The Computational Study of Number of Shot Particles and Distance Effects on Residual Stress and Mechanical Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy after Shot Peening Process: Molecular Dynamics Approach
الموضوعات :Ali Moradi 1 , Ali Heidari 2 , Kamran Amini 3 , Farshid Aghadavoudi 4 , Reza Abedinzadeh 5
1 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr/Isfahan, Iran
2 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr/Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr/Isfahan, Iran
4 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr/Isfahan, Iran
5 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr/Isfahan, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Residual stress, Shot Peening, Lennard-Jones potential, Interatomic Force-field, Mechanical Improvement, Embedded Atom Model,
ملخص المقالة :
Various parameters can affect shot peening such as the number of particles and distance between particles and the surface layer. In this computational study, these parameters' effects on the creation of residual stress and mechanical behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were described. For this purpose, Molecular Dynamics (MD) method is applied in two main steps. First, the simulated titanium surface was equilibrated for 1 ns. Next, the shot peening process was done on the equilibrated surface by using the various numbers of particles and distance. MD simulation results indicated, that by increasing the number of particles from 1 to 5, the mechanical behavior of the titanium surface was improved, and residual stress and hardness of the surface increased and reached 452.02 MPa and 494.46 HV in model 1 (Lj potential between particle and titanium surface), respectively. Furthermore, the results indicated that decreasing the distance from 15 Å to 5 Å led to increasing compressive residual stress and hardness of titanium surface mechanical. Numerically, by decreasing the shot peening distance from 15 Å to 5 Å, residual stress and hardness of titanium surface layer increased and reached -419.63 MPa and 510.83 HV in model 1, respectively.
[1] Walker, J., Daniel, J. and Gao, Yi. 2017. Effects of shot peening and pre-strain on the fatigue life of dual phase Martensitic and Bainitic steels. Journal of Manufacturing Processes. 26: 419–424
[2] Verdian, M. 2017. Finishing and Post-Treatment of Thermal Spray Coatings. Comprehensive Materials Finishing. 191–206.
[3] Gencalp Irizalp, S. and Saklakoglu, N. 2017. Laser Peening of Metallic Materials. Comprehensive Materials Finishing. 408–440.
[4] Antunes, R. A. and de Oliveira, M. C. L. 2015. Effect of surface treatments on the fatigue life of magnesium and its alloys for biomedical applications. Surface Modification of Magnesium and Its Alloys for Biomedical Applications. 283–310.
[5] Ismail, S., Ahsan, Q., and Haseeb, A. S. M. A. 2017. Recent Advances in Mechanical Surface Treatment. Comprehensive Materials Finishing. 171–179
[6] Gariépy, A., Miao, H., and Lévesque, M. 2014. Peen Forming. Comprehensive Materials Processing. 295–329.
[7] Scholtes, B., and Vöhringer, O. 2016. Mechanical Surface Treatment. Reference Module in Materials Science and Materials Engineering.
[8] Oshida, Y. 2013. Surface Modifications. Bioscience and Bioengineering of Titanium Materials .341–456.
[9] Unal, O., Maleki, E., and Varol, R. 2018. Effect of severe shot peening and ultra-low temperature plasma nitriding on Ti-6Al-4V alloy. 150: 69–78.
[10] Kumar, S., Chattopadhyay, K., and Singh, V. 2017. Effect of ultrasonic shot peening on LCF behavior of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 724 187–197.
[11] Liu, Y. G., and Li, M. Q. 2018. Structure response characteristics and surface nanocrystallization mechanism of alpha phase in Ti-6Al-4V subjected to high energy shot peening. Journal of Alloys and Compounds.
[12] Yang, Q., Zhou, W., Niu, Z., Zheng, X., Wang, Q., Fu, X., and Li, Z. 2018. Effect of different surface asperities and surface hardness induced by shot-peening on the fretting wear behavior of Ti-6Al-4V. Surface and Coatings Technology. 349: 1098–1106.
[13] Winsberg, E. 2010. Science in the Age of Computer Simulation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
[14] Humphreys, P. 2004. Extending Ourselves: Computational Science, Empiricism, and Scientific Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[15] Schlick, T. 1996. Pursuing Laplace's Vision on Modern Computers. Mathematical Approaches to Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 82: 219–247.
