بررسی اثر محلولپاشی اوره و اسید سالیسیلیک بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Physalis alkekengi L.
الموضوعات :
علی پزشکی
1
,
حسن نورافکن
2
,
مهدی اورعی
3
,
ناصر محب علی پور
4
,
اسد اسدی
5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
5 - استادیار، گروه دامپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
تاريخ الإرسال : 02 الأحد , ربيع الثاني, 1443
تاريخ التأكيد : 28 السبت , جمادى الأولى, 1443
تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الجمعة , ذو القعدة, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
وزن خشک,
میوه,
ریزوم,
اسید فرولیک,
عروسک پشتپرده,
لوتئولین,
ملخص المقالة :
گیاه دارویی عروسک پشت پرده (Physalis alkekengi L.)، متعلق به تیره Solanacae است که به طور گسترده در طب سنتی از میوه آن برای درمان بیمارهایی نظیر سنگ کلیه و مجاری ادراری، نقرس و هپاتیت استفاده می شود. از آنجایی که استفاده از محرک های زیستی در کشاورزی می تواند در ارتقـای کمـی و کیفـی مـواد موثره گیاهان دارویی و بهبود عملکرد آنها موثر باشد، در این تحقیق اثر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک و اوره بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی این گیاه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد میانه در سال 1398 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک (001/0، 0025/0، 005/0 و 01/0 میلی مولار) و اوره (25/0 ،5/0، 1 و 2 درصد) در سه مرحله با فاصله 10 روز یکبار در سه تکرار اعمال گردید. عصاره گیری اواسط شهریور ماه همزمان با برداشت به روش خیساندن انجام شد و میزان ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی در اندام هوایی با استفاده از دستگاه HPLC تعیین گردید. بر طبق نتایج تجزیه واریانس اثر تیمار محلولپاشی بر روی همه صفات مورفولوژیکی اندام هوایی (به جز عرض برگ)، صفات مورفولوژیکی ریشه و همچنین صفات عملکردی معنی دار بود. افزایش غلظت اوره و اسید سالیسیلیک در بیشتر صفات اندازه گیری شده اثر مثبتی نشان داد و بیشترین افزایش در صفات مذکور عمدتا مربوط به کاربرد غلظت های اوره 1 و 2 درصد و اسید سالیسیلیک 01/0 میلی مولار بود. استفاده از غلظت های اوره 1 درصد و اسید سالیسیلیک 01/0 میلی مولار در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد موجب افزایش تعداد میوه (به ترتیب 8/76 و 6/64 درصد)، قطر میوه (بهترتیب 3/17 و 7/25 درصد)، طول میوه (بهترتیب 07/15 و 4/33 درصد)، وزن تر اندام هوایی (بهترتیب 9/29 و 4/56 درصد) و وزن خشک اندام هوایی (بهترتیب 4/28 و 4/61 درصد) شد. به علاوه با افزایش غلظت اسید سالیسیلیک میزان ترکیبات لوتئولین، کوئرستین، کامفرول، اسید فرولیک و اسید کلوروژنیک در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت.
المصادر:
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Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi Ashourabadi, E., Ardakani, M.R., Lebaschi, M.H., Safikhani, F. and Naderi Hadjibagher Kandi, M. 2006. Effect of application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on essential oil content and composition of balm (Melissa officinalis) under field condition. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3): 223-230. (In Persian).
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Bayat, H., Alirezaie, M. and Neamati, H. 2012. Impact of exogenous salicylic acid on growth and ornamental characteristics of Calendula (Calendula officinalis) under salinity stress. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 8: 258-267. (In Persian).
Beaudoin-Eagan, L.D. and Thorpe, T.A. 1985. Tyrosine and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities during shoot initiation in tobacco callus cultures. Plant Physiology, 78: 438-441.
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Darvizheh, H., Zahedi, M. and Abbaszadeh, B. 2019. Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid and spermine on the growth and root morphological characteristics of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpureal) under drought stress. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 8(30): 225-242. (In Persian).
