Employing Etymological and Cognitive Approach in Investigating the Conceptual Structure of ʻrf in the Quran Emphasizing on the Term al Maʻrūf
Subject Areas : -fathyieh fattahizadeh 1 , fatemeh abadi 2
1 - Professor in Quran and Hadith Studies, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Ph. D. Student in Quran and Hadith Studies, Al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Conceptualization, Etymology, polysemy, Homonymy, cognitive, ʻrf, Maʻruf,
Abstract :
The meaning of "ʻrf " and "Maʻruf" which the Qur'an has placed at the center of social relations have always been disputed by linguists and interpreters. This study investigates the semantic variants of the word by using the etymological approach and its evolution in Semitic, Qur'anic Arabic and classical Arabic lexical sources. The study of its conceptual model in the Qur'an by using the cognitive approach. According to the etymological studies, the meanings of "main of horse", "good smell", "patience", "wind", "science and cognition", etc., are related to different origins and similarities arising from homonymy. The mane meaning of this origin in the Qur'an derived from the metaphorical extension of the meaning of 'face' to 'knowing'. "Maʻruf " as a term formed within the Qur'anic system is based on the same meaning as an act that has been continuously seen in the Islamic society, and consequently has become familiar is a concept at the superordinate level, and concepts such as "Ṣalāt", "Qisṭ", "Adl', "Taqwā", "Ihsān", "Birr", "Zakāh", etc., are the basic-level (stable) concepts in this category. God has applied only to the basic-level concepts of this category and leave "Maʻruf " as a temporal and spatial concept - such as the designation of "Maʻruf " saying and behaving - the responsibility of individuals in the religious community.
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