Iranian Sociological Review: 5 (4)

Open Access Article

1 - Evaluation of the Accelerating Factor in the Iranian Oil Nationalization Movement Based on Neil Smelser’s Reform Theory
Abbas Naeemi Jourshari Mansour Vosoughi Alireza Kaldi

The main objective of this article is to identify and evaluate the accelerating factor in the Iranian oil nationalization movement. The main question is: what was the accelerating factor that put the Iranian oil nationalization movement into practice? The article relies More

The main objective of this article is to identify and evaluate the accelerating factor in the Iranian oil nationalization movement. The main question is: what was the accelerating factor that put the Iranian oil nationalization movement into practice? The article relies on the reform movement theory of Neil Smelser. Forthis purpose, fraud in the 16thnational election of the parliament, and establishment of Iranian National Front inobjection to it, are studied as the accelerating factors to the Iranian national movement. Research methodologyin this study is historical and referential type and the data has been collected through library studies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - African Jurisprudence: The Law as a Complement to Public Morality
Kingsley Ufuoma Omoyibo

Every society is governed by certain rules (the law), customs, norms and values; and these are intricately crucial to the maintenance of public morality. Invariably, there is a public morality which provides the cement of any human society; the law, especially the crimi More

Every society is governed by certain rules (the law), customs, norms and values; and these are intricately crucial to the maintenance of public morality. Invariably, there is a public morality which provides the cement of any human society; the law, especially the criminal law, must regard it as a primary function to reflect and maintain this public morality. Criminal Codes lay down various offences categorized as criminal or immoral, for they lay down ‘Offences against morality’ (including rape, elopement, indecent assaults, defilement, detention with sexual intention, prostitution, abortion, unnatural offences and incest); but these are mainly sexual offences or offences related thereto. They do not capture enough of but has prevailed over what count as moral values or public morality. It is thus quite evident that the law reduces the concept of morality to just one small aspect. This narrow interpretation of morality is deficient because it downplays the full involvement of the people who are to be affected by these laws. This is the laxity and bane of current evolution and application of the law among modern Africa states. Thus, the important issue was the critical question of the relationship between the law and morality; should the law determine public morality or should public moralitydetermine the law? This question has confronted major western theorists and jurists for decades. This articleadumbrated this claim and concluded that the law, at least, in traditional Africa (as expressed in the experience of the Etsako of Nigeria), is an arm of public norms and morality; in other words, that public morality is a metalaw. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Sociological Explanation of Different forms of Citizen’s Participation in the City of Khalkhal
Eghbaleh Aziz Khani Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi Hossein Aghajani

This study aims to have a sociological explanation of the different forms of participation amongKhalkhal citizens and the factors affecting it. In this study, the important issue is attention to dimensions ofparticipation. The theoretical framework and model were presen More

This study aims to have a sociological explanation of the different forms of participation amongKhalkhal citizens and the factors affecting it. In this study, the important issue is attention to dimensions ofparticipation. The theoretical framework and model were presented by using the theory of Talcott Parsons,Lipset, Habermas, De Tocqueville, Lerner, and Rostow. This research was a survey and the structural validityand reliability were tested through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The statistical population consisted of over 18year old citizens of Khalkhal who were 36,000 according to the Census Bureau. Through a multi-stage clustersampling method, 380 people were selected as a sample. To analyze the data, two methods of descriptive andinferential statistics and SPSS and Amos graphics softwares were used. After preparing the matrix, onedimensionaland two-dimensional information tables were set. This study aims to explain the different kinds ofparticipation (social, cultural, psychological, economical and political) among the Khalkhal adult population.The results indicate that the independent variables of group bonds, social alienation, mass media and socioeconomicstatus had significant relationship with participation as the dependent variable. Also, the results ofStructural Equation Model show that all model fitness indices were over 0.90. It means that, based on thedefined measures, the model has moved away from the dependent model and become closer to a saturatedmodel. Since that AGFI=0.904, TLI=0.911 and IFI =0.915 are close to one, it shows the fitness of the model andRMSEA=0.078 shows the weak performance of the residuals in the model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Impact of Teachers' Training on the Reliability of Tests and Assessments in Governmental and Non-governmental Sections
Heydar Nosratzadeh

Assessment is considered as one of the fundamental elements in the field of foreign languageacquisition. In order for communication take place, adequate number of vocabulary is needed to be known bythe learners. The salient role of vocabulary in the field of foreign lan More