Eraslan, F., Inal, A., Gunes, A. and Alpaslan, M. 2007. Impact of exogenous salicylic acid on growth antioxidant activity and physiology of carrot plants subjected to combined salinity and boron toxicity. Scientia Horticulturae, 113:120-128.
Eskandari Zanjani, K., Shirani Rad, A.H., Moradi Agdam, A. and Taherkhani, T. 2013. Effect of salicylic acid application under salinity conditions on physiologic and morphologic characteristics of artemisia (Artemisia annua). Journal of crop Ecophysiology, 6(4): 415-428. (In Persian).
Forouzandeh, M., Mohkami, Z. and Fazelinasab, B. 2019. Evaluation of biotic elicitors foliar application on functional changes, physiological and biochemical parameters of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). Journal of Plant Production Research, 25: 49-65. (In Persian).
Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Nekoei, M., Rahimmalek, M. and Malekpoor, F. 2019. Chemical composition and yield of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) under foliar applications of jasmonic and salicylic acids. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 19: 101-114.
Guleria, S., Sohal, B. and Mann, A. 2005. Salicylic acid treatment and/or Erysiphe polygoni inoculation on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase content and accumulation of phenolics in pea leaves. Journal of Vegetable Science, 11: 71-79.
Habba, E., EL-Abdel Aziz, N.G., Sarhan, A.M.Z., Arafa, A.M.S. and Youssef, N.M. 2016. Effect of putrescine and growing media on vegetative growth and chemical constituents of Populus euramericana Journal of Innovations in pharmaceuticals and Biological Sciences, 3: 61-73.
Hakimi, L., Naiebzadeh, M. and Khaligi, A. 2019. Investigating the effect of glycine betaine and humi-forthi on morpho-physiological and biochemical properties Pelargonium graveolens under water stress. Journal of Plant Production Research, 26(3): 37-56. (In Persian).
Hayati, P., Sharifi-e Shayghan, M., Hayati, P. and Rowshan Sarvestani, V. 2011. Effect of salicylic acid on morphological and physiological characteristics of sweetheart. Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress. Isfahan, Iran. (In Persian).
Ibrahim, M.H., Jaafar, H.Z., Rahmat, A. and Rahman, Z.A. 2010. The relationship between phenolics and flavonoids production with total nonstructural carbohydrate and photosynthetic rate in Labisia pumila under high CO2 and nitrogen fertilization. Molecules, 16(1): 162-174.
Jamali, B., Eshghi, S. and Tafazoli, E. 2013. Vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality and fruit and leaf composition of strawberry cv. ‘Pajaro’ as influenced by salicylic acid and nickel sprays. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36: 1043-1055. (In Persian).
Jamshidi, E., GHalavand, A., Sefidkon, F. and Mohammadi Goltapeh, E. 2012. Effect of different nutrition systems (organic and chemical) on quantative and qualative characteristics of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) under water deficit stress. Bimontly Iranian Jouranal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 28(2): 309-323. (In Persian).
Kahlel, A.M.S. and Sultan, F.I. 2019. Response of four potato cultivars to soil application with organic and amino acid compounds. Research on Crops, 20(1): 101-108.
Kashefi, B., Ghods, M. and Moghaddam, M. 2015. Salicylic acid application on some morphological and physiological traits in clary sage under salinity stress. Journal of Crops Improvement, 17(2): 431-440.
Khan, M.I., Fatma, M., Per, T.S., Anjum, N.A. and Khan, N.A. 2015. Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 462.
Kheiry, A., Parsa, H., Sani Khani, M. and Razavi, F. 2018. Effect of bio-fertilizers and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of petal in Saffron (Crocus sativus). Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 6(3):309-322. (In Persian).
Khodary, S.E.A. 2004. Effect of Salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 3(12): 1434-1039.
Khoshpeyk, S., Sadrabadi Haghighi, R. and Ahmadian, A. 2017. The effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer and nano-organic manure on yield, yield components and essential oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgar). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 14(4):775-787. (In Persian).
Kovacik, J., Backo, M. and Kadukova, J. 2008. Physiological responses of Matricaria chamomilla to cadmium and copper excess. Environmental Toxicology, 23: 123-130.
