فهرس المقالات Euclidean distance

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  1 - Reconstruction of contour lines during the digitization of contour maps to build a digital elevation model
  Aroj Subedi Pradip Ganesh Sandip Mishra
  Contour map has contour lines that are significant in building a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). During the digitization and pre-processing of contour maps, the contour line intersects with each other or break apart resulting in broken contour segments. These broken segm أکثر

  Contour map has contour lines that are significant in building a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). During the digitization and pre-processing of contour maps, the contour line intersects with each other or break apart resulting in broken contour segments. These broken segments impose a greater risk while building DEM leading to a faulty model. In this project, a simple yet efficient mechanism is used to match and reconnect the endpoints of the broken segments accurately and efficiently. The matching of the endpoints is done using the concept of minimum Euclidean distance and gradient direction while the Cubic Hermite spline interpolation technique is used to reconnect the endpoints by estimating the values using a mathematical function that minimizes overall surface curvature resulting in a smooth curve. The purpose of this work is to reconnect the broken contour lines generated during the digitization of the contour map, to help build the most appropriate digital elevation model for the corresponding contour map. تفاصيل المقالة
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  2 - تدوین دندروگرام‌های سبد سهام بر اساس معیار فاصله اقلیدسی (مقایسه‌ای بین روش‌های گوناگون خوشه‌بندی سلسله مراتبی)
  حجت اله صادقی شریفه فروغی دهنوی
  امروزه تجزیه‌وتحلیل بازارهای مالی به‌عنوان بخشی از بازار سرمایه و تأثیر آن در توسعه و طراحی پرتفوی و استراتژی سرمایه‌گذاری هر کشور، به موضوعی مهم و بسیار حیاتی تبدیل گشته است. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی چگونگی ارتباط و توزیع سهم‌های مربوط به شاخص 30 شرکت بزرگ بورس اوراق به أکثر

  امروزه تجزیه‌وتحلیل بازارهای مالی به‌عنوان بخشی از بازار سرمایه و تأثیر آن در توسعه و طراحی پرتفوی و استراتژی سرمایه‌گذاری هر کشور، به موضوعی مهم و بسیار حیاتی تبدیل گشته است. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی چگونگی ارتباط و توزیع سهم‌های مربوط به شاخص 30 شرکت بزرگ بورس اوراق بهادار تهران و اثرات ارتباطی بین خوشه‌های حاصل از سهم‌های مرتبط با هر صنعت است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از انواع روش‌های خوشه‌بندی سلسله مراتبی، ساختار، طبقه‌بندی و سلسله‌مراتب این سهم‌ها در سال 1393 موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. نتایج نشان داد که با تمرکز بر هر یک از روش‌های خوشه‌بندی سلسله مراتبی و پیاده‌سازی آن‌ها بر روی سهم‌های موردنظر، خوشه‌های مختلفی از سهام با توجه به شباهت و روابط اقتصادی و حوزه صنعت مربوط به هر سهم شناسایی گردید و همچنین خوشه‌های کلیدی و سهم‌های حیاتی در مجموعه موردنظر به دست آمد. درمجموع نتایج حاکی از آن است که انتخاب بهترین روش خوشه‌بندی سلسله مراتبی برای خوشه‌بندی سهم‌ها، به هدف موردنظر از تجزیه‌وتحلیل خوشه‌ای و در نظر گرفتن مزایا و معایب هر روش بستگی دارد. تفاصيل المقالة
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  3 - Disguised Face Recognition by Using Local Phase Quantization and Singular Value Decomposition
  Fatemeh Jafari Hamidreza Rashidy Kanan
  Disguised face recognition is a major challenge in the field of face recognition which has been taken less attention. Therefore, in this paper a disguised face recognition algorithm based on Local Phase Quantization (LPQ) method and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is أکثر

  Disguised face recognition is a major challenge in the field of face recognition which has been taken less attention. Therefore, in this paper a disguised face recognition algorithm based on Local Phase Quantization (LPQ) method and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is presented which deals with two main challenges. The first challenge is when an individual intentionally alters the appearance by using disguise accessories, and the second one is when gallery images are limited for recognition. LPQ has been used for extraction of the statistical feature of the phase in windows with different sizes for each pixel of the image. SVD is used to cope with the challenge of the gallery images limitation and also with the help of original images extracted from that, every single image turns to three renovated images. In this study, disguise is intended as a blur in the image and Local phase quantization method is robust against the disguised mode, due to the use of the statistical feature of the Fourier transform phase. Also the use of different-sized window instead of fixed window in feature extraction stage, the performance of the proposed method has increased. The distance of images from each other is computed by using Manhattan and Euclidean distance for recognition in the proposed method. The Performance of the proposed algorithm has been evaluated by using three series of experiments on two real and synthesized databases. The first test has been performed by evaluating all the possible combinations of the different-sized windows created in the feature extraction stage, and the second experiment has been done by reducing the number of gallery images and then the third one has been carried out in different disguise. In all cases, the proposed method is competitive with to several existing well-known algorithms and when there is only an image of the person it even outperforms them. تفاصيل المقالة
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  4 - Recognizing Ecological Species Groups and their Relationships with Environmental Factors at Chamanbid-Jozak Protected Area, North Khorasan Province, Iran
  Mohabat Nadaf hamid Ejtehadi Mansour Mesdaghi Mohamad Farzam
  Classification of Ecological Species Groups (ESG) in plant community analysis is one method to describe vegetation and relating them to environmental factors. This study was conducted to recognize ESG and their relationships with some environmental factors in Chamanbid- أکثر

  Classification of Ecological Species Groups (ESG) in plant community analysis is one method to describe vegetation and relating them to environmental factors. This study was conducted to recognize ESG and their relationships with some environmental factors in Chamanbid-Jozak protected area from 2014 to 2016. This area is located in the eastern part of North Khorasan province, Iran. The study area contains steppe vegetation with some woodlands and shrubs of Paliurus spina–christi, Cerasus pseudoprostrata, and Cerasus microcarpa. To recognize ESG, a systematic-random sampling, by using 1 m2 Sampling Unit (SU), was carried out to provide a matrix of 74 sampling units and 42 species. Canopy cover percentage of different species was recorded in each SU. Physiographical, physical, and chemical factors, including altitude, slope, soil texture, gravel percentages, Organic Carbon (OC), Nitrogen (N), Potassium (K), lime, soil acidity (pH), Phosphorus (P), and Electrical Conductivity (EC) were measured. Euclidean distance and Ward's method of clustering were used to classify the plant species. Six ESG were detected in clustering and indicator species analyses. The relationships among these ESG and environmental factors were analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The first ESG consisting four indicator species was influenced by organic carbon and K of almost f.0 fertile soils. ESG2 and ESG3 consisting four and one, indicator species, respectively. These ESG were only slightly affected by phosphorus and less by environmental factors evaluated in this study. ESG4, including eight indicator species was mostly affected by environmental factors such as altitude, slope, pH, and N. Both ESG5 and ESG6 were affected by gravel percentages. ESG classification of vegetation for sound and proper resource management in future via using long-term projects is recommended. تفاصيل المقالة