• فهرس المقالات Drying methods

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        1 - بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی، زمان برداشت و روش خشک کردن توده‌های گیاه دارویی (Mentha piperita L.) بر اساس صفات فیتوشیمیایی
        زهرا بشیرزاده مهدی محب الدینی رقیه فتحی سید یعقوب سید معصومی
        نعناع‌فلفلیMentha piperita L. گیاهی از خانواده نعنائیان Lamiaceae و نام رایج Peppermint یکی از گیاهان مهم و ارزشمند در صنایع غذایی، دارویی، آرایشی و بهداشتی است که انجام مطالعات فیتوشیمیایی بیش‌تر بر روی آن ضروری می‌باشد. این آزمایش بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با س أکثر
        نعناع‌فلفلیMentha piperita L. گیاهی از خانواده نعنائیان Lamiaceae و نام رایج Peppermint یکی از گیاهان مهم و ارزشمند در صنایع غذایی، دارویی، آرایشی و بهداشتی است که انجام مطالعات فیتوشیمیایی بیش‌تر بر روی آن ضروری می‌باشد. این آزمایش بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در محل اداره ایستگاه تحیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی شهرستان مشگین‌شهر در سال 1400 اجرا شد. در این تحقیق توده‌های مختلف نعناع‌فلفلی از مناطق مختلف ایران جمع‌آوری و کشت گردید و بررسی صفات فیتوشیمیایی در مرحله نیمه گلدهی انجام شد. همچنین اسانس مواد گیاهی در مرحله نیمه گلدهی و تمام گلدهی به روش تقطیر با آب و با استفاده از دستگاه کلونجر استخراج گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد، میزان کلروفیل a و میزان اسانس در مرحله 50 و 100 درصد گلدهی و خشک کردن در دمای آون 40 درجه سانتی‌گراد تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح احتمال 1 درصد وجود داشت و بین آنتوسیانین، فلاونوئید، کارتنوئید، میزان اسانس در مرحله 50 و 100 درصد گلدهی و خشک شده در سایه تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت. بر اساس نتایج مقایسه میانگین‌ها میزان آنتوسیانین بین 0/93 تا 2/37 میلی‌گرم بر گرم، فلاونوئید 0/94 تا 2/95 میلی‌گرم بر گرم، میزان اسانس در مرحله 50 درصد گلدهی و خشک شده در سایه 0/44 تا 2/06 درصد متغییر بود و آنالیز اسانس‌ها هم نشان داد که بیشترین میزان اسانس در مرحله تمام گلدهی و خشک شده در سایه (3/88 درصد) و در توده نورآباد به دست آمد و کمترین میزان اسانس هم در مرحله 50 درصد گلدهی و خشک شده در سایه (0/44 درصد) و در توده تبریز مشاهده گردید. نتایج همبستگی بین صفات نشان داد که بیشترین میزان همبستگی بین صفات کلروفیل b با کارتنوئید (0/98) مشاهده شد. نورآباد، اردبیل، زنجان و همدان نسبت به بقیه توده‌ها برتر بودند. بنابرین می‌توان از توده‌های برتر در برنامه‌های اصلاحی به منظور تولید ارقام بهتر از لحاظ میزان اسانس استفاده کرد. تفاصيل المقالة
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        2 - Effect of Different Drying Methods on Some Biochemical Properties of Iranian Ox-tongue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.)
