تاثیر باکتریهای افزایش دهنده رشد گیاه بر عصاره و فاکتورهای فیزیولوژیکی آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak) در شرایط تنش خشکی
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)
علی عبداللهی
1
,
محمد فیضیان
2
,
غزاله مهدی پوریان
3
1 - گروه خاکشناسی ، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه لرستان ، خرم آباد ، ایران؛
2 - گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه لرستان ، خرم آباد ، ایران؛
3 - گروه خاکشناسی ، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان ، اصفهان ، ایران؛
Keywords: تنش خشکی, اسانس, آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak), باکتریهای افزایش دهنده رشد گیاه,
Abstract :
زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر استفاده از میکروارگانیسم های مفید به عنوان نهاده های کشاورزی پایدار و کارآمد با امیدواری در کاهش اثرات منفی خشکسالی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. به منظور بررسی تأثیر ریزوباکتری های تقویت کننده رشد گیاه (PGPR) و تنش خشکی بر اسانس (EO) و فاکتورهای فیزیولوژیکی آویشن دنایی (Thymus daenensis Celak)، یک آزمایش در سال 2017 در شهرکرد انجام شد.شرح آزمایش: آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها چهار رژیم آبیاری و دو تلقیح PGPR بودند. فاکتور اول شامل چهار رژیم آبیاری عبارت بودند از: آبیاری کامل (A: عدم استرس) ، آبیاری پس از کاهش 20-25٪ ظرفیت مزرعه (FC) (L: استرس کم) ، آبیاری پس از کاهش 35-40 FC (M: استرس خفیف) و آبیاری پس از کاهش 60-55٪ FC (S: استرس شدید). فاکتور دوم شامل دو تیمار PGPR ، عدم تلقیح (C: شاهد) و تلقیح با PGPR (M: Pseudomonas fluorescens سویه 187 و Pseudomonas aeruginosa سویه MPFM) بود.یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث کاهش وزن خشک ریشه و شاخساره ، محتوای نسبی آب ، رنگدانه های فتوسنتزی و پارامترهای تبادل گازی شد اما تلقیح PGPR باعث بهبود آنها گردید. با افزایش تنش خشکی ، پرولین ، مالون دی آلدئید ، نشت الکترولیت و مقاومت روزنه ای افزایش یافت، اما تلقیح PGPR باعث کاهشاین فاکتورها در تیمارهای مربوطه شد. تلقیح PGPR باعث افزایش تولید اسانس گردید اگرچه این افزایش از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود اما تنش آب تولید اسانس را کاهش داد.توصیه های صنعتی و عملی: نتایج نشان می دهد که تلقیح PGPR می تواند یک استراتژی عالی برای کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی در کشت آویشن دنایی در شرایط تنش خشکی باشد، بنابراین کشاورزان مناطق نیمه خشک می توانند با استفاده از PGPR در تنش کم آب بیشترین مقدار EO در در آویشن دنایی تولید کنند.
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