تاثیر اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد اندام‌های رویشی و مواد موثره استویا (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) تحت تنش خشکی
الموضوعات :
مهرداد ملکی
1
(گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 4697-19395، تهران، ایران.)
حمید سبحانیان
2
(گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 4697-19395، تهران، ایران.)
عنایت اله یزدان پناه
3
(گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 4697-19395، تهران، ایران.)
عباس ملکی
4
(گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: استویا, ترکیبات فنلی, کم‌آبی, قند قابل برداشت, گلیکوزید,
ملخص المقالة :
این بررسی به منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و مواد موثره استویا تحت تنش خشکی انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح اسپلیت پلات و در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقات شهرستان سرآبله واقع در استان ایلام در سال 1400-1399 اجرا شد. تنش خشکی در سه سطح 100 (شاهد)، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مزرعه و تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک در 2 سطح عدم مصرف و محلول پاشی (با غلظت 1 میلی مولار) بود. در این بررسی ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه جانبی، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، عملکرد ماده خشک کل، قند قابل برداشت، پروتئین، پرولین، کلروفیل کل، استویوزید، گلیکوزید، ریبودیوزید و ترکیبات فنلی اندازه گیری شد. یافته های این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک کل در شاهد و مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک به مقدار 2/77 گرم در گیاه حاصل شد که نسبت به کمترین عملکرد ماده خشک کل یعنی تیمار 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و عدم مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک 34 درصد افزایش نشان داد. همچنین در تمام سطوح تنش خشکی مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک موجب افزایش عملکرد ماده خشک کل شد.. در تیمار عدم اعمال تنش خشکی کمترین قند در بوته و در تیمار با اسید سالیسیلیک، میزان گلیکوزید بیشتر از شاهد بود. به طور کلی تنش خشکی موجب کاهش مقدار قند و سایر صفات رشدی گیاه استویا شد و در این بین مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک علاوه بر آنکه به تنهایی موجب بهبود خصویات کمی و کیفی گیاه استویا شد، در سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی نیز موجب بهبود عملکرد این گیاه شد که این نتیجه بسیار حائز اهمیت است.
Abbasi, A., Maleki, A., babaei, F., safari, H., rangin, A. (2022). The effect of zinc sulfate and gibberellic acid on gas exchange and white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) performance under drought stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 1-18. (In Persian).
Ali, F., Bano, A. and Fazal, A., (2017). Recent methods of drought stress tolerance in plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 82(3), pp.363-375.
Arnon DI. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24: 1-15.
Bahamin, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Behashti, S. (2021). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on yield and nutrient efficiency indices in maize under drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 14(3), 675-690. (In Persian).
Bahamin, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Beheshti, S. (2019). Effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus on quantitative and qualitative productivity of maize under drought stress conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 12(1), 123-139. (In Persian).
Bahamin, S., Parsa, S., Ghoreishi, S. (2013). The Examination of Effects of Growth Stimulating and Salinity Bacteria on the Characteristics of Mentha spicata leaves. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4 (9), 2119-2125.
Bahamin, S., Sohrab, M., Mohammad, A. B., Behroz, K. T., & Qorbanali, A. (2014). Effect of bio-fertilizer, manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and reproductive characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). International Journal Research Agriculture Environmental Sciense, 3(1), 36-43.
Bahari Sarvai, S.H. Gholami, A., Pirdashti, H., Baradaran Firoozabadi, M., Asghari, H.R. (2021). Growth and physiological response of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni to the coexistence of endophytic fungi and polyamine spermidine foliar application under saline conditions. Environmental stresses in agricultural sciences, 14 (1): 241-263. (In Persian).
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil, 39(1), 205-207.
Belkhadi, A., Hediji, H., Abbes, Z., Nouairi, Z., Barhoumi, M., Zarrouk, W., Chaibi, W. and Djebali, W. (2010). Effects of exogenous salicylic acid pre-treatment on cadmium toxicity and leaf lipid content in Linum usitatissimum L.. Ecotoxico.logy and Environmental Safety 73: 1003011.
