کاربرد گیاهان دارویی در منطقه فاروج، استان خراسان شمالی، ایران
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)
آتنا اسلامی فروجی
1
(
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, Khorramabad, Iran
)
حامد خدایاری
2
(
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, Khorramabad, Iran
)
Keywords: ایران, خراسان شمالی, اتنوبوتانی, فاروج,
Abstract :
سابقه و هدف: گیاهان دارویی یکی از مهمترین منابع در ایران هستند، با استفاده از دانش علمی و استفاده صحیح، آن‌ها می‌توانند نقش مهمی را در سلامت جامعه بازی کنند. برخی از اهداف مهم پروژه اتنوبوتانی به نمایش گذاشتن گونه‌های دارویی رایج، یافتن کاربرد دقیق گونه‌های گیاهی در میان جمعیت‌های گوناگون منطقه و اثبات دانش اتنوبوتانی در میان مردم می‌باشد. مواد و روش‌ها: برای رسیدن به اهداف بالا، مطالعه‌ای در فاروج، استان خراسان شمالی، ایران در محدوده زمانی 1393 – 1394 انجام شد. برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، گام‌های متعددی همچون جمع‌آوری گیاهان، مصاحبه با مردم بومی و توزیع پرسشنامه صورت پذیرفت. برخی شاخص‌های مهم همچون فروانی نسبی نقل قول (RFC)، نسبت توافق گویندگان (IAR) و شاخص اهمیت فرهنگی (CI) برآورد شد. به علاوه، آزمون فرض صفر نیز انجام پذیرفت. نتایج و بحث: در مجموع 91 تاکسون متعلق به 29 خانواده شناسایی شد. از میان 91 تاکسون، 73 گونه در منطقه مورد مطالعه رویش طبیعی دارند. خانواده‌های Asteraceae و Brassicaceae به ترتیب با 16 و 9 سرده بیشترین فراوانی را به خود اختصاص دادند. در شهرستان فاروج، سایر بیماری‌ها و بیماری‌های گوارشی بیشترین بیماری‌های قابل علاج بودند. بیشترین قطعات گیاهی که مورد جمع‌آوری قرار گرفت به ترتیب شامل برگ‌ها (22%)، کل اندام گیاه (18%) و دانه‌ها (14%) است. گونه Vitis vinifera L. دارای بیشترین فراوانی نسبی نقل قول و شاخص اهمیت فرهنگی بود. منطقه فاروج دارای پتانسیل عظیمی در رشد گیاهان دارویی است. این تحقیق برای اولین بار در این ناحیه صورت پذیرفت. توصیه صنعتی و عملی: عصاره گیاهان می‌تواند برای درمان بسیاری از بیماری‌ها استفاده شود و برخی از عصاره‌ها ممکن است فایده جدیدی برای درمان بیماری‌ها داشته باشد.
Abbasi, S., Afsharzadeh, S. Mohajeri, A. 2012. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in Natanz region (Kashan), Iran. Journal of Herbal Drugs, 3 (3): 147-156.
Abel, C. and Busia, K. 2005. An exploratory ethnobotanical study of the practice of herbal medicine by the Akan people of Ghana.Alternative Medicine Review, 10 (2): 112-122.
Ahmad, M., Sultana, S., Fazl-i-Hadi, S., Hadda, T. B., Rashid, S., Zafar, M. Yaseen, G. 2014. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in high mountainous region of Chail valley (District Swat-Pakistan).Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 10 (1): 36.
Ameri, A., Heydarirad, G., Mahdavi, J. J.,Ghobadi, A., Rezaeizadeh, H. Choopani, R. 2015. Medicinal Plants Contain Mucilage Used in Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM). Pharmaceutical Biology, 53 (4): 615-623.
Amiri, M. S. Joharchi, M. R. 2013. Ethnobotanical investigation of traditional medicinal plants commercialized in the markets of Mashhad, Iran. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 3 (3): 254-271.
Azaizh, H. 2003. Ethnobotanical knowledge of local Array practioners in the Middle Eastern region. Fitoterapia, 74: 98- 108.
Bahmani, M., Zargaran, A., Rafieian-Kopaei, M. Saki, K. 2014. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used in the management of diabetes mellitus in the Urmia, Northwest Iran. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 7(1): 348-354.
Bibi, T., Ahmad, M., Tareen, R. B., Tareen, N. M., Jabeen, R., Rehman, S. U., Sultana, S., Zafar, M. Yaseen, G. 2014. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants in district Mastung of Balochistan province-Pakistan. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,157: 79–89.
Bonet, M. A. Valles, J. 2002. Use of non-crop food vascular plants in Montseny biosphere reserve (Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula). International Journal of Food Science Nutrition, 53: 225–248.
Breitbach, U. B., Niehues, M., Lopes, N. P., Faria, J. E. Brandão, M. G. L. Q. 2013. Amazonian Brazilian Medicinal Plants Described by C.F.P. von Martius in the 19th Century. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 147 (1): 180-189.
Cadena-González, A. L., Sørensen, M. Theilade, I. 2013. Use and valuation of native and introduced medicinal plant species in Campo Hermosoand Zetaquira, Boyacá, Colombia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9: 23.
