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List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Effective Constructivism for the Arch-Design Studio
Andrew EigbeonanAim of this paper is to search and find ways and methods of constructivism teaching and learning ideas inteaching the architectural design studio. The objective is to extract all the positive things constructivism has to offer the architecturaldesign studio for efficien MoreAim of this paper is to search and find ways and methods of constructivism teaching and learning ideas inteaching the architectural design studio. The objective is to extract all the positive things constructivism has to offer the architecturaldesign studio for efficient teaching and effective learning. Although there are similarities in the curricula of training architects all overthe world, but educators go about it in their own convenient and suitable ways and styles. And this is leading to inadequacy in thestandards of teaching the arch-design studios in the contemporary world. The topic has become very relevant and timely asarch-educators and other stakeholders are of the opinion that something has to be done to improve the ways and methods of trainingarchitects, especially the teaching of the arch-design studio. Through exploration of critical analytical review of literatures and interviews,this paper finds ways and methods of constructivism in teaching the arch-design studio. These ways and methods are criticallyexplored through the research themes of collaboration, integration, adaptability and motivation. By teaching and learning withconstructivism ideas in the arch-design studio the students would be grounded in designing with creativity ideas and therefore we canhave professionals that design and build creatively, functionally, satisfactorily and safely. It means we can have real buildings andplaces that satisfy our clients, the society and in harmony with the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Japanese Garden as a Physical Symbol of Japanese Culture
Farah Habib Sara Nahibi Hamid MajediA’ view of nature within the framework of garden and in relation with human needs and drives that satisfy theneed to be rooted has caused the representation of nature in garden to be regarded as cultural heritage. Garden and garden designingare suitable cases for MoreA’ view of nature within the framework of garden and in relation with human needs and drives that satisfy theneed to be rooted has caused the representation of nature in garden to be regarded as cultural heritage. Garden and garden designingare suitable cases for us to study cultural characteristics and traits. Thus, human beings have searched their eternal interest in anideal and unattainable world in garden building and garden totally reflects each culture. Art and knowledge are both represented ingarden in which engineering creativity reaches its summit. Japanese garden is one of the oldest patterns in gardening in the world.It demonstrates Japanese ideology, ontology, cultural views and rites. Relativity and multi religions represent its cultural difference.Changeability and cultural ease along with preserving basic core and nature of Japanese culture are the basis of Japanese culture.Japanese garden is one of the most obvious emblems and representatives of Japanese culture. The aim of this paper is to make acontent analysis that will primarily study the cultural characteristics and will then focus and conclude the results of Japanesegarden designing as a cultural physical symbol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Amoebic Urbanization in Nigerian Cities (The Case of Lagos and Ota)
aofiki Salau Taibat Lawanson Omoayena OdumbakuThis paper investigates the relationship between the Lagos Megacity and Ota Township, a small township onits periphery. The study examines linkages between and Lagos in terms of growth, urban development as well as mobility. 553questionnaires were administered to househ MoreThis paper investigates the relationship between the Lagos Megacity and Ota Township, a small township onits periphery. The study examines linkages between and Lagos in terms of growth, urban development as well as mobility. 553questionnaires were administered to household heads across the 12 residential districts of Ota Township. Survey was carried out bysystematic random sampling. Classified traffic counts were also taken at strategic locations along the four main axial roads in Ota.The data collected were analysed with descriptive and inferential statistical methods including cross-tabulation and correlationanalysis. Findings of the research have shown that the proportion of inter-city traffic from Ota directed towards Lagos is about 48%of total inter-city traffic generated. More than 40% of Ota residents migrated from Lagos and still commute daily to the megacity.The paper concludes by recommending strategies for better synergies between Ota Township and the Lagos megacity. These includethe implementation of integrated master planning, effective environmental management and traffic policies for the township as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Effects of Varamin Jami Mosque’s Ornamentations on the Spatial Qualities
Mohammad Naghizadeh Sheida KhansariMosque as the house of God has always been significant to rulers, people and Muslim artists. It is one of themost ancient architectural subjects. Varamin1Jami mosque from Ilkhanid2 era is one of the masterpieces of Iranian-Islamicarchitecture. It was one of the first pr MoreMosque as the house of God has always been significant to rulers, people and Muslim artists. It is one of themost ancient architectural subjects. Varamin1Jami mosque from Ilkhanid2 era is one of the masterpieces of Iranian-Islamicarchitecture. It was one of the first projects which started the glorious era of renovation after the dark times of the Mongols3invasion. Perfect stucco ornaments in mihrab4, inlaid mosaic in the iwans5 and beautifully done inscriptions with Kufic6 andThuluth7 calligraphy in different parts of it, not only have created an admirable visual beauty but also have contributed to thespatial quality of the mosque. They deeply affect worshipers and make them concentrate and think of God only and ignore earthlymatters. This research tries to investigate the quantitative and qualitative aspects of these ornamentations and tries to find out howthese ornaments affect the qualitative beauty of the space inside the mosque. The research methodology is qualitative andcorrelational with field study. Well decided choices on the ornaments of different parts of the mosque, the effects of Shia8, noticingsome of the rules of beauty such as symmetry, repetition, massing and other areas are some of the results of this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Marital Status and Crowding Intensity (The Case of Multifamily Apartments in Lagos, Nigeria)