Chang, C., M. Yang, H. Wen and J. Chern. (2002). Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal Food Drug Analaysis, 10: 178-182.
Dawoudian, J., Bahamin, S., & Tantoh, H. B. (2021). Environmental impact assessment of cement industries using mathematical matrix method: case of Ghayen cement, South Khorasan, Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(18), 22348-22358.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Ghatei, P., Momenpour, A., Gholamnezhad, J., Fakharipour, Z. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on flowering and growth characteristics of lantana (Lantana camara Linn.) under salinity stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 16(64), 1-23. (In Persian).
EL-Tayeb, M.A. (2005). Response of barley gains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regular. 45: 215- 225.
Erfani, S., rezaei, M., Farahvash, F., Mahmoudjanlo, M. (2022). The effect of nano potassium fertilizer, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid on physiological characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. under water stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 66-85. (In Persian).
Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., & Basra, S. M. A. (2009). Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for sustainable development, 29(1), 185-212.
Fathi, A., Bahamin, S. (2018). The effect of irrigation levels and foliar application (zinc, humic acid and salicylic acid) on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 11(3), 661-674. (In Persian).
Figueroa-Pérez, M. G., Gallegos-Corona, M. A., Ramos-Gomez, M., & Reynoso-Camacho, R. (2015). Salicylic acid elicitation during cultivation of the peppermint plant improves anti-diabetic effects of its infusions. Food & function, 6(6), 1865-1874.
Foladvand, F., Khoshkhabar, H., Naghdi, N., Hosseinabadi, M., Bahamin, S., Fathi, A. (2017). The effect of sowing date and nitrogen on yield, and essential oil of German chamomile. Scientia Agriculturae, 19 (3): 85-92.
Garzi, A., Omidi, H., Bostan, A. (2019). Effect of Stevia rebaudiana seed priming treatments with salicylic acid, iron and zinc on some germination traits and photosynthetic pigments under drought stress. Iranian Seed Research, 6 (2): 125-135. (In Persian).
Gerami, M., Hamdian, A., Akbarpour, V. (2019). Investigation of the effect of putrescine and salicylic acid on some physiological and antioxidant properties of Stevia rebaudiana B. in salinity conditions. Journal of Crop Breeding, 11 (29): 40-54. (In Persian).
Hassanpour, H., & Niknam, V. (2014). Investigation of drought stress effect on growth and antioxidant enzymes activity in Mentha pulegium L. Journal of plant process and function. Vol. 3(8(, 25-34. (In Persian).
Jalili, Kh., and Moradi, H., Jalili, J. (2021). Evaluation of the effects of climate change on water needs of agricultural products using the Lars-WG model, Fifth International Congress on Agricultural Development, Natural Resources, Environment and Tourism of Iran, Tabriz. (In Persian).
Jones JB, Wolf B and Mills HA. (1999). Plant analysis Handbook, Micro-Macro publishing, Inc, Athens, GA. pp: 110.
Karami-Chame, S., Khalil-Tahmasbi, B., ShahMahmoodi, P., Abdollahi, A. Fathi, A., Seyed-Mousavi, S.J., Bahamin, S. (2016). Effects of salinity stress, salicylic acid and Pseudomonas on the physiological characteristics and yield of seed beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Scientia, 14(2): 23438.
Kardoni, F., Bahamin, S., Khalil Tahmasebi, B., Ghavim-Sadati, S., Vahdani, S. (2019). Yield Comparisons of Mung-bean as Affected by Its Different Nutritions (Chemical, Biological and Integration) under Tillage Systems. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 13(49(1)), 87-102. (In Persian).
Khorasaninejad, S., Mousavi, A., Soltanloo, H., Hemmati, K., & Khalighi, A. (2011). The effect of drought stress on growth parameters, essential oil yield and constituent of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(22), 5360-5365.
Khoshkhabar, H., Jafari, M. Feilinezhad, A., Bahamin, S. (2015). Effect of Sodium Silicate on the Yield and Yield Components of Pea under Salinity Stress. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 7(1): 1045-1049.