[16] Alder, B. J. and Wainwright, T. E. 1959. Studies in Molecular Dynamics. I. General Method. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 31 (2): 49–466.
[17] Rahman, A. 1964. Correlations in the Motion of Atoms in Liquid Argon. Physical Review. 136 (2): 405–411.
[18] Moradi, A., heidari, A., Amini, K., Aghadavoudi, F. and Abedinzadeh, R. 2021. Molecular modeling of Ti-6Al-4V alloy shot peening: The effects of diameter and velocity of shot particles and force field on mechanical properties and residual stress. Model Simul Mat Sci Eng. 29: 065001
[19] Rida, A. 2017. Molecular dynamics investigations for surface mechanical attrition treatment. ICSP13 confrence.
[20] Plimpton, S. J., and Thompson, A. P. 2012. Computational aspects of many-body potentials. MRS Bulletin. 37(5): 513–521.
[21] Brown, W. M., Wang, P., Plimpton, S. J., and Tharrington, A. N. 2011. Implementing molecular dynamics on hybrid high-performance computers short-range forces. Computer Physics Communications. 182(4): 898–911.
[22] Haile, J. M. 2001. Molecular Dynamics Simulation: Elementary Methods.
[23] Andrew, L. 2001. Molecular Modelling: Principles and Applications. Prentice Hall.
[24] Daw, Murray S. and Mike, B. 1984. Embedded-atom method: Derivation and application to impurities, surfaces, and other defects in metals. Physical Review B. American Physical Society. 29 (12): 6443–6453.
[25] Daw, Murray S. and Mike, B. and Michael, I. 1993. The embedded-atom method: a review of theory and applications. Materials Science and Engineering. 251: 7–8.
[26] Lennard-Jones, J E. 1931. Cohesion. Proceedings of the Physical Society. 43 (5): 461–482.
[27] Mayo, S. L., Olafson, B. D., and Goddard, W. A. 1990. A generic force field for molecular simulations. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 94(26): 8897–8909.
[28] Rapaport, D. C. 2004. The Art of Molecular Dynamics Simulation.
[29] Hairer, E. and Christian, G. 2003. Geometric numerical integration illustrated by the Störmer/Verlet method. Acta Numerica. 12: 399–450.
[30] William, C., Andersen, H. C., Berens, P. H. and Wilson, K. R. 1982. A computer simulation method for the calculation of equilibrium constants for the formation of physical clusters of molecules: Application to small water clusters. The Journal of Chemical Physics. 76 (1): 637-651.
[31] Nosé, S. 1984. A unified formulation of the constant temperature molecular-dynamics methods. Journal of Chemical Physics. 81 (1): 511–519.
[32] William, G. 1985. Canonical dynamics: Equilibrium phase-space distributions. Phys. Rev. A. 31 (3): 1695–1697.
[33] Speiser, A. 2004. Ambros Konrad Zuse und die ERMETH: Ein weltweiter Architektur-Vergleich.
[34] Saad, Y. 2003. Iterative methods for sparse linear systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. Siam publication.
[35] Haghighi, O., Amini, K. and Gharavi, F. 2020. Effect of Shot Peening Operation on the Microstructure and Wear Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy. Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces. 56(1):164-168.
[36] Moradi, A., Heidari, A., Amini, K., Aghadavoudi, F. and Abedinzadeh, R. 2022. The effect of shot peening time on mechanical properties and residual stress in Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Metallurgical Research and Technology. 119(4):401.
[37] Maliwemu, E. U. K., Malau, V. and Iswanto, P. T. 2018. Effect of Shot Peening in Different Shot Distance and Shot Angle on Surface Morphology, Surface Roughness and Surface Hardness of 316L Biomaterial. Materials Science and Engineering. 299: 12051.
[38] Iswanto, P. T., Faqihudin, A. and Sadida, H. M. 2020. Distribution of Hardness, Surface Roughness and Wettability of 316L Induced by Shot Peening with Different Duration and Shooting Distance. Materials Science and Engineering, 924(1): 12008.