Anthony IwekaIn Nigeria, crowded housing is one of the housing stresses that bother policy-makers and housing authorities.This study examines the crowding levels in seven marital status categories among the occupants of Lagos State Development andProperty Corporation’s apartme MoreIn Nigeria, crowded housing is one of the housing stresses that bother policy-makers and housing authorities.This study examines the crowding levels in seven marital status categories among the occupants of Lagos State Development andProperty Corporation’s apartments. The focus is on the capacity of an apartment’s internal spaces to meet the sleeping needs ofhouseholds in different marital arrangements. A case study of four housing estates was purposively selected among Lagos StateDevelopment and Property Corporation’s multifamily categories, with a population of 7,764 apartments. A sample of 7.5% (582)was chosen using stratification and systematic random techniques. A pretested questionnaire instrument was used to collect therelevant demographic data of occupants. The occupants in different marital arrangements were grouped into three: households thatharboured one to two occupants; households that harboured three to five occupants; and households that harboured six or moreoccupants. The result shows that households containing three to five persons were the most dominant in all apartment types whilehouseholds that contain six or more persons were very few. Generally, the result showed no substantial disparity in the incidence ofcrowding among households of various marital classifications in different apartment types. The link between “Separated” and“Divorced” was revealed, as both types were not found among respondents living in two-bedroom apartments. The number ofoccupants in the “just single” and “married” categories were high compared to others. These results are significant for policiesregarding occupancy, crowding and design of Lagos State Development and Property Corporation’s apartments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigating Cross-Cultural Differences in the Privacy Regulation and Perception of Crowding (Northern and Kurdish Women in Iran)
Fatemeh Mohammad Niay GharaeiThis study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo Iranian sub-cultures (Kurdish and Northern women).The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern andKurdish women differed in their desire MoreThis study investigated cross-cultural differences in the privacy regulation and perception of crowding amongtwo Iranian sub-cultures (Kurdish and Northern women).The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether Northern andKurdish women differed in their desired and achieved levels of privacy in parks. The second purpose of this study was to investigatethe relationships between the desired and the achieved levels of privacy and the experience of crowding. The final purpose was todescribe the cultural differences in the experience of crowding between Northern and Kurdish women. The research methodologywas designed on interview and questionnaire. A random size of 600 Kurdish and Northern women was selected in Sanandaj andRasht cities. Moreover, to examine the survey Chi-Square Test, Independent Sample Test and Analysis of variance were conducted.The results show that Kurdish women desired more privacy in public spaces than Northern women. Regardless of culture, women’sdesired and achieved privacy levels have associations with the level of perceived crowding in public spaces. These findings assistenvironmental designers to present strategies for achieving privacy in relation to Iranian sub-cultures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Urban Identity in the Entrance of City
Zohreh Torabi Yalda SimaIdentity, a series of traits and characteristics that makes a person or a member of the community come to a kindof “ recognition” about individuals and other communities; The city also, following the example of this criterion gains characterand gets independ MoreIdentity, a series of traits and characteristics that makes a person or a member of the community come to a kindof “ recognition” about individuals and other communities; The city also, following the example of this criterion gains characterand gets independent. Identity in the city, through the creation and association with “public memories” of citizens causes the senseof interest and dependence which leads the inhabitants of the city toward becoming a citizen, which is a more active level of beingjust inhabitants. Although the identity is the effect of the culture of its citizens, it affects the process of becoming a citizen and cancause the formulation of criteria related to the participation and judging of observers and residents. Urban identity is a reflection ofall the local people’s traditions, culture and aspirations grouped together. It reflects their needs, successes, failures and future.Constricted, the city is understood and interpreted through the technical rather than the sensory, yet it is the sensory from whichpeople build their feeling and emotion. Sensuous requirements may coincide or conflict with other demands but cannot be separatedfrom them in designing or judging urban spaces. The static physical setting, activities and meaning constituted three basic elements ofurban identity places. Since place identity is a sub-structure of the self-identity of person consisting of broadly conceived cognitionsabout the world in which the individual lives. These cognitions represent memories, ideas, values, meanings and conceptions ofbehavior and experience. This study investigates and compares basic elements of urban identity in Zanjan city entrances withusing Analytical Hierarchy Process Method and the proposed recommendations for the increase identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Influence of Paris School of Fine Arts on Architecture Education in Iran