Koushesh, M., Arzani, K. and Barzegar, M. (2012). Postharvest polyamine application alleviates chilling injury and affects apricot storage ability. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 60: 8947-8953.
Maleki, A., Fathi, A., Bahamin, S. (2020). The effect of gibberellin hormone on yield, growth indices, and biochemical traits of corn (Zea Mays L.) under drought stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 15(59), 1-16. (In Persian).
Mamta, P.R., P. Vijaylata, G. Arvind, S. Bikram, K.B. Ravinder and T. Rupinder. (2010). Stimulatory effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on plant growth, stevioside and rebaudioside-A contents of stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Applied Soil Ecology, 46: 222-229.
Mehravaran, L., Omidi, M., Naghavi, M.R., Fakheri, B. (2019). Effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid on the expression of 13-hydroxylase kaurnic acid gene involved in the biosynthetic pathway of steviol glycosides in stevia. Journal of Modern Genetics, 14 (2): 89-99. (In Persian).
Modi AR, Patil G, Kumar N, Singh AS, Subhash N. (2012). A simple and efficient in vitro mass multiplication procedure for Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and analysis of genetic fidelity of in vitro raised plants through RAPD. Suger Technology. 3(5), 17-33.
Moghaddam, M., Mehdizade, L., Farsari, S. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid application on some physiological characteristics and essential oil production of lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora L.) under salinity stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 54-65. (In Persian).
Murtaza G., Asghar R. and Abdul Majid S. (2010). Changes in specific activity of ascorbate peroxidase during seed development of pea (Pisum sativum L.) treated with salicylic acid. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 5333-5337.
Popova, L.P., Maslenkova, L.T., Yordanova R.Y., Ivanova, A.P., Krantev, A.P., Szalai, G., and Janda, T. (2009). Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiology Biochemical, 47:22431.
Rahimi, Y., Taleei, A., & Ranjbar, M. (2017). Changes in the expression of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of menthol and menthofuran in Mentha piperita L. under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39(9), 203.
Rasouli, D., Solouki, M., Fakheri, B., & Esmaelzadeh, B. s. (2016). Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activities, proline, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and essential oils of Mentha piperita L. in response to foliar application of salicylic acid and manganese stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32)1(, 71-82. (In Farsi).
Rezaei, A., Lotfi, B., Jafari, M., & Bahamin, S. (2015). Survey of effects of PGPR and salinity on the characteristics of Nigella leaves. In Biological Forum-An International Journal, 7:1058-1092.
Saberi, M., karimian, V., Aran, M. (2021). Effect of gibberellic and salicylic acid on germination improvement and seedling resistance of Cassia angustifolia vahl. under allelopathic stress of eucalyptus camaldulensis compounds. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 16(63), 49-60. (In Persian).
Sarkar, A. K., Luijten, M., Miyashima, S., Lenhard, M., Hashimoto, T., Nakajima, K., & Laux, T. (2007). Conserved factors regulate signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana shoot and root stem cell organizers. Nature, 446(7137), 811-814.
Shamsibeiranvand, Z., Sadeghi, Z., Khoshkhabar, H., Hosseinabadi, M., Bahamin, S. (2017). Survey some physiological characteristics of medicinal plant Scrophularia striata Boiss in Ilam province. Scientia Agriculturae, 19 (3): 62-68.
Sirousmehr, A., Arbabi, J., & Asgharipour, M. R. (2014). Effect of drought stress levels and organic manures on yield, essential oil content and some morphological characteristics of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum). Advance Environmental Biology, 8(4), 880-885.
Thimmaiah, S.R. (2004). Standard Methods for Biochemical Analysis Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, 545.
Wang, L. J., Fan, L., Loescher, W., Duan, W., Lie, G. J., Cheng, J. S., Lou, H. B. and Li, S. H. (2010). Salicylic acid alleviates decreases in photosynthesis under heat stress and accelerates recovery in grapevine leaves. Plant Biology, 10: 1-15.
