darianavard, behnaz, پرهيزكار, زرين‌تاج , Arman, Seyed Ebrahin. A study of the manifestations of the fluidity of place in the novels "Beirut" by Ghada Al-Samman and "Who Believes Rostam?" by Ruhangizh Sharifian. Rays of Criticism in Arabic and Persian. 2025;14(54):-.