Hassan Rezaei Iraj Etessam Seyed Mustafa MokhtabadAmre’eiBy its academic-aristocratic approach at the beginning, and the mere artistic vision of art afterwards, Beaux Artshad become the cottage of hopes and dreams for art-lovers and artists from Iran and all around the world. Accordingly, Iran, like manyother countries, has h MoreBy its academic-aristocratic approach at the beginning, and the mere artistic vision of art afterwards, Beaux Artshad become the cottage of hopes and dreams for art-lovers and artists from Iran and all around the world. Accordingly, Iran, like manyother countries, has had consecutive associations and interactions with these schools, especially beaux-arts school, in qualitative andquantitative dimensions “Beaux-arts” school has had an extraordinary expanded character among classical educational schools inItaly and Germany and has played a positive and rooted role on art education world. What was going on continuously in E’cole formany years was nothing but a stone sinking in a pond, whose inevitable waves’ beams affected the whole pond. Art Education was thepond, Beaux Arts the stone. E’cole de Beaux-Arts set up the starting point of many artistic, educational and political events in thedomain of art education. So, may we assume Beaux-Arts as the starting point and the godfather of most of Iranian art educationsystems? Examining this subject in the context of art education history can be done through various methods. Historical periods,geopolitical entities, nationalism, international network of effects, and subjects orthemes each can have a framework or compositionfor forming the international history of art education. This article sets to express France’s E’cole de Beaux-Arts Educationhistorically, and tries to assess the deep qualitative and quantitative influences of the E’cole on Iran’s Art educational system,especially on architecture education, by gathering information through well-known artists and graduates of Beaux-Arts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Analytical Study on Necessity of Decentralization of Higher Education (Iran –Tehran 2013)
Mohammad Taghi Rahnamaee Mostafa Taleshi Neda MoradiLarge cities and metropolitan areas in developing countries are growing rapidly. These areas grew by attractingall facilities, services and capital of the country. Tehran has been the major city and center for decision and policy making invarious administrative, politic MoreLarge cities and metropolitan areas in developing countries are growing rapidly. These areas grew by attractingall facilities, services and capital of the country. Tehran has been the major city and center for decision and policy making invarious administrative, political, economic and socialaspects. This political focus has brought economic, social, educationalfocus that attracted a vast majority of students of Iran. Based on measures by TOPSIS technic, Tehran province has ranked 19th interms of development Indicators; therefore, its status is not favorable. There are total of 91 universities or educational institute inTehran province 75 of which are located in the city of Tehran. There are 527 thousand students currently studying in these institutionswhich itself indicates the focus on capital city, especially in the field of education. National programs should take decentralizationpolicies from growth poles. Decentralization of higher education as an integrated development policy for Tehran province and thecountry can bring many fruitful results. Based on recent policy on decentralization, cities of FiroozKooh and Damavand areproposed for attracting students of Azad universities and Varamin is proposed for attracting Payam-e- Noor students of the provinceand Hashtgerd is proposed for accepting part of activities of governmental universities for undergraduate studies as appropriatelocations for identical spatial distribution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Preservation of Kandovan, Based on Pathology of Population Decline
Nasim AshrafiThe following study aims to present a consistent framework for the sustainable development of the troglodytevillage of Kandovan, taking into consideration the present situation of the village and the paramount importance of preserving itsunique way of life with the ulti MoreThe following study aims to present a consistent framework for the sustainable development of the troglodytevillage of Kandovan, taking into consideration the present situation of the village and the paramount importance of preserving itsunique way of life with the ultimate goal of making efficient improvements on the living conditions of its inhabitants. Located innorth-western Iran, this tourist location, which is the sole troglodyte village in the world still occupied by human dwellers, iscarved entirely out of a chain of cliffs. This stone-age lifestyle in the midst of our modern times has bestowed incomparable charmsto Kandovan, turning it into a major source of wonderment and fascination. Regrettably, however, the emigration of its inhabitantshas placed the village and what it stands for under serious threat. This research will attempt to identify and analyze the reasons forthe diminishing of the local population, and goes some way to providing practical solutions to tackle this problem, utilizing aneffective application of the principles of sustainable development on both environmental and architectural aspects. Manuscript profile
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