Wang, Z., Ma, L., Zhang, X., Xu, L., Cao, J. and Jiang, W. (2015). The effect of exogenous salicylic acid on antioxidant activity, bioactive compounds and antioxidant system in apricot fruit. Scientia Horticulturae 181: 113-120.
War, A. R., Paulraj, M. G., War, M. Y. and Ignacimuthu, S. (2011). Jasmonic acid-mediated-induced resistance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) against Helicoverpa armigera. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 30: 512-523.
Zabet, M., Bahamin, S., Ghoreishi, S., Sadeghi, H., Moosavi, S. (2015). Effect of deficit irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer on quantitative yield of aboveground part of forage pear millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in Birjand. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 7(2), 187-194. (In Persian).
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Abbasi, A., Maleki, A., babaei, F., safari, H., rangin, A. (2022). The effect of zinc sulfate and gibberellic acid on gas exchange and white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) performance under drought stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 1-18. (In Persian).
Ali, F., Bano, A. and Fazal, A., (2017). Recent methods of drought stress tolerance in plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 82(3), pp.363-375.
Arnon DI. (1949). Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology. 24: 1-15.
Bahamin, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Behashti, S. (2021). Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on yield and nutrient efficiency indices in maize under drought stress. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 14(3), 675-690. (In Persian).
Bahamin, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M., Beheshti, S. (2019). Effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of nitrogen and phosphorus on quantitative and qualitative productivity of maize under drought stress conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 12(1), 123-139. (In Persian).
Bahamin, S., Parsa, S., Ghoreishi, S. (2013). The Examination of Effects of Growth Stimulating and Salinity Bacteria on the Characteristics of Mentha spicata leaves. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production, 4 (9), 2119-2125.
Bahamin, S., Sohrab, M., Mohammad, A. B., Behroz, K. T., & Qorbanali, A. (2014). Effect of bio-fertilizer, manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and reproductive characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). International Journal Research Agriculture Environmental Sciense, 3(1), 36-43.
Bahari Sarvai, S.H. Gholami, A., Pirdashti, H., Baradaran Firoozabadi, M., Asghari, H.R. (2021). Growth and physiological response of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni to the coexistence of endophytic fungi and polyamine spermidine foliar application under saline conditions. Environmental stresses in agricultural sciences, 14 (1): 241-263. (In Persian).
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and soil, 39(1), 205-207.
Belkhadi, A., Hediji, H., Abbes, Z., Nouairi, Z., Barhoumi, M., Zarrouk, W., Chaibi, W. and Djebali, W. (2010). Effects of exogenous salicylic acid pre-treatment on cadmium toxicity and leaf lipid content in Linum usitatissimum L.. Ecotoxico.logy and Environmental Safety 73: 1003011.
Chang, C., M. Yang, H. Wen and J. Chern. (2002). Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal Food Drug Analaysis, 10: 178-182.
Dawoudian, J., Bahamin, S., & Tantoh, H. B. (2021). Environmental impact assessment of cement industries using mathematical matrix method: case of Ghayen cement, South Khorasan, Iran. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(18), 22348-22358.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Ghatei, P., Momenpour, A., Gholamnezhad, J., Fakharipour, Z. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid foliar application on flowering and growth characteristics of lantana (Lantana camara Linn.) under salinity stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 16(64), 1-23. (In Persian).
EL-Tayeb, M.A. (2005). Response of barley gains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regular. 45: 215- 225.
Erfani, S., rezaei, M., Farahvash, F., Mahmoudjanlo, M. (2022). The effect of nano potassium fertilizer, potassium sulfate and salicylic acid on physiological characteristics of Calendula officinalis L. under water stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 66-85. (In Persian).
Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., & Basra, S. M. A. (2009). Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for sustainable development, 29(1), 185-212.
Fathi, A., Bahamin, S. (2018). The effect of irrigation levels and foliar application (zinc, humic acid and salicylic acid) on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 11(3), 661-674. (In Persian).
Figueroa-Pérez, M. G., Gallegos-Corona, M. A., Ramos-Gomez, M., & Reynoso-Camacho, R. (2015). Salicylic acid elicitation during cultivation of the peppermint plant improves anti-diabetic effects of its infusions. Food & function, 6(6), 1865-1874.