Calixto, J. B. 2005. Twenty five years of research on medicinal plants in Latin America: a personal review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 100: 131-134.
Carballo, L. J., Hernandez-inda, L. Z., Perzer, P. Gravalos, M. D. 2002. A comparison between two brine shrimp assays to detect in vitro cytotoxicity in marine natural products. Biology Medicine Central, 2 (1): 17.
Choudhary, K., Singh, M. Pillai, U. 2008. Ethnobotanical Survey of Rajasthan - An Update. American-Eurasian Journal of Botany, 1(2): 38-45.
Chung, J. M., Park, K. W., Jeong, H. R., Soo, S. K., Kim, H. J., Choi, K., Lee, C. H., Shin, C. H. Kim, S. S. 2013. Ethnobotany in Korea—the traditional knowledge and use of indigenous plants. Korea National Arboretum, Gyeonggi-Do (in Korean).
Collins, S., Martins, X., Mitchell, A., Teshome, A. Arnason, J. T. 2006. Quantitative ethnobotany of two East Timorese culture. Economic Botany, 60: 347–361.
CRAF-PROSEA network: World Agroforestry Centre, Agroforestry Tree Database. Available on Internet at:http://www.worldagroforestry.org/treedb2/AFTPDFS/Carissa_edulis.pdf.
Dolatkhahi, M. Nabipour, I. 2013. Systematically study of medicinal plants in Bushehr province, Southern Iran. Journal of herbal drugs, 3 (4): 209-222. (In Persian).
Dolatkhahi, M., Ghorbani, M., Mehrafarin, A. Amininejad, G. 2014. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in Kazeroon: identification, distribution and traditional uses. Journal of medicinal plants, 11(2): 163-178. (In Persian).
Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. 2009. Medicinal plants used in Chaharmahal and Bakhtyari districts, Iran. Herba Polonica, 55: 69-75.
Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Momni, M. Bahmani, M. 2012. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by Kurd Tribe in Dehloran and Abdanan Districts, Ilam Province, Iran. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines (AJTCAM), 10 (2): 368-385.
Ghelichnia, H. 2005. Traditional and public beliefs about medicinal plants province. National conference on stable development of medicinal plants, Mashhad 565-566. (In Persion).
Ghorbani, A., Langenberger, G., Feng, L. Sauerborn, J. 2011. Ethnobotanical study ofmedicinal plants utilised by Hani ethnicity in Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, Yunnan, China. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134: 651–667.
Giorgetti, M., Rossi, L. Rodrigues, E. 2011. Brazilian Plants with Possible Action on the Central Nervous System: A Study of Historical Sources from the 16th to 19th Century. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 109 (2): 338-347.
Hamedi, A., Zarshenas, M. M., Sohrabpour, M. Zargaran, A. 2013. An Herbal medicinal oils in traditional Persian medicine. Pharmaceutical Biology, 51 (9): 1208-1218.
Heinrich, M., Ankli, A., Frei, B., Weimann, C. Sticher, O. 1998. Medicinal plantsin Mexico: Healers consensus and cultural importance. Social Science and Medicine, 47: 1859-1871.
Hooshidari, F. 2009. Medicinal plants of Kordestan Province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 25 (1): 90-103 (In Persian).
Hurrell, J. A. Albuquerque, U. P. 2012. Is Ethnobotany an Ecological Science? Steps towards a complex Ethnobotany. Ethnobiology and Conservation, 1, 4. Disponible: <http://ethnobioconservation.com> [Consulta: 8-IX-2013].
Inta, A., Shengji, P., Balslev, H., Wangpakapattanawong, P. Trisonthi, C. 2008. A comparative study on medicinal plants used in Akha’s traditional medicine in China and Thailand, cultural coherence or ecological divergence? Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 116: 508–517.
Jeruto, A., Lukhoba, C., Oumaa, G., Otieno. A. Charles, M. 2008. An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Nandi people in Kenya.Journal of ethno-pharmacology, Elsevier, 116: 370-376.
Kalvandi, R. 2007. Identification of Medicinal plants of Hamedan Province. Iranian journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23 (3): 350-374. (In Persian).
Khajoei Nasab, F. Khosravi, A. R. 2014. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of Sirjan in Kerman Province, Iran. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 154 (1): 190-197.
Khodayari, H., Amani, Sh. Amiri, H. 2014. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the Northeast of Khuzestan province: identification and traditional uses. Journal of Echophytochemical of medical plants,8 (4): 12-26. (In Persian).
Kim, H. Song, M. J. 2013. Ethnobotanical analysis for traditional Knowledge of wild edible plants in North Jeolla Province (Korea). Genetic Resources Crop Evolution, 60 (4): 1571–1585.
Lagos, L. M. 2005. Especies con propiedades medicinales encontradas en lascolecciones del herbario UPTC y su uso actual en Tunja y en losmunicipios de Chíquiza, Cómbita, Oicatá, Sora y Soracá (Boyacá). Revista De La Asociación Colombiana De Herbarios. Universidad del
Mahmood, A. Tabassum, A. 2011. Ethnomedicinal survey of plants from District Sialkot, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Pharmacology, 2: 212-220.
