ارتقاء عملکرد سلول خورشیدی مبتنی بر کادمیوم تلوراید با استفاده از ترکیبات ZnCdS/NiO و ZnO برای لایه های ETL/HTL و TCO
الموضوعات :
ابراهیم عموپور
1
,
جواد حسن زاده کلاشمی
2
,
علی عبداله زاده ضیابری
3
,
پیمان عظیمی انارکی
4
1 - گروه فیزیک- واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران
2 - گروه فیزیک- واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران
3 - آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی نانو- واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران
4 - گروه فیزیک- واحد تاکستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تاکستان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: سلول خورشیدی, اکسید رسانای شفاف, سلول خورشیدی کادمیوم تلوراید, لایه‌های ترابردکننده الکترون/حفره,
ملخص المقالة :
سلول خورشیدی کادمیوم تلوراید (CdTe) به دلیل کارایی بالا، هزینه کم و پایداری بالا شناخته شده است. در این مقاله، شبیه‌سازی سلول خورشیدی مبتنی بر کادمیوم تلوراید (ZnO/ZnCdS/CdTe/NiO/Al) ارائه شده است. لایه های ZnCdS،NiO و ZnO به ترتیب به عنوان لایه های ترابردکننده الکترون/حفره (ETL/HTL) و اکسید رسانای شفاف (TCO) استفاده شده اند. برای ارزیابی عملکرد سلول خورشیدی چند پیوندی کادمیوم تلوراید از نرم افزار شبیه سازی SCAPS-1D استفاده شد. این نرم افزار قادر به تجزیه و تحلیل کارایی با پارامترهای مختلف سلول خورشیدی کادمیوم تلوراید است. تأثیر ضخامت لایه ها، چگالی حامل ها، چگالی نقایص و چگالی نقایص پیوندگاه ZnCdS/CdTe بر عملکرد سلول خورشیدی نیز بررسی شد. سلول خورشیدی بهینه سازی شده با ولتاژ مدار باز(VOC) 095/1 ولت، چگالی جریان اتصال کوتاه (JSC) 22/27 میلی-آمپر بر سانتی متر مربع و ضریب پری (FF) 14/88 درصد و بیشینه بازده تبدیل انرژی (PCE) 3/26 درصد را نشان داد که امیدواری بسیار بالایی را در استحصال انرژی خورشیدی نشان می‌دهد.
[1] J. Huang, S. Xiang, J. Yu, C.-Zhi Li, "Highly efficient prismatic perovskite solar cells", Energy and Environmental Science, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 929-937, Nov. 2019 (doi: 10.1039/C8EE02575D).
[2] Y. Wang, Q. Fan, X. Guo, W. Li, B. Guo, W. Su, X. Ou, M. Zhang, "High-performance nonfullerene polymer solar cells based on a fluorinated wide bandgap copolymer with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.04 V", Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol. 5, no. 42, pp. 22180–22185, Sept. 2017 (doi: 10.1039/C7TA07785H).
[3] Z. Yi, N.H. Ladi, X. Shai, H. Li, Y. Shen, M. Wang, "Will organic–inorganic hybrid halide lead perovskites be eliminated from optoelectronic applications?" Nanoscale Advances, vol. 1, pp. 1276–1289, Jan. 2019 (doi: 10.1039/C8NA00416A).
[4] S. Ahmmed, A. Aktar, M.F. Rahman, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "A numerical simulation of high efficiency CdS/CdTe solar cell using NiO HTL and ZnO TCO", Optik, vol. 223, Article Number: 165625, Dec. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165625).
[5] L.I. Nykyruy, R.S. Yavorskyi, Z.R. Zapukhlyak, G. Wisz, P. Potera, "Evaluation of CdS/CdTe thin flm solar cells: SCAPS thickness simulation and analysis of optical properties", Optical Materials (Amst), vol. 92, pp. 319–329, June 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.04.029).
[6] S. Du, L. Zhu, W. Li, J. Zhang, L. Wu, W. Wang, "Bilayered ZnTe/Cu1.4Te alloy thin films as a back contact for CdTe solar cells", Solar Energy, vol. 185, pp. 262–269, June 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.052).
[7] J. Qi, W. Liu, C. Biswas, G. Zhang, L. Sun, Z. Wang, X. Hu, Y. Zhang, "Enhanced power conversion effciency of CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanowire arrays as the photoanodes", Optics Communications, vol. 349, pp. 198–202, Aug. 2015 (doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2015.03.060).
