Col, J. W. (2002). A Study of Clauswitz Concept of the Military Center of Gravity.

Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar. (1972). Dehkhoda Dictionary, [In Persian], Tehran: Tehran university Publications.

Esmaeli Shahdokht, Moslem. (2010). Urban Meeting with Passive defense approach (case study: Birjand city), Master's thesis, Department of Geography, [In Persian], Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University.

Etemad, Soltan. (1992). Urbanism and the defense of New Urban Cities of Urbanization, [In Persian], Tehran: Proceedings of the New Urban Development company.

Fisher, A. (1989). Current and Recurrent challenges in HRM, Journal of Management, 15 (2): 157-180.

Ghafourian, Mitra, Hesari, Elham, Pey Sokhan, Mina. (2016). Privacy in Traditional Houses of Bushehr, [In Persian], Ghazvin: Jahad Daneshgahi Publications.

Haji, Ebrahim, Zargar, Akbar, Mesgari Houshyar, Sara. (2007). Passive Defense in Architecture a Way in Accident Prevention Risk Management, [In Persian], The 3rd International Conference on Disaster Management: 1-13.

Hosseini Amini, Hassan, Parizadi, Taher. (2010). Conceptual Concepts in Passive Defense with Emphasis on City and District, [In Persian], Tehran: Kohanpars Andisheh Institute.

Kamran, Hassn. (2011). Using of Inner Urban Natural Environment to Protect Urban Facilities and Equipment with Passive Defense Approach (Case Study Sanandaj), [In Persian], National Conference on Nature, Architecture and City, Semnan: Islamic Azad University.

Kamran, Hassan. Hosseini Amini, Hassan, Parizadi, Taher. (2011). Analysis of Shahriar City Structures and Passive Defense Strategies, [In Persian], Geography Quarterly, 30: 23- 47.

Karbasian, Mehdi, Salami, Ahmad, Taleb, Yasin. (2013). An Introduction to Locating Based on Passive Defense Considerations, [In Persian], Najaf Abad: Najaf Abad University Press.

Kummer, R. E., Kummer, R. B. (1973). Shelter Design Data: U.S.A: Department of Defense, office of Defense.

Movahedi Nia, Jafar. (2007). Fundamentals of Passive Defense, [In Persian], Tehran: University of Malek ashter Publications.

Movahedi Nia, jafar. (2004). Passive defense, [In Persian], Tehran: Dafous Publications.

Nabati, Ezat Allah. (2007). Passive Defensive, [In Persian], Tehran: Sepahbod Sayyad Shirazi Center of education and Research Publications.

National Geosciences Database. (2016). www.ngdir.ir/PDefault.asp.

Parizadi, Taher, Hosseini Amini, Hassan, Shahriari, Mehdi. (2010). Analysis of Passive Defense Measures in Saqez City in an Analytical Approach, [In Persian], Urban Management Quarterly, 26: 17- 34.

Pour Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza, Maleki, Kiomars, Shafaati, Arezu, Parandkam, Farhad. (2012). Urban Planning Appropriate to Passive Defense with emphasis on the Evaluation and Planning of Urban Land Use Optimization, [In Persian], Sepehr Quarterly, 83: 54-73.

Rahnamaei, Mohammad Taghi. (2005). Urban Planning Process of Iran, [In Persian], Tehran: Samt Publicaation.

Rahvand Shahr Consulting Engineer, (2013). Comprehensive Study of the Historical and Cultural Context of Bushehr, Volume II, [In Persian], Bushehr: Bushehr Province Cultural Organization Publications.

Sadr, Seyyed Ehsan. (2008). Passive Deffense, [In Persian], Tehran: Hava & Faza publications.

Shahr & Barnameh Consulting Engineer, (2010). Plans for Revision in Bushehr Master Plan, [