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حرية الوصول المقاله
1 - The responses of potato cultivars to osmotic and temperature stresses under in vitro conditions
Farnoosh Jafari Jaber Panahandeh Alireza Motallebi Azar Mousa Torabi GiglouIn order to investigate the responses of potato plantlets under in vitro conditions to osmotic and temperature stresses, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Each replicate contained a glass jar with 5 explant أکثرIn order to investigate the responses of potato plantlets under in vitro conditions to osmotic and temperature stresses, a factorial experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Each replicate contained a glass jar with 5 explants grown in it. The first factor was water deficit at four levels of osmotic stress caused by polyethylene glycol 6000 including control, -0.5,-0.1, and -1.5 MPa and the second factor was temperature at three levels of 15, 25 and 35° C. Five potato cultivars, including 3 promising clones, 143, 301, and 306 as well as Marfona and Picasso cultivars were exposed to stresses in MS medium. Eight weeks after stress period, indicators such as fresh and dry weights of plantlets, electrolyte leakage, proline, catalase, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations were measured. The results of variance analysis indicated that the simple effects of factors as well as the interactions of the investigated factors at P≤0.01 had a significant effect on the study traits. Mean comparison showed that the temperature stress decreased the fresh and dry weights of plantlets and potassium concentration but increased electrolyte leakage, proline, catalase, and phosphorus concentration. On the other hand, osmotic stress reduced fresh and dry weight of plantlets, P and K, while proline, CAT, and electrolyte leakage increased. The combination of stresses lowered plantlets’ resistance to stresses because osmotic stress of -0.5 MPa and higher, in combination with 35° C caused the explants to dry. Finally, results showed that Marfona cultivar was more tolerant to stress conditions than other genotypes. This seems to be the result of accumulating more proline and high antioxidant activity. On the other hand, clone 306 was more susceptible to stress than other genotypes and the plantlets 306 experienced more damage and dried. تفاصيل المقالة -
حرية الوصول المقاله
2 - Effect of Biochar and Vermicompost on Growth Parameters and Physiological Characteristics of Feverfew (<i>Tanacetum parthenium</i> L.) Under Drought Stress
Mahboubeh Naeemi Golzard Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi Sepideh Kalateh JariDrought stress is one of the most prevalent problems that limit the growth and lifespan of plants. Knowing the specifics of plant response to drought stress can be useful in the management and development of plant cultivation. The feverfew plant (Tanacetum parthenium L. أکثرDrought stress is one of the most prevalent problems that limit the growth and lifespan of plants. Knowing the specifics of plant response to drought stress can be useful in the management and development of plant cultivation. The feverfew plant (Tanacetum parthenium L.) is ornamental and medicinal plant native to Iran and its cultivation in the landscape seems valuable as a wildflower due to its beauty. The factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar and vermicompost on feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.) in loamy soils under drought stress conditions based on a completely randomized design (CRD) in three replicates. The results showed that drought stress caused a decrease in shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, and leaf relative water content (RWC), compared to the control treatment. On the other hand, there was an increase in catalase enzyme because of the drought stress. By improving the soil condition, vermicompost and biochar caused an increase in fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, chlorophyll content, and leaf RWC. However, it decreased the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyames. In general, the combination of vermicompost and biochar was the best treatment for enhancing the soil condition and increasing the growth characteristics of feverfew plants under drought stress. تفاصيل المقالة -
حرية الوصول المقاله
3 - بررسی اثرات اکوفیزیولوژیک و مورفولوژیک تنوع در بروز ژنهایPEAMT1 و PEAMT2 در ژنوتیپهای مقاوم وحساس به خشکی گندم نان
مهدی روزرخبه منظور بررسی واکنش ژنوتیپهای گندم نان به اثرات ناشی از خشکی و بروز ژن ،دوآزمایش جداگانه به صورت آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ای بصورت فاکتوریل و به ترتیب در قالب طرحهای کاملا تصادفی و بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار،در آزمایشگاه و گلخانه در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه در أکثربه منظور بررسی واکنش ژنوتیپهای گندم نان به اثرات ناشی از خشکی و بروز ژن ،دوآزمایش جداگانه به صورت آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ای بصورت فاکتوریل و به ترتیب در قالب طرحهای کاملا تصادفی و بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار،در آزمایشگاه و گلخانه در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمانشاه در سال 1394 انجام شد. عوامل این طرحها،در آزمایشگاه، بیست ژنوتیپ گندم (ده ژنوتیپ مقاوم و ده ژنوتیپ حساس به خشکی) و شش سطح پتانسیل اسمزی و در گلخانه،6 ژنوتیپ منتخب(سه ژنوتیپ حساس و سه ژنوتیپ مقاوم به خشکی) و شش سطح پتانسیل اسمزی بودند.آزمایشهای مربوط به فناوریهای زیست شناسی مولکولی نیز در دانشکده داروسازی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه ، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، ژنوتیپهای مقاوم به خشکی پیشتاز،آذر2 و پارسی،از نظر درصد،مدت و سرعت جوانه زنی، برتری قابل توجه و40 درصدی نسبت به ژنوتیپهای حساس به خشکی پیشگام، اوحدی و رصد داشتند. وزن خشک ریشه چه نیز در ژنوتیپ پارسی با 99/78 میلیگرم ، بیشترین مقدار و بیش از سه برابر کمترین وزن خشک ریشه چه در ژنوتیپ رصد با 08/24 میلیگرم بود. در گلخانه، حد بالاو پایین مقادیر صفات درصد،مدت و سرعت سبز شدن و وزن بوته ها به ترتیب به ژنوتیپ مقاوم به خشکی پارسی و ژنوتیپ حساس به خشکی پیشگام تعلق داشت. افزایش تنش اسمزی در ژنوتیپ پارسی موجب افزایش بروز ژن TaPMT1شد،که به وضوح نشان دهنده درگیر بودن این ژن، حداقل در سطح بیان ژن در واکنش به تنش اسمزی است . تفاصيل المقالة -
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4 - Responses of Almond Genotypes to Osmotic Stress Induced In Vitro
S. Karimi A. Yadollahi K. ArzaniDrought is one of the major limitations to crop production worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of five almond genotypes and peach×almond hybrid GF to drought stress in vitro, and screening drought tolerance. Explants subjected to polyethyl أکثرDrought is one of the major limitations to crop production worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of five almond genotypes and peach×almond hybrid GF to drought stress in vitro, and screening drought tolerance. Explants subjected to polyethylene glycol osmotic stress ( , , and . % WV) on the MS medium. Increasing PEG level in the medium significantly reduced fresh weight and leaf growth indices of the explants. Concentrations of chlorophylls, anthocyanins and carotenoids were significantly reduced under osmotic stress. Drought sensitive genotypes ‘B- ’, ‘Sepid’, ‘Mamaei’ and ‘Ferragnès’ showed stunted growth with high rate of leaf abscission under osmotic stress. Under osmotic stress, leaf water content, cellular membrane stability and pigments concentration were significantly higher in the leaves of tolerant genotypes ‘Supernova’ and GF . The results revealed that carotenoids and anthocyanins may be involved in protecting almonds against drought stress. Based on their responses to the osmotic treatments, almond genotypes were divided into drought tolerant (‘Supernova’ and GF ), semi-sensitive (‘B- ’ and ‘Sepid’) and drought sensitive (‘Mamaei’ and ‘Ferragnès’) تفاصيل المقالة
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