Assessment is considered as one of the fundamental elements in the field of foreign languageacquisition. In order for communication take place, adequate number of vocabulary is needed to be known bythe learners. The salient role of vocabulary in the field of foreign language acquisition resulted in thepublication of several hundreds of papers and dozens of books. Due to the dominant role of vocabulary in thisarea, this research investigated two variables considered to be effective in the learning and retention of secondlanguage vocabulary: word exposure frequency, and elaboration of word processing. Word exposure frequencythat refers to the number of times the learners are exposed to a word in input was considered as one of theindependent variables, and elaboration of word processing that refers to the quality and richness of processingnew words in the textual input was considered as the second independent variable. Depth and richness of wordprocessing were investigated based on the involvement load hypothesis offered by Laufer and Hulstijn (2001). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Spreading Modern Rationality and forming the New Patterns of Family; a Study of Cohabitation Style in Tehran
Amirmasoud Amirmazaheri Leila Shiri Gheydari Mahshid Shahidi

In general, sexual behavior shapes in the depth of society and culture and social and culturalexpectations influence to a great extent. Also sexual relations in Iran, take place outside of marriage withdifferent reasons and in different forms. Some evidences imply an in More

In general, sexual behavior shapes in the depth of society and culture and social and culturalexpectations influence to a great extent. Also sexual relations in Iran, take place outside of marriage withdifferent reasons and in different forms. Some evidences imply an increasing trend of this style of life amongyoung people, accordingly, this study wants to analyze this phenomenon and achieve an understanding of themeaning and logic of the actors also recognize the wisdom behind it. The study was conducted by relying onphenomenological approach and 20 young people who had the experience of living with opposite sex outside offormal relations are interviewed. The results show that the main and central issue in this form of life is right tochoose which is based on rational choice, individual freedom and the chance of situation identification causesthe actors prefer these form of relations. The main themes in this category involve the agreement on shape,principles and level of relation, leaving if you prefer not to continue the relationship, increasing individualismand emphasize on individual freedoms and opportunities to identify better positions. Also, the findings show thatequality in the division of work, change the look to sexual needs and individualism experience was one of theeffective fields on shaping rationality through choosing a homemade relation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - An Anthropological Study of Death and Funeral Ceremony with focus in Gilan Province
Mohammad Sadegh Farbod

A rite of passage is a ritual event that marks a person's transition from one status to another,including birth, coming-of-age, marriage and death. One of the rite of passage is funeral and its Rituals .Afuneral is a ceremony for honoring, respecting, sanctifying, or re More

A rite of passage is a ritual event that marks a person's transition from one status to another,including birth, coming-of-age, marriage and death. One of the rite of passage is funeral and its Rituals .Afuneral is a ceremony for honoring, respecting, sanctifying, or remembering the life of a person who has died.Funerary customs comprise the complex of beliefs and practices used by a culture to remember the dead, frominterment itself, to various monuments, prayers, and rituals undertaken in their honor. The main purpose in thispaper is to investigate the aspects of funeral and its Ceremony and Rituals with the focus in Gilan Province byanthropology view. The method in this paper is quality and tools of data collection are library and field researchmethods have been used. It is mention in the theoretical framework the present research for its analysis of data,is based on functionalism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Studying the Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction among the Students of Islamic Azad University (Case of Study: Science and Research Branch, Tehran)
Sara Mohamadpour Soroush Fathi Mehdi Mokhtarpour

The present research has been conducted to study job satisfaction of students and the factors affecting it. Method of this research is survey-based and data collection technique was questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaires was also confirmed with Cronbach's alph More

The present research has been conducted to study job satisfaction of students and the factors affecting it. Method of this research is survey-based and data collection technique was questionnaire. Reliability of the questionnaires was also confirmed with Cronbach's alpha method. Statistical population of the research includes all students studying in Sciences and Research branch. The statistical sample was determined 380 person based on Cochran Formula and was selected with simple random sampling method. Research findings showed: 60.6 % of the studied sample has full job satisfaction and 29.4% of the respondents have medium satisfaction and only 10% of them has low satisfaction rate. Study of relationship between variables showed that there was relationship between variables of job security, term of services, age and enjoyment of welfare equipment and job satisfaction and based on regression analysis, variables of enjoyment of enjoyment of welfare equipment, social solidarity , social relations , social trust , social security , social participation determine 83.2% of changes in variance of job satisfaction. Manuscript profile

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