• فهرس المقالات n-Hexane

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        1 - Evaluation of Solvent Extraction Efficiency –Chemical Analysis of the Oil Extracted from Apple Seeds
        M. Azizi A. A. Safekordi
        Oils and fats are substances that are important nutritionally and have important role and impact on human health. Energy consumption and preservation in respect of food industry and the increase in the world population and search for new sources of oils and fats to full أکثر
        Oils and fats are substances that are important nutritionally and have important role and impact on human health. Energy consumption and preservation in respect of food industry and the increase in the world population and search for new sources of oils and fats to full fill the need of the society particulary the nutritional requirements have introduced this research topic. Therefore aim of this work is to underestand the extraction efficiency of the solvents and to evaluate the extracted oil. Hexan and AW406 were employed to evaluate the extraction efficiency at 60, 80 and 100°C for a period of 30 minutes using Soxhlet apparatus as a mean to extract the oil.The extracted oil was subjected to a series of chemical analysis consisting of fatty acid composition, phospholipid concentration, percent nonsaponifiable matter, Induction period measurement, sterol and tocopherol composition and analysis.The result indicated that the solvent AW406 behavior depends on the temperature of extraction and longer period of extraction is required when AW406 is compared to n-hexane.Chemical analysis of the extracted oil indicated that linoleic and oleic acids were the predominant fatty acids present and β-sitosterol and α-tocopherol constituted the majority of the respective fractions. Due to the fact that extracted oil from apple seeds had approximately 89% of their fatty acid in the unsaturated form, mainly linoleic acid followed by oleic acid, the oil might be employed in food and pharmaceutical products. تفاصيل المقالة
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        2 - ارزیابی کمیت و کیفیت اسیدهای چرب در گیاه داروییLinum usitatissimum L.تحت تأثیر محلول‌پاشی بوریک‌اسید، سالسیلیک‌اسید و اوره در طول روز
        مهتاب پویان فر ناصر محب علی پور حسن نورافکن علی فرامرزی
        بذر کتان Linum usitatissimum L. یکی از مهمترین محصولات دانه روغنی جهان است و روغن آن منبع ارزشمندی از اسیدهای چرب ضروری امگا-3 از نوع آلفالینولنیک‌اسید می‌باشد. این گیاه نسبت به کودی که در نزدیکی ساقه ریخته می‌شود حساس است، بنابراین تغذیه برگی عناصر غذایی به عنوان یک رو أکثر
        بذر کتان Linum usitatissimum L. یکی از مهمترین محصولات دانه روغنی جهان است و روغن آن منبع ارزشمندی از اسیدهای چرب ضروری امگا-3 از نوع آلفالینولنیک‌اسید می‌باشد. این گیاه نسبت به کودی که در نزدیکی ساقه ریخته می‌شود حساس است، بنابراین تغذیه برگی عناصر غذایی به عنوان یک روش‌ کارآمد با تأثیرگذاری عمده بر رشد، کمیت و کیفیت مواد مؤثره این محصول به‌کار می‌رود. پژوهش حاضر در مزرعه گیاهان دارویی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه طی سال 1398 جهت ارزیابی اثر محلول‌پاشی غلظت های مختلف بوریک‌اسید، سالسیلیک‌اسید و اوره در ساعات مختلف روز به منظور افزایش کمیت و کیفیت اسیدهای چرب ضروری به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها به فواصل ده روز در سه دوره پس از شروع گلدهی اعمال و برداشت نهایی جهت استخراج روغن توسط حلال نرمال هگزان پس از رسیدن کپسول‌ها انجام گرفت. درصد پروفایل اسیدهای چرب روغن کتان با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگراف گازی و کروماتوگراف گازی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی تعیین شد. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده محلول‌پاشی 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سالیسیلیک‌اسید بعد از غروب بر درصد آلفالینولنیک‌اسید و 3 ‌گرم در لیتر بوریک‌اسید بعد از غروب بر لینولئیک‌اسید، 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سالیسیلیک‌اسید قبل از طلوع بر ایکوزادی‌انوئیک‌اسید و 5 گرم در لیتر اوره بعد از غروب بر پالمیتولئیک‌اسید مؤثر واقع شد. همچنین می‌توان گفت ترکیبی از اثرات محیط بر گیاه قبل و حین محلول‌پاشی و فیزیولوژی گیاه در هنگام جذب و پس از جذب، بر میزان تأثیر ماده محلول‌پاشی شده تأثیرگذار است. تفاصيل المقالة
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        3 - Comparative GC-MS Analysis, Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Garcinia kola Heckel seed and stem-bark n-hexane extract
        سیده آکورو اوینلاد اوگوندار آدکونله اویدولا
        Background & Aim: Garcinia kola is one of the well-known tropical medicinal plants known in the traditional management of several diseases especially connected with inflammatory and degenerative diseases. This study was designed to compare the phytochemical contents أکثر
        Background & Aim: Garcinia kola is one of the well-known tropical medicinal plants known in the traditional management of several diseases especially connected with inflammatory and degenerative diseases. This study was designed to compare the phytochemical contents and cytotoxic activities of crude G. kola n-hexane seed and stem-bark extracts by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS).Experimental: Fresh seeds and stem-bark of G. kola were collected, authenticated and extracted by macerating in n-hexane separately. The compounds in the crude extracts were evaluated using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The cytotoxic activity was determined using the brine shrimp lethality assay.Results: Extraction of the plant materials yielded the crude n-hexane extracts GKSE and GKBE from the G. kola seed and stem-bark, respectively. GC-MS analysis detected 54 and 34 compounds in GKSE and GKBE, respectively. The most abundant compounds in both extracts were Lanosta-8,24-dien-3-one and Oxacycloheptadec-8-en-2-one with percentage abundance of 20.72% and 22.71%, respectively. The stem-back extract (LC50=42.76±1.85 μg/mL) showed better cytotoxic activity than the seed extract (LC50=73.15±1.51 μg/mL). GC-MS results for both extracts indicated compounds known for their antioxidant and anticancer properties which may explain some of the various ethno-medical uses of G. kola seed and stem-bark.Recommended applications/industries: This plant could be a source of a new anticancer drug. تفاصيل المقالة
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        4 - Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Essential Oil of Arabian Jasmine (<i>Jasminum sambac</i>) Flowers Harvested from Pothohar Region of Pakistan
        Malik Abid Mahmood Muhammad Saeed Naveed Ahmad
        The essential oil extracted by n-Hexane solvent extraction and hydro-distillation of Arabian jasmine flowers collected from Pothohar region was analyzed by GC/MS. Concrete oil recovery on fresh petal weight basis was 1.78 g (0.17%) and absolute oil recovery from this co أکثر
        The essential oil extracted by n-Hexane solvent extraction and hydro-distillation of Arabian jasmine flowers collected from Pothohar region was analyzed by GC/MS. Concrete oil recovery on fresh petal weight basis was 1.78 g (0.17%) and absolute oil recovery from this concrete was 0.09%. Essential oil recovery in hydro-distillation was 0.08 g (0.008%). The colour of absolute oil was very light brown. The readings for specific gravity, congealing point of concrete and refractive index of essential oil were 0.89, 57&deg;C and 1.37, respectively. Overall 35 compounds were identified. Main components (&gt;5%) were benzyl benzoate (15.63%), jasmine (9.90%), linalool (8.58%), isophytol (7.56%), geranyl linalool (6.07%), phytol (5.75%) and palmitic acid (5.01%). Other constituents varied from less than 1% to 5%. تفاصيل المقالة