Manjula, S. Mamidala, E. 2013. An ethnobotanical survey of medical plants used by traditional healers of Thadvai, Warangal district, Andhra Pradesh, India. International journal of medical research and health science, 2 (1): 40-46.
Mann, A., Amupitan, J. O., Oyewale, A. O., Okogun, J. I., Ibrahim, K., Oladosu, P., Lawson, L., Olajideand, I. Nnamdi, A. 2008. Evaluation of invitro anti mycobacterial activity of Nigerian plants used for treatment of respiratory diseases. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7 (11): 1630–1636.
Medeiros, M. F. T. lbuquerque, U. P. 2014. Food Flora in 17th Century Northeast Region of Brazil in Historia Naturalis Brasiliae. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 10: 50.
Mesfin, K., Tekle, G. Tesfay, T. 2013. Ethnobotanical Study of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used by Indigenous People of Gemad District, Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 1 (4): 32-37.
Mirdavoodi, H. R. 2008. Identification of Medicinal plants of Markazi Province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 23 (4): 544-559. (In Persian).
Mosaddegh, M., Naghibi, F., Moazzeni, H. Pirani, A. 2012. Ethnobotanical survey of herbal remedies traditionally used in Kohghiluyeh va Boyer Ahmad province of Iran. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,141: 80- 95.
Naghibi, F., Esmaeili, S., Malekmohammadi, M., Hassanpour, A. Mosaddegh, M. 2014. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used traditionally in two villages of Hamedan, Iran. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy,1 (3): 7-14.
Njoroge, G. N., Joroge, G. N., Kaibui, I. M., Njenga, P. K. Odhiambo, P. O. 2010. Utilization of priority traditional medicinal plants and local people’s knowledge on their conservation status in arid lands of Kenya (Mwingi District).Journal of Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine, 6: 22.
Pochettino, M. L. Lema, V. 2008. La variable tiempo en la caracterización del conocimiento botánico tradicional. Darwiniana, 46: 227-239.
Rajaei, P. Mohamadi, N. 2012. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants of Hezar Mountain Allocated in South East of Iran. Iran Journal Pharmacy Restoration, 11 (4): 1153-1167.
Rechinger, K. H. 1963-2013. Flora Iranica. nos: 1-178. Akademische Drucku. Varlasanstalt, Graz. Austria,Vol. 1-174.
Reyes-García, V., Luz, A. C., Gueze, M., Paneque-Gálvez, J., Macía, M. J.,Orta-Martínez, M. Pino, J. 2013. Secular Trends on Traditional Ecological Knowledge: An Analysis of Changes in Different Domains of Knowledge among Tsimane’ Men. Learning and Individual Differences, 27: 206-212.
Safa, O., Soltanipoor, M. A., Rastegar, S., Kazemi, M., Nourbakhsh Dehkordi, K. Ghannadi, A. 2012. An ethnobotany survey on Hormozgan Province in Iran. Journal of phytomedicine, 3 (1): 64-81.
Shrivastava, S. Kanungo,V. K. 2013. Ethnobotanical survey of Surguja District with special reference to plants used by uraon tribe in treatment of respiratory diseases. Int,Journal of Herbal Medicine,1(3): 131–134.
Song, M., Kim, H., Brian, H., Choi, K. H. Lee, B. 2013. Traditional Knowledge of wild edible plants on Jeju Island, Korea. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 12: 177–194.
Sulaiman, S. F., Zahariluddin, A. S. M. Noor, S. S. M. 2011. Anti-tuberculosis potential of some ethnobotanically selected Malaysian plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 133: 1021–1026.
Tardio, J. Pardo-de Santayana, M. 2008. Cultural importance indices: a comparative analysis based on the useful wild plants of southern Cantabria (northern Spain). Economic Botany, 62: 24–39.
Trotter, R. T. Logan, M. H. 1986. Informant consensus: a new approach for identifying potentially effective medicinal plants. In: Etkin, N.L. (Ed.), Plants in Indigenous Medicine and Diet. Redgrave Publishing Company, Bedford Hill New York 91-112.
Turner, N. J., Łuczaj, Ł. J., Migliorini, P., Pieroni, A., Dreon, A. L., Sacchetti, L. E. Paoletti, M. G. 2011. Edible and tended wild plants, traditional ecological knowledge and agroecology. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 30 (1–2): 198–225. doi:10.1080/07352689.2011.554492.
Weckerle, C. S., Ineichen, R., Huber, F. K. Yang, Y. 2009. Mao's heritage: medicinal plant knowledge among the Bai in Shaxi, China, at crossroads between distinct local and common widespread practice. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 123: 213–228.
WHO, 2002. Traditional Medicine: Growing Needs and Potentials, Geneva. Available on Internet at: http://www.who.int/emc-documents/Growing needs and potentials /docs /EGlobalStrat. pdf.
Zank, S. Hanazaki, N. 2011. Exploring the links between Ethnobotany, Local Therapeutic Practices, and Protected Areas in Santa Catarina Coastline. Evidence Based Complement Alternative Medicine: Brazil; doi:10.1155/2012/563570.
