بررسی اثر محلولپاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین و تیمارهای تغذیه‌ای غیرشیمیایی بر خصوصیات رشد و اسانس گیاه دارویی L. Salvia officinalis تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری
الموضوعات :
صفورا حسن‌آبادی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران)
محمدرضا اردکانی
2
(استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی
3
(استاد، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
فرزاد پاکنژاد
4
(استاد، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)
داود حبیبی
5
(دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران.)
تاريخ الإرسال : 02 الخميس , رجب, 1443
تاريخ التأكيد : 13 الخميس , رمضان, 1443
تاريخ الإصدار : 03 الأحد , جمادى الأولى, 1444
الکلمات المفتاحية:
کود دامی,
عملکرد اسانس,
مریم گلی,
اسیدهای آمینه,
همزیستی میکوریزایی,
ملخص المقالة :
تنش خشکی یک نگرانی عمده زیست محیطی در سراسر جهان است که رشد محصول را در مقیاس وسیع محدود می‌کند و کاربرد کودهای زیستی و محلول پاشی اسید آمینه برای غلبه بر این موضوع به‌منظور بهبود تولید محصول حائز اهمیت است. بدین منظور پژوهشی دو ساله (97-1395)، به‌صورت کرت های دوبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه ای واقع در شهرستان کنگاور استان کرمانشاه بر روی مریم گلی (Salvia officinalis L.) اجرا شد. تیمارهای این آزمایش عبارتند از: آبیاری در دو سطح (۵۰۰ و ۱۰۰) درصد ظرفیت زراعی (F.C.) که در کرت‌های اصلی قرار گرفت. عامل فرعی شامل کود زیستی با سه سطح (شاهد، میکوریزا و کود گاوی) در کرت های فرعی بود و عامل فرعی فرعی شامل محلول پاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین در چهار سطح ]بدون محلول پاشی (شاهد منفی)، محلول پاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد مثبت)، محلول پاشی با غلظت های 25 درصد و50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین [بود. نتایج این پژوهش بیانگر آن است آبیاری 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی به همراه کاربرد کودهای زیستی (کود گاوی و میکوریزا) و محلول پاشی اِل- فنیل‌آلانین با غلظت50 درصد موجب افزایش صفات مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش شد. بیشترین مقدار و عملکرد اسانس، مربوط به اثرات متقابل تیمارهای آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی+ کود گاوی+ 50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین به‌ترتیب با مقادیر (3/5 درصد) و (24/41 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و همچنین برهمکنش تیمارهای آبیاری 100% ظرفیت زراعی+ میکوریزا+ 50 درصد اِل- فنیل آلانین به‌ترتیب با مقادیر (3/6 درصد) و (23/65 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود.
المصادر:
Abd-Elghany, S.E., Moustafa, A.A., Gomaa, N.H. Badr-eldin A.H. 2021. Mycorrhizal impact on Ocimum basilicum grown under drought stress. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 10, 72.
Aghaei, K., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Mousavi, A., Badi, H.N., and Mehnatkesh, A. 2019. Effects of foliar spraying of l-phenylalanine and application of bio-fertilizers on growth, yield, and essential oil of hyssop [Hyssopus officinalis subsp. Angustifolius (Bieb.)]. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 21, 10: 13-18.
Al-Mohammad, M.H.S., Sachet, T.F.K., and Al-dulaim, Z.S. 2021. Effect of phenylalanine, jasmonic acid and biofertilizer on growth, yield and anthocyanin pigments of roselle calyces. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 11 (3), 544.
Arnon, A.N. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal, 23: 112-121.
Badalzadeh, A., Danesh Shahraki, A.R., Rafieiolhossaini, M., and Ghobadinia, M. 2018. The Effects of solitary and combined application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on essential oil and some physiological characteristics of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) under water deficit stress conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 28 (3): 155-168.
Begum, N., Akhtar, K., Ahanger, M.A., Iqbal, M., Wang, P., Mustafa, N.S., and Zhang, L. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve growth, essential oil, secondary metabolism, and yield of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) under drought stress conditions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28 (33): 45–59.
