نهادها و توسعه در کشورهای خاورمیانه
الموضوعات :محمد حسین فاتحی دابانلو 1 , کامبیز هژبر کیانی 2 , عباس معمارنژاد 3 , محسن مهرآرا 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
2 - استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران
4 - استاد اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه, خاورمیانه, طبقه‌بندی JEL: O43 .O15, O57, صادرکننده نفت, واژگان کلیدی: نهاد,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف اصلی این مقاله بررسی تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه در کشورهای خاورمیانه می باشد. برای آزمون فرضیه ها کشورهای خاورمیانه به دو گروه نفتی و غیرنفتی تقسیم و سپس مدل های تحقیق به صورت سیستمی و با روش حداقل مربعات سه مرحله ای (3SLS) در داده های پانل طی دوره 1996-2014 برای دو گروه برآورد می شود. از آزمون های والد، کروسکال_ الیس و حداقل اختلاف معنادار برای ارزیابی تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان می دهد در کشورهای خاورمیانه صادرکننده نفت و کشورهای خاورمیانه غیرصادرکننده نفت، تفاوت معناداری بین تاثیر متقابل نهادها و توسعه وجود دارد. ضریب برآوردی تاثیر توسعه بر نهادها در هر دو گروه بیش از ضریب برآوردی تاثیر نهادها بر توسعه است. بنابراین، توجه به توسعه خود به خود علاوه بر بهبود شاخص های آن، شرایط نهادها را ارتقا داده و باعث بهبود عملکرد این شاخص‌ها می شود. این تاثیر از طریق نهاد نیز وجود دارد ولی سرعت تغییر از طرف توسعه بیشتر است.
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