        آرش سعیدی حسینعلی اسدی قارنه
        Background & Aim:Iranian ox-tongue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.) is an endemic Iranian medicinal plant belongs to Boraginaceae family. The violet-blue petals of this plant have been used in traditional medicine. Drying is one of the most critical and fundamenta أکثر
        Background & Aim:Iranian ox-tongue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.) is an endemic Iranian medicinal plant belongs to Boraginaceae family. The violet-blue petals of this plant have been used in traditional medicine. Drying is one of the most critical and fundamental operations in the post-harvest processing of medicinal plants. Experimental: This research was carried out in Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch in 2015. The experiment was arranged based on completely randomized design with three repetitions. Drying methods are including sun and shade drying, oven-drying (45, 65 and 85∘C) and microwave drying (200, 300 and 400 W). Drying time of Iranian Ox-tongue petals and some biochemical properties such as total chlorophyll, the amount of carotenoids, anthocyanin content and total flavonoids were measured. Results: The results showed that different drying methods had significant effects on drying time, chlorophyll, carotenoids, total flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of Iranian ox-tongue petals. The maximum and minimum drying times were measured in shade drying and microwave 400 W, respectively. The anthocyanin content gradually decreased with the increase of oven temperatures and microwave powers. Also shade drying method had the highest amount of total chlorophyll and carotenoids. Generally, regarding the biochemical composition, traditional shade drying is the optimum method for dying of Iranian ox-tongue petals. Recommended applications/industries: According to this study, shade drying could be recommended in terms of qualitative characteristics of mentioned medicinal plant. تفاصيل المقالة
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        3 - Effect of different drying methods on quantity and quality of active substances of Purple coneflower (Echinacea purpureae L.)
        طالب قبائی سمیه نظیرزاده حسن نورافکن
        Background & Aim: The genus Echinacea (family Asteraceae), commonly known as purple coneflower, is an important medicinal plant that has been used for centuries, customarily as a treatment for the common cold, coughs, bronchitis, upper respiratory infections, and so أکثر
        Background & Aim: The genus Echinacea (family Asteraceae), commonly known as purple coneflower, is an important medicinal plant that has been used for centuries, customarily as a treatment for the common cold, coughs, bronchitis, upper respiratory infections, and some inflammatory conditions . The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of six different methods of drying to obtain the highest of active substances from Echinacea purpurea. Experimental: To determine the effect of drying methods on quantity and quality of active substances, the samples were dried with six drying methods (sun, shade, greenhouse and industrial-drying at 50° C, 60° C and 80 ° C). Active substances of aerial parts were extracted by ultrasonic method and the amounts caffeic acid derivatives, alkamides (8/9) were measured by using high performance liquid chromatography analysis, and also total phenolics determined with spectrophotometer. Results: The results showed that different drying methods had significant effects on active substances. Samples dried in greenhouse had higher amounts of chlorogenic acid (3.18 mg/g.dw), echinacoside (4.29 mg/g.dw), cynarin (1.55 mg/g.dw) and total phenols contents (363 mg / g.dw). Also, samples dried in shade had higher amounts of caftaric acid (25.8 mg / g.dw), cichoric acid (36.57 mg / g.dw) and alkamides (361.1 μg / g.dw). Recommended applications/ industries: Greenhouse drying and shade-drying were proper methods of drying to achieve more amounts of active compounds in E. purpurea. تفاصيل المقالة
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        4 - Effect of oven and shade drying methods on essential oil yield and chemical composition of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff.
        فرنام میرحسینی مهدی رحیم ملک عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی
        Background & Aim: Kelussiaodoratissima Mozaff is a valuable plant of Apiaceae family that is used as medicinal and aromatic herb. According to the importance of drying treatment on quality and quantity of essential oil, the effect of different drying methods on esse أکثر
        Background & Aim: Kelussiaodoratissima Mozaff is a valuable plant of Apiaceae family that is used as medicinal and aromatic herb. According to the importance of drying treatment on quality and quantity of essential oil, the effect of different drying methods on essential oil yield and chemical composition of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff was examined in this research. Experimental: This research done in completely randomized design with three replications at Research Center for Medicinal Plants, I.A.U., Shahrekord Branch, Iran. Drying methods, included air drying at shade and ambient temperature, oven 45 °C and fresh sample. The hydro-distillation essential oil was analyzed using GC and GC/MS. Results & Discussion: The results indicated that there was significant difference among drying methods on the essential oil yield and chemical composition. The main component was (Z)-ligustilide that significantly increased in oven-drying (68.3%), while this compound significantly decreased in fresh sample (16.6%). The main compound in fresh sample was thymol with 12.3% that had significant difference with drying treatments. Recommended applications/industries: The results indicated the positive effect drying methodology on essential oil content and oil compositions of Kelussiaodoratissima. تفاصيل المقالة