Belal, B.E.A., El-Kenawy, M.A., and Uwakiem, M.K. 2016. Foliar application of some amino acids and vitamins to improve growth, physical and chemical properties of flame seedless grapevines. Egypt J Hortic, 43: 123-136.
Bettaieb, I., Zakhama, N., Aidi Wannes, W., Kchouk M.E., and Marzouk, B. 2010. Water deficit effects on Salvia officinalis fatty acids and essential oils composition. Scientia 120, 271-275.
Calvo, P., Nelson, L., and Kloepper, J.W. 2014 .Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants. Plant Soil 383: 3-41.
Du, Y., Cui, B., zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Sun, J., and Niu, W. 2020. Effects of manure fertilizer on crop yield and soil properties in China: A meta-analysis. CATENA, 193, 104617.
Eshaghi Gorgi, O., Fallah, H., Niknejad, Y. and Barari Tari, D. 2021. Effect of Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizal fungi inoculations on essential oil in Melissa officinalis under drought stress. Biologia. 77: 11-20.
Gurmanpreet, , Amanpreet, S., Harpreet, S., Kumar, S., and Mr, K. 2019. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.). Journal of progressive agriculture, 10 (1): 136-148.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M.B., Zulfiqar, F., Raza, A., Mohsin, S.M., Al Mahmud, J., and Fujita, M. 2020. Fotopoulos, V. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under abiotic stress: Revisiting the crucial role of a universal defense regulator. 9: 681.
Jabborova, D., Annapurna, K., Al-Sadi, A.M., Alharbi, S.A., Datta, R., and Zuan, A.T.K. 2021. Biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mediated enhanced drought tolerance in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plant growth, root morphological traits and physiological properties. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(10): 5490–5499.
Jahani, F., Tohidi-Moghadam, H.R., Larijani, H.R. Ghooshchi, F., and Oveysi, M. 2021. Influence of zinc and salicylic acid foliar application on total chlorophyll, phenolic components, yield and essential oil composition of peppermint (Mentha piperita) under drought stress condition. Arab J. Geosci 14: 691.
Nam, S., Kang, S., and Kim, J. 2020. Maintaining a constant soil moisture level can enhance the growth and phenolic content of sweet basil better than fluctuating irrigation. Agric. Water Manag. 238, 106203.
Nejatzadeh-Barandozi, F. 2020. Effects of different levels of mulch and irrigation on growth traits and essential oil content of basil. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 15(3): 222-228.
Poorghadir, M., Torkashvand, A.M., Mirjalili, S.A., and Moradi, P. 2020. Interactions of amino acids (proline and phenylalanine) and biostimulants (salicylic acid and chitosan) on the growth and essential oil components of savory (Satureja hortensis). Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 101815.
Reham, M., Khattab, M., Ahmed, S., and Kandil, M. 2016. Influence of foliar spray with phenylalanine and nickel on growth, yield quality and chemical composition of genoveser basil plant. Afr. J. Agric. 11: 1398–1410.
Rezakhani, A. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R. 2017. Effect of manure and foliar application of amino acids on growth characteristics, seed yield and essential oil of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 48(3): 777-786. (In Persian with English Summery).
Salam, E.A., Alatar, A., and El-Sheikh, M.A. 2017. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviates harmful effects of drought stress on damask rose. Saudi Journal. Biol. Sci. 25(8): 1772–1780.
Samani, M.R., D’Urso, G., Montoro, P., Pirbalouti, A.G., and Piacente, S. 2021. Effects of bio-fertilizers on the production of specialized metabolites in Salvia officinalis leaves: An analytical approach based on LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap/MS and multivariate data analysis. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 197: 113951.
Sodaeizadeh, H., Shamsayi, M., Tajamoleyan, M., Mir Mohammadi Maibodi, S.A.M. and Hakimzadeh, M.A. 2016. Investigation of the effect of drought stress on some morphological and physiological characteristics of savory (Satoreja hortensis). Journal of Process and Plant Function, 5(15): 1-12.
Sun, X., Shi. J., and Ding, G. 2017. Combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza and drought stress on plant growth and mortality of forage sorghum. 119: 384-391.
Vosoughi, N., Gomarian, M., Pirbalouti, A.G., Khaghani, S., and Malekpoor, F. 2018. Essential oil composition and total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of sage (Salvia officinalis) extract under chitosan application and irrigation frequencies. Industrial crops and products, 117: 366-374.