Kumar, D., Mishra, D.S., Chakraborty, B. and Kumar, P. 2013. Pericarp browning and quality management of litchi fruit by antioxidants and salicylic acid during ambient storage. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50: 797-802.
Mardaninejad, S., Kholdbarin, B., Saadat, Y. and Morad Shahi, A.S. 2003. Vegetative behaviors and the amount of lavender essential oil in response to different amounts of ammonium nitrate. Journal of Research in Iranian Medicinal Plants and Herbs, 19(1): 15-35. (In Persian).
Mendoza, A.B., Godina, F.R., Torres, V.R., Rodriguez, H.R. and Maiti, R.K. 2002. Chilli seed treatment with salicylic and sulfosalicylic acid modifies seedling epidermal anatomy and cold stress tolerance. Crop Research, 24(1): 19-25.
Miura, K. and Tada, Y. 2014. Regulation of water, salinity, and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Plant Science Journal, 5: 410.
Najafian, S., Negahban, M., Tarakemeh, A. and Ghasemiyan, S.M. 2009. Effect of salicylic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics of chamomile. 6th Iranian Horticultural science congress, Rasht, Iran, 1117-1119. (In Persian).
Nourafcan, H. and Mahboubi, A. 2017. The effect of salicylic acid foliar spraying on morphophysiological characteristics of common mallow and Moldavian balm. Agroecology Journal, 13(3): 25-33. (In Persian).
Pérez-Balibrea, S., Moreno, D.A. and García-Viguera, C. 2011. Improving the phytochemical composition of broccoli sprouts by elicitation. Food Chemistry, 129: 35-44.
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Popova, L.P., Maslenkova, L.T., Yordanova, R.Y., Ivanova, A.P., Krantev, A.P., Szalai, G. and Janda, T. 2009. Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 47: 224-231.
Rabie, M.A., Soliman, A.Z., Diaconeasa, Z.S. and Constantin, B. 2015. Effect of pasteurization and shelf life on the physicochemical properties of Physalis (Physalis peruviana) juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 39 (6): 1051-1060.
Radwan, D.E.M. 2012. Salicylic acid induced alleviation of oxidative stress caused by clethodim in maize (Zea mays) leaves. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 102: 182-188.
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Saharkhiz, M.J. and Goudarzi, T. 2014. Foliar application of salicylic acid changes essential oil content and chemical compositions of peppermint (Mentha piperita). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17: 435-440.
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Travlos, I.S. 2012. Invasiveness of cut-leaf ground-cherry (Physalis angulate) populations and impact of soil water and nutrient availability. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 72: 358-363.
Wang, Z., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Xu, L., Cao, J. and Jiang, W. 2015. The effect of exogenous salicylic acid on antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds and antioxidant system in apricot fruit. Scientia Horticulture, 181: 113-120.
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Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi Ashourabadi, E., Ardakani, M.R. and Paknejad, F. 2005. Effect of spraying of nitrogen fertilizer on Melissa officinalis yield in the greenhouse condition. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 21(2): 207-216. (In Persian).
Abbaszadeh, B., Sharifi Ashourabadi, E., Ardakani, M.R., Lebaschi, M.H., Safikhani, F. and Naderi Hadjibagher Kandi, M. 2006. Effect of application methods of nitrogen fertilizer on essential oil content and composition of balm (Melissa officinalis) under field condition. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3): 223-230. (In Persian).
Abdel, F. and Gharib, L. 2006. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, metabolic activities and oil content of basil and marjoram. International. Journal of Agricultural Biology, 4: 458-492.
Akinsulier, R.O., Aibinu, I.E., Adenipekun, T., Adelowotan, T. and Odugbemi, T. 2007. Invitro antimicrobial activity of crude extracts from plants Bryophyllum pinnatum and Kalanchoe crenata. African Journal Traditional, 4(3): 334-348.
Amiri, A., Yadolahi, P., Siroosmehr, A. and Esmaeilzadeh, S. 2015. Effect of drought stress and chitosan and salicylic spray on morphological parameters of Carthamus tinctorius in Sistan. Journal of Oil Plant Production, 2: 1. 43-56. (In Persian)
Bayat, H., Alirezaie, M. and Neamati, H. 2012. Impact of exogenous salicylic acid on growth and ornamental characteristics of Calendula (Calendula officinalis) under salinity stress. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 8: 258-267. (In Persian).