[8] J. Liu, X. Liu, K. Yang, S. He, H. Lu, B. Li, G. Zeng, J. Zhang, W. Li, L. Wu, L. Feng, "Preparation and characterization of pulsed laser deposited Sb2Te3 back contact for CdTe thin flm solar cell", Applied Surface Science, vol. 453, pp. 126–131, Sept. 2018 (doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.05.075).
[9] S. Ahmmed, A. Aktar, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "Enhancing the open circuit voltage of the SnS based heterojunction solar cell using NiO HTL", Solar Energy, vol. 207, pp. 693–702, Sept. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.003).
[10] A. Kuddus, M.F. Rahman, S. Ahmmed, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "Role of facile synthesized V2O5 as hole transport layer for CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cell: validation of simulation using experimental data", Superlattices Microstruct, vol. 132, Article Number: 106168, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2019.106168).
[11] S. Boudour, I. Bouchama, M. Hadjab, S. Laidoudi, "Optimization of defected ZnO/Si/Cu2O heterostructure solar cell", Optical Materials (Amst), vol. 98, Article Number: 109433, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.109433).
[12] M.I. Hossain, F.H. Alharbi, N. Tabet, "Copper oxide as inorganic hole transport material for lead halide perovskite based solar cells", Solar Energy, vol. 120, pp. 370–380, Oct. 2015. (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2015.07.040).
[13] F.F. Muhammad, K. Sulaiman,"Photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells based on DH6T/PCBM
thin film active layers", Thin Solid Films, vol. 519, pp. 5230-5233, May 2011. (doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.01.165).
[14] M. Yue, J. Su, P. Zhao, Z. Lin, J. Zhang, J. Chang, Y. Hao, "Optimizing the performance of CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cells via doping a ZnO electron transport layer coupled with interface engineering", Nano-Micro Letters, vol. 11, Article Number: 91, Oct. 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s40820-019-0320-y)
[15] J.P. Long, V.M. Bermudez, "Band bending and photoemission-induced surface photovoltages on clean n- and p-GaN (0001) surfaces", Physical Review B. vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 121308, Sept. 2002 (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.121308)
[16] O.M. Hussain, P.S. Reddy, B.S. Naidu, S. Uthanna, P.J. Reddy, "Characterization of thin film ZnCdS/CdTe Solar cells", Semiconductor Sience. and Technology, vol. 6, no. 7, Article Number: 690, 1991 (doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/6/7/023).
[17] M.S. Hossain, K.S. Rahman, M.R. Karim, M.O. Aijaz, M.A. Dar, M.A. Shar, H. Misran, N. Amin, "Impact of CdTe thin film thickness in ZnxCd1–xS/CdTe solar cell by RF sputtering", Solar Energy, vol. 180, pp. 559–566, 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.019).
[18] M. S. Hossain, N. Amin, T. Razykov, "Prospects of back contacts with back surface fields in high efficiency ZnxCd1–xS/CdTe solar cells from numerical modelling", Chalcogenide Letters, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 187–197, 2011.
[19] S.M.S. Hasheminassab, M. Imanieh, A. Kamali, S.A. Emamghorashi, S. Hassanhasseini, "Increased light absorption in CIGS solar cells with plasmonic Ag nanostructures to increase efficiency", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 12, no. 45, pp. 35-49, Spring 2021 (in Persian).
_||_
[1] J. Huang, S. Xiang, J. Yu, C.-Zhi Li, "Highly efficient prismatic perovskite solar cells", Energy and Environmental Science, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 929-937, Nov. 2019 (doi: 10.1039/C8EE02575D).
[2] Y. Wang, Q. Fan, X. Guo, W. Li, B. Guo, W. Su, X. Ou, M. Zhang, "High-performance nonfullerene polymer solar cells based on a fluorinated wide bandgap copolymer with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.04 V", Journal of Materials Chemistry A, vol. 5, no. 42, pp. 22180–22185, Sept. 2017 (doi: 10.1039/C7TA07785H).
[3] Z. Yi, N.H. Ladi, X. Shai, H. Li, Y. Shen, M. Wang, "Will organic–inorganic hybrid halide lead perovskites be eliminated from optoelectronic applications?" Nanoscale Advances, vol. 1, pp. 1276–1289, Jan. 2019 (doi: 10.1039/C8NA00416A).
[4] S. Ahmmed, A. Aktar, M.F. Rahman, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "A numerical simulation of high efficiency CdS/CdTe solar cell using NiO HTL and ZnO TCO", Optik, vol. 223, Article Number: 165625, Dec. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2020.165625).
