فهرس المقالات Varroa destructor

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  1 - مطالعه اثر کشندگی تنفسی اسانس 4 گونه مرزه چند ساله بر کنه واروآ و زنبور عسل ایرانی در زنبورستان
  حمید پورخاقان علیرضا جلالی زند
  کنه واروآ یکی از خطرناک ترین آفات کلنی های زنبور عسل در سرتاسر جهان محسوب می شود. امروزه استفاده از ترکیبات طبیعی از قبیل اسانس های گیاهی به عنوان جایگزین مناسب برای ترکیبات شیمیایی در کنترل آفات مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. هدف این پژوهش بررسی میزان سمیت تدخینی اسانس چهار أکثر

  کنه واروآ یکی از خطرناک ترین آفات کلنی های زنبور عسل در سرتاسر جهان محسوب می شود. امروزه استفاده از ترکیبات طبیعی از قبیل اسانس های گیاهی به عنوان جایگزین مناسب برای ترکیبات شیمیایی در کنترل آفات مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. هدف این پژوهش بررسی میزان سمیت تدخینی اسانس چهار گونه مرزه چند ساله بر مرگ و میر کنه واروآ و زنبور عسل ایرانی در زنبورستان بود. نتایج آزمون سمیت روی کنه واروآ نشان داد که کنه به ترتیب بیشترین حساسیت را نسبت به اسانس مرزه خوزستانی، مرزه رشینگری، مرزه موتیکا و مرزه بختیاری داشت. مقادیر LC50 محاسبه شده برای اسانس مرزه خوزستانی و مرزه رشینگری به ترتیب 6/151 و 77/161 پی پی ام برای کنه واروآ و 22/328 و 7/337 پی پی ام برای زنبور عسل بود. تجزیه کیفی اسانس‌ها نشان داد که فراوانترین ترکیب اسانس ها در هر چهار گونه مرزه خوزستانی، مرزه رشینگری، مرزه بختیاری و مرزه موتیکا کارواکرول بود. مرزه خوزستانی و مرزه رشینگری به ترتیب با 5/93 و 8/88 درصد بیشترین میزان کارواکرول را داشتند. به طور کلی، اسانس این دو گونه از قابلیت بالایی برای کنترل کنه واروآ برخوردار بودند. تفاصيل المقالة
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  2 - Molecular Screening of Varroa-Resistant Trait of Honey Bee Colonies based on <i>NorpA2</i> Candidate Gene Polymorphism: A Genetic Case-Control Study
  B. Sepehri S. Alijani A. Javanmard H. Johnmohammadi K. Hasanpur
  In recent years the Varroa destructor mite has been a dominant challenge for honey bee colonies, worldwide. Varroa- sensitive hygiene, a behavioral characteristic of honey bee, involves the detection and removal of Varroa larvae from the colony. It has been exploited as أکثر

  In recent years the Varroa destructor mite has been a dominant challenge for honey bee colonies, worldwide. Varroa- sensitive hygiene, a behavioral characteristic of honey bee, involves the detection and removal of Varroa larvae from the colony. It has been exploited as a recordable trait for Varroa resistance. The sense of smell is a key element in Varroa sensitive hygiene behavior. In this scenario, NorpA2 candidate gene, a putative olfactory receptor, is associated with vision and smell in honey bee and is known as a candidate gene for Varroa sensitive hygiene. With this motivation, the main goal of the current work was to determine some single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers of NorpA2 candidate gene employing PCR sequencing in a case-control approach. To this end, after the identification of resistant (RES) and susceptible (SUS) colonies according to the percentage of infections of the drone pupae to Varroa mite, a total of 10 drone pupae (5 from SUS and 5 from RES) were selected and were subjected for DNA isolation. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed based on two pairs of specific primers for the amplification of 5&cent; untranslated region (5&cent;UTR) and promoter regions of NorpA2 gene. After expected size bands were observed, the purification process and Sanger sequencing of the PCR products were carried out. The sequencing results were quality checked and the alignment and clustering were done using the BLAST and MAFTT software, respectively. Sequences of both UTR and promoter regions displayed multiple variations (SNP, deletion). Interestingly, the results showed the existence of three specific differences in sequence in the form of SNP (C/T) at position 308 and the form of SNP/deletion at positions 504 and 563 of the nucleotide sequence region in the promoter between the SUS and RES groups. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the identification of biomarkers to control host-mite interaction in the honey bee Apis mellifera. Further research is required for the reported SNPs to be validated as biomarkers of resistance to Varroa. تفاصيل المقالة
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  3 - Expression of Suppression of Mite Reproduction in Drone Brood Cells of Honey Bees of Different Genotypic Groups in East Azarbaijan Province of Iran
  M. Elmi S.A. Rafat S. Alijani G. Tahmasbi A. Javanmard
  Varroa destructor is an ectoparasitic mite of the honey bee and is a primary cause of colony loss of apiculture in the world. The aim of this study was to determine infestation levels and the suppression of mite reproduction in drone brood cells of independent colonies. أکثر

  Varroa destructor is an ectoparasitic mite of the honey bee and is a primary cause of colony loss of apiculture in the world. The aim of this study was to determine infestation levels and the suppression of mite reproduction in drone brood cells of independent colonies. A number of East Azarbaijan native honey bee colonies were isolated for three years without treating against varroa. Then, seven genotypic groups were prepared with three colonies in each group: native survivors, F1 generation of Carniolan colonies, H1 generation of survivor &times; commercial, H1 generation of Carniolan &times; survivor and commercial native colonies originated from three different regions of Maragheh, Bostan-Abad, and Varzeghan in the East Azarbaijan province. A total of 3268 fifteen to eighteen-days old drone pupae from twenty-one colonies were assessed for infestation and suppression of mite reproduction. The mean of drone pupae infestation percentage, reproducing mite percentage, mites reproducing more than three offsprings percentage, and fecundity number were found to be 45.20%, 76.13%, 40.69%, and 2.215, respectively. Significant differences were observed in the four studied traits between the understudy groups. The survivor group had the lowest mite infestation level and fertility (14.2% and 68.6%, respectively). Native commercials originated from the above three mentioned regions in the East Azarbaijan province had lower fecundity and lower number of mites reproducing more than three offsprings than other groups. Our results suggest that establishing varroa surviving colonies from native colonies can reduce varroa infestation and enhance the levels of suppression of mite reproduction (SMR). Moreover, a significant variation was observed within and between understudy groups in the colonies. Therefore, it can be concluded that selective breeding programs can enhance the levels of SMR. تفاصيل المقالة