Beaudoin-Eagan, L.D. and Thorpe, T.A. 1985. Tyrosine and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities during shoot initiation in tobacco callus cultures. Plant Physiology, 78: 438-441.
Chen, J.Y., Wen, P.F., Kong, W.F., Qiu-Hong, P., Ji-Cheng, Z., Jing-Ming, L., Si-Bao, W. and Wei-Dong, H. 2006. Effect of salicylic acid on phenylpropanoids and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in harvested grape berries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 40: 64-72.
Darvizheh, H., Zahedi, M. and Abbaszadeh, B. 2019. Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid and spermine on the growth and root morphological characteristics of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpureal) under drought stress. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 8(30): 225-242. (In Persian).
Eraslan, F., Inal, A., Gunes, A. and Alpaslan, M. 2007. Impact of exogenous salicylic acid on growth antioxidant activity and physiology of carrot plants subjected to combined salinity and boron toxicity. Scientia Horticulturae, 113:120-128.
Eskandari Zanjani, K., Shirani Rad, A.H., Moradi Agdam, A. and Taherkhani, T. 2013. Effect of salicylic acid application under salinity conditions on physiologic and morphologic characteristics of artemisia (Artemisia annua). Journal of crop Ecophysiology, 6(4): 415-428. (In Persian).
Forouzandeh, M., Mohkami, Z. and Fazelinasab, B. 2019. Evaluation of biotic elicitors foliar application on functional changes, physiological and biochemical parameters of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). Journal of Plant Production Research, 25: 49-65. (In Persian).
Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Nekoei, M., Rahimmalek, M. and Malekpoor, F. 2019. Chemical composition and yield of essential oil from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) under foliar applications of jasmonic and salicylic acids. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 19: 101-114.
Guleria, S., Sohal, B. and Mann, A. 2005. Salicylic acid treatment and/or Erysiphe polygoni inoculation on phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase content and accumulation of phenolics in pea leaves. Journal of Vegetable Science, 11: 71-79.
Habba, E., EL-Abdel Aziz, N.G., Sarhan, A.M.Z., Arafa, A.M.S. and Youssef, N.M. 2016. Effect of putrescine and growing media on vegetative growth and chemical constituents of Populus euramericana Journal of Innovations in pharmaceuticals and Biological Sciences, 3: 61-73.
Hakimi, L., Naiebzadeh, M. and Khaligi, A. 2019. Investigating the effect of glycine betaine and humi-forthi on morpho-physiological and biochemical properties Pelargonium graveolens under water stress. Journal of Plant Production Research, 26(3): 37-56. (In Persian).
Hayati, P., Sharifi-e Shayghan, M., Hayati, P. and Rowshan Sarvestani, V. 2011. Effect of salicylic acid on morphological and physiological characteristics of sweetheart. Proceedings of the 7th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress. Isfahan, Iran. (In Persian).
Ibrahim, M.H., Jaafar, H.Z., Rahmat, A. and Rahman, Z.A. 2010. The relationship between phenolics and flavonoids production with total nonstructural carbohydrate and photosynthetic rate in Labisia pumila under high CO2 and nitrogen fertilization. Molecules, 16(1): 162-174.
Jamali, B., Eshghi, S. and Tafazoli, E. 2013. Vegetative growth, yield, fruit quality and fruit and leaf composition of strawberry cv. ‘Pajaro’ as influenced by salicylic acid and nickel sprays. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36: 1043-1055. (In Persian).
Jamshidi, E., GHalavand, A., Sefidkon, F. and Mohammadi Goltapeh, E. 2012. Effect of different nutrition systems (organic and chemical) on quantative and qualative characteristics of Fennel (Foeniculum Vulgare) under water deficit stress. Bimontly Iranian Jouranal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 28(2): 309-323. (In Persian).
Kahlel, A.M.S. and Sultan, F.I. 2019. Response of four potato cultivars to soil application with organic and amino acid compounds. Research on Crops, 20(1): 101-108.