Ye, S., Liu, T., and Niu, Y. 2020. Effects of organic fertilizer on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and fruit quality of pear jujube in northern Shaanxi, Open Chemistry, 18(1): 537-545.
Zardak, S.G., Dehnavi, M.M., Salehi, A., and Gholamhoseini, M. 2018. Effects of using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate drought stress on the physiological traits and essential oil yield of fennel. Rhizosphere, 6: 31–38.
Zohra Es-sbihi, F., Hazzoumi, Z., Benhima, R., and Amrani Joutei, K. 2020. Effects of salicylic acid on growth, mineral nutrition, glandular hairs distribution and essential oil composition in Salvia ofcinalis grown under copper stress. Environ Sustain 3:199–208.
Zulfiqar, F., and Ashraf, M. 2021. Bioregulators: Unlocking their potential role in regulation of the plant oxidative defense system. Plant Mol. Biol. 105: 11–41.
Zulfiqar, F., Chen, J., Finnegan, P.M., Younis, A., Nafees, M., Zorrig, W., and Hamed, K.B. 2021. Application of trehalose and salicylic acid mitigates drought stress in sweet basil and improves plant growth. Plants 10, 1078.
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Abd-Elghany, S.E., Moustafa, A.A., Gomaa, N.H. Badr-eldin A.H. 2021. Mycorrhizal impact on Ocimum basilicum grown under drought stress. Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci 10, 72.
Aghaei, K., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Mousavi, A., Badi, H.N., and Mehnatkesh, A. 2019. Effects of foliar spraying of l-phenylalanine and application of bio-fertilizers on growth, yield, and essential oil of hyssop [Hyssopus officinalis subsp. Angustifolius (Bieb.)]. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 21, 10: 13-18.
Al-Mohammad, M.H.S., Sachet, T.F.K., and Al-dulaim, Z.S. 2021. Effect of phenylalanine, jasmonic acid and biofertilizer on growth, yield and anthocyanin pigments of roselle calyces. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 11 (3), 544.
Arnon, A.N. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal, 23: 112-121.
Badalzadeh, A., Danesh Shahraki, A.R., Rafieiolhossaini, M., and Ghobadinia, M. 2018. The Effects of solitary and combined application of cattle manure and chemical fertilizer on essential oil and some physiological characteristics of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica) under water deficit stress conditions. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 28 (3): 155-168.
Begum, N., Akhtar, K., Ahanger, M.A., Iqbal, M., Wang, P., Mustafa, N.S., and Zhang, L. 2021. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve growth, essential oil, secondary metabolism, and yield of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) under drought stress conditions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28 (33): 45–59.
Belal, B.E.A., El-Kenawy, M.A., and Uwakiem, M.K. 2016. Foliar application of some amino acids and vitamins to improve growth, physical and chemical properties of flame seedless grapevines. Egypt J Hortic, 43: 123-136.
Bettaieb, I., Zakhama, N., Aidi Wannes, W., Kchouk M.E., and Marzouk, B. 2010. Water deficit effects on Salvia officinalis fatty acids and essential oils composition. Scientia 120, 271-275.
Calvo, P., Nelson, L., and Kloepper, J.W. 2014 .Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants. Plant Soil 383: 3-41.
Du, Y., Cui, B., zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Sun, J., and Niu, W. 2020. Effects of manure fertilizer on crop yield and soil properties in China: A meta-analysis. CATENA, 193, 104617.
Eshaghi Gorgi, O., Fallah, H., Niknejad, Y. and Barari Tari, D. 2021. Effect of Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and mycorrhizal fungi inoculations on essential oil in Melissa officinalis under drought stress. Biologia. 77: 11-20.
Gurmanpreet, , Amanpreet, S., Harpreet, S., Kumar, S., and Mr, K. 2019. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L.). Journal of progressive agriculture, 10 (1): 136-148.
Hasanuzzaman, M., Bhuyan, M.B., Zulfiqar, F., Raza, A., Mohsin, S.M., Al Mahmud, J., and Fujita, M. 2020. Fotopoulos, V. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense in plants under abiotic stress: Revisiting the crucial role of a universal defense regulator. 9: 681.