[5] L.I. Nykyruy, R.S. Yavorskyi, Z.R. Zapukhlyak, G. Wisz, P. Potera, "Evaluation of CdS/CdTe thin flm solar cells: SCAPS thickness simulation and analysis of optical properties", Optical Materials (Amst), vol. 92, pp. 319–329, June 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.04.029).
[6] S. Du, L. Zhu, W. Li, J. Zhang, L. Wu, W. Wang, "Bilayered ZnTe/Cu1.4Te alloy thin films as a back contact for CdTe solar cells", Solar Energy, vol. 185, pp. 262–269, June 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.052).
[7] J. Qi, W. Liu, C. Biswas, G. Zhang, L. Sun, Z. Wang, X. Hu, Y. Zhang, "Enhanced power conversion effciency of CdS quantum dot sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanowire arrays as the photoanodes", Optics Communications, vol. 349, pp. 198–202, Aug. 2015 (doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2015.03.060).
[8] J. Liu, X. Liu, K. Yang, S. He, H. Lu, B. Li, G. Zeng, J. Zhang, W. Li, L. Wu, L. Feng, "Preparation and characterization of pulsed laser deposited Sb2Te3 back contact for CdTe thin flm solar cell", Applied Surface Science, vol. 453, pp. 126–131, Sept. 2018 (doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.05.075).
[9] S. Ahmmed, A. Aktar, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "Enhancing the open circuit voltage of the SnS based heterojunction solar cell using NiO HTL", Solar Energy, vol. 207, pp. 693–702, Sept. 2020 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2020.07.003).
[10] A. Kuddus, M.F. Rahman, S. Ahmmed, J. Hossain, A.B.M. Ismail, "Role of facile synthesized V2O5 as hole transport layer for CdS/CdTe heterojunction solar cell: validation of simulation using experimental data", Superlattices Microstruct, vol. 132, Article Number: 106168, Aug. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.spmi.2019.106168).
[11] S. Boudour, I. Bouchama, M. Hadjab, S. Laidoudi, "Optimization of defected ZnO/Si/Cu2O heterostructure solar cell", Optical Materials (Amst), vol. 98, Article Number: 109433, Dec. 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2019.109433).
[12] M.I. Hossain, F.H. Alharbi, N. Tabet, "Copper oxide as inorganic hole transport material for lead halide perovskite based solar cells", Solar Energy, vol. 120, pp. 370–380, Oct. 2015. (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2015.07.040).
[13] F.F. Muhammad, K. Sulaiman,"Photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells based on DH6T/PCBM
thin film active layers", Thin Solid Films, vol. 519, pp. 5230-5233, May 2011. (doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.01.165).
[14] M. Yue, J. Su, P. Zhao, Z. Lin, J. Zhang, J. Chang, Y. Hao, "Optimizing the performance of CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cells via doping a ZnO electron transport layer coupled with interface engineering", Nano-Micro Letters, vol. 11, Article Number: 91, Oct. 2019 (doi: 10.1007/s40820-019-0320-y)
[15] J.P. Long, V.M. Bermudez, "Band bending and photoemission-induced surface photovoltages on clean n- and p-GaN (0001) surfaces", Physical Review B. vol. 66, no. 12, pp. 121308, Sept. 2002 (doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.121308)
[16] O.M. Hussain, P.S. Reddy, B.S. Naidu, S. Uthanna, P.J. Reddy, "Characterization of thin film ZnCdS/CdTe Solar cells", Semiconductor Sience. and Technology, vol. 6, no. 7, Article Number: 690, 1991 (doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/6/7/023).
[17] M.S. Hossain, K.S. Rahman, M.R. Karim, M.O. Aijaz, M.A. Dar, M.A. Shar, H. Misran, N. Amin, "Impact of CdTe thin film thickness in ZnxCd1–xS/CdTe solar cell by RF sputtering", Solar Energy, vol. 180, pp. 559–566, 2019 (doi: 10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.019).
[18] M. S. Hossain, N. Amin, T. Razykov, "Prospects of back contacts with back surface fields in high efficiency ZnxCd1–xS/CdTe solar cells from numerical modelling", Chalcogenide Letters, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 187–197, 2011.
[19] S.M.S. Hasheminassab, M. Imanieh, A. Kamali, S.A. Emamghorashi, S. Hassanhasseini, "Increased light absorption in CIGS solar cells with plasmonic Ag nanostructures to increase efficiency", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 12, no. 45, pp. 35-49, Spring 2021 (in Persian).