Kashefi, B., Ghods, M. and Moghaddam, M. 2015. Salicylic acid application on some morphological and physiological traits in clary sage under salinity stress. Journal of Crops Improvement, 17(2): 431-440.
Khan, M.I., Fatma, M., Per, T.S., Anjum, N.A. and Khan, N.A. 2015. Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 462.
Kheiry, A., Parsa, H., Sani Khani, M. and Razavi, F. 2018. Effect of bio-fertilizers and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of petal in Saffron (Crocus sativus). Saffron Agronomy and Technology, 6(3):309-322. (In Persian).
Khodary, S.E.A. 2004. Effect of Salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 3(12): 1434-1039.
Khoshpeyk, S., Sadrabadi Haghighi, R. and Ahmadian, A. 2017. The effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer and nano-organic manure on yield, yield components and essential oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgar). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 14(4):775-787. (In Persian).
Kovacik, J., Backo, M. and Kadukova, J. 2008. Physiological responses of Matricaria chamomilla to cadmium and copper excess. Environmental Toxicology, 23: 123-130.
Kumar, D., Mishra, D.S., Chakraborty, B. and Kumar, P. 2013. Pericarp browning and quality management of litchi fruit by antioxidants and salicylic acid during ambient storage. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50: 797-802.
Mardaninejad, S., Kholdbarin, B., Saadat, Y. and Morad Shahi, A.S. 2003. Vegetative behaviors and the amount of lavender essential oil in response to different amounts of ammonium nitrate. Journal of Research in Iranian Medicinal Plants and Herbs, 19(1): 15-35. (In Persian).
Mendoza, A.B., Godina, F.R., Torres, V.R., Rodriguez, H.R. and Maiti, R.K. 2002. Chilli seed treatment with salicylic and sulfosalicylic acid modifies seedling epidermal anatomy and cold stress tolerance. Crop Research, 24(1): 19-25.
Miura, K. and Tada, Y. 2014. Regulation of water, salinity, and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Plant Science Journal, 5: 410.
Najafian, S., Negahban, M., Tarakemeh, A. and Ghasemiyan, S.M. 2009. Effect of salicylic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics of chamomile. 6th Iranian Horticultural science congress, Rasht, Iran, 1117-1119. (In Persian).
Nourafcan, H. and Mahboubi, A. 2017. The effect of salicylic acid foliar spraying on morphophysiological characteristics of common mallow and Moldavian balm. Agroecology Journal, 13(3): 25-33. (In Persian).
Pérez-Balibrea, S., Moreno, D.A. and García-Viguera, C. 2011. Improving the phytochemical composition of broccoli sprouts by elicitation. Food Chemistry, 129: 35-44.
Picard, D., Ghiloufi, M., Saulas, P. and Tourdonnet, S. 2010. Does under sowing winter wheat with a cover crop increase competition for resources and is it compatible with high yield? Field Crops Research, 115: 9–18. Razavi Publications, Beh Nashr. 438 pp. (In Persian).
Popova, L.P., Maslenkova, L.T., Yordanova, R.Y., Ivanova, A.P., Krantev, A.P., Szalai, G. and Janda, T. 2009. Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 47: 224-231.
Rabie, M.A., Soliman, A.Z., Diaconeasa, Z.S. and Constantin, B. 2015. Effect of pasteurization and shelf life on the physicochemical properties of Physalis (Physalis peruviana) juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 39 (6): 1051-1060.
Radwan, D.E.M. 2012. Salicylic acid induced alleviation of oxidative stress caused by clethodim in maize (Zea mays) leaves. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 102: 182-188.
Sabeti Amizhendeh, M.A., Fallah Nosrat Abadi, A., Norouzi, M., Amiri, A. and Azarpour, A. 2011. Effect of nitrogen and azotobacter on some quantitative and qualities characteristics garmkhane'e tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Journal of Soil and Water, 22(2): 149-135. (In Persian).
Saharkhiz, M.J. and Goudarzi, T. 2014. Foliar application of salicylic acid changes essential oil content and chemical compositions of peppermint (Mentha piperita). Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17: 435-440.
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