Jabborova, D., Annapurna, K., Al-Sadi, A.M., Alharbi, S.A., Datta, R., and Zuan, A.T.K. 2021. Biochar and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mediated enhanced drought tolerance in Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) plant growth, root morphological traits and physiological properties. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(10): 5490–5499.
Jahani, F., Tohidi-Moghadam, H.R., Larijani, H.R. Ghooshchi, F., and Oveysi, M. 2021. Influence of zinc and salicylic acid foliar application on total chlorophyll, phenolic components, yield and essential oil composition of peppermint (Mentha piperita) under drought stress condition. Arab J. Geosci 14: 691.
Nam, S., Kang, S., and Kim, J. 2020. Maintaining a constant soil moisture level can enhance the growth and phenolic content of sweet basil better than fluctuating irrigation. Agric. Water Manag. 238, 106203.
Nejatzadeh-Barandozi, F. 2020. Effects of different levels of mulch and irrigation on growth traits and essential oil content of basil. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 15(3): 222-228.
Poorghadir, M., Torkashvand, A.M., Mirjalili, S.A., and Moradi, P. 2020. Interactions of amino acids (proline and phenylalanine) and biostimulants (salicylic acid and chitosan) on the growth and essential oil components of savory (Satureja hortensis). Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 101815.
Reham, M., Khattab, M., Ahmed, S., and Kandil, M. 2016. Influence of foliar spray with phenylalanine and nickel on growth, yield quality and chemical composition of genoveser basil plant. Afr. J. Agric. 11: 1398–1410.
Rezakhani, A. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R. 2017. Effect of manure and foliar application of amino acids on growth characteristics, seed yield and essential oil of coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 48(3): 777-786. (In Persian with English Summery).
Salam, E.A., Alatar, A., and El-Sheikh, M.A. 2017. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviates harmful effects of drought stress on damask rose. Saudi Journal. Biol. Sci. 25(8): 1772–1780.
Samani, M.R., D’Urso, G., Montoro, P., Pirbalouti, A.G., and Piacente, S. 2021. Effects of bio-fertilizers on the production of specialized metabolites in Salvia officinalis leaves: An analytical approach based on LC-ESI/LTQ-Orbitrap/MS and multivariate data analysis. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, 197: 113951.
Sodaeizadeh, H., Shamsayi, M., Tajamoleyan, M., Mir Mohammadi Maibodi, S.A.M. and Hakimzadeh, M.A. 2016. Investigation of the effect of drought stress on some morphological and physiological characteristics of savory (Satoreja hortensis). Journal of Process and Plant Function, 5(15): 1-12.
Sun, X., Shi. J., and Ding, G. 2017. Combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza and drought stress on plant growth and mortality of forage sorghum. 119: 384-391.
Vosoughi, N., Gomarian, M., Pirbalouti, A.G., Khaghani, S., and Malekpoor, F. 2018. Essential oil composition and total phenolic, flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activity of sage (Salvia officinalis) extract under chitosan application and irrigation frequencies. Industrial crops and products, 117: 366-374.
Ye, S., Liu, T., and Niu, Y. 2020. Effects of organic fertilizer on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and fruit quality of pear jujube in northern Shaanxi, Open Chemistry, 18(1): 537-545.
Zardak, S.G., Dehnavi, M.M., Salehi, A., and Gholamhoseini, M. 2018. Effects of using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to alleviate drought stress on the physiological traits and essential oil yield of fennel. Rhizosphere, 6: 31–38.
Zohra Es-sbihi, F., Hazzoumi, Z., Benhima, R., and Amrani Joutei, K. 2020. Effects of salicylic acid on growth, mineral nutrition, glandular hairs distribution and essential oil composition in Salvia ofcinalis grown under copper stress. Environ Sustain 3:199–208.
Zulfiqar, F., and Ashraf, M. 2021. Bioregulators: Unlocking their potential role in regulation of the plant oxidative defense system. Plant Mol. Biol. 105: 11–41.
Zulfiqar, F., Chen, J., Finnegan, P.M., Younis, A., Nafees, M., Zorrig, W., and Hamed, K.B. 2021. Application of trehalose and salicylic acid mitigates drought stress in sweet basil and improves plant growth. Plants 10, 1078.