Foladvand, F., Khoshkhabar, H., Naghdi, N., Hosseinabadi, M., Bahamin, S., Fathi, A. (2017). The effect of sowing date and nitrogen on yield, and essential oil of German chamomile. Scientia Agriculturae, 19 (3): 85-92.
Garzi, A., Omidi, H., Bostan, A. (2019). Effect of Stevia rebaudiana seed priming treatments with salicylic acid, iron and zinc on some germination traits and photosynthetic pigments under drought stress. Iranian Seed Research, 6 (2): 125-135. (In Persian).
Gerami, M., Hamdian, A., Akbarpour, V. (2019). Investigation of the effect of putrescine and salicylic acid on some physiological and antioxidant properties of Stevia rebaudiana B. in salinity conditions. Journal of Crop Breeding, 11 (29): 40-54. (In Persian).
Hassanpour, H., & Niknam, V. (2014). Investigation of drought stress effect on growth and antioxidant enzymes activity in Mentha pulegium L. Journal of plant process and function. Vol. 3(8(, 25-34. (In Persian).
Jalili, Kh., and Moradi, H., Jalili, J. (2021). Evaluation of the effects of climate change on water needs of agricultural products using the Lars-WG model, Fifth International Congress on Agricultural Development, Natural Resources, Environment and Tourism of Iran, Tabriz. (In Persian).
Jones JB, Wolf B and Mills HA. (1999). Plant analysis Handbook, Micro-Macro publishing, Inc, Athens, GA. pp: 110.
Karami-Chame, S., Khalil-Tahmasbi, B., ShahMahmoodi, P., Abdollahi, A. Fathi, A., Seyed-Mousavi, S.J., Bahamin, S. (2016). Effects of salinity stress, salicylic acid and Pseudomonas on the physiological characteristics and yield of seed beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Scientia, 14(2): 23438.
Kardoni, F., Bahamin, S., Khalil Tahmasebi, B., Ghavim-Sadati, S., Vahdani, S. (2019). Yield Comparisons of Mung-bean as Affected by Its Different Nutritions (Chemical, Biological and Integration) under Tillage Systems. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 13(49(1)), 87-102. (In Persian).
Khorasaninejad, S., Mousavi, A., Soltanloo, H., Hemmati, K., & Khalighi, A. (2011). The effect of drought stress on growth parameters, essential oil yield and constituent of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(22), 5360-5365.
Khoshkhabar, H., Jafari, M. Feilinezhad, A., Bahamin, S. (2015). Effect of Sodium Silicate on the Yield and Yield Components of Pea under Salinity Stress. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 7(1): 1045-1049.
Koushesh, M., Arzani, K. and Barzegar, M. (2012). Postharvest polyamine application alleviates chilling injury and affects apricot storage ability. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 60: 8947-8953.
Maleki, A., Fathi, A., Bahamin, S. (2020). The effect of gibberellin hormone on yield, growth indices, and biochemical traits of corn (Zea Mays L.) under drought stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 15(59), 1-16. (In Persian).
Mamta, P.R., P. Vijaylata, G. Arvind, S. Bikram, K.B. Ravinder and T. Rupinder. (2010). Stimulatory effect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on plant growth, stevioside and rebaudioside-A contents of stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. Applied Soil Ecology, 46: 222-229.
Mehravaran, L., Omidi, M., Naghavi, M.R., Fakheri, B. (2019). Effect of different concentrations of salicylic acid on the expression of 13-hydroxylase kaurnic acid gene involved in the biosynthetic pathway of steviol glycosides in stevia. Journal of Modern Genetics, 14 (2): 89-99. (In Persian).
Modi AR, Patil G, Kumar N, Singh AS, Subhash N. (2012). A simple and efficient in vitro mass multiplication procedure for Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and analysis of genetic fidelity of in vitro raised plants through RAPD. Suger Technology. 3(5), 17-33.
Moghaddam, M., Mehdizade, L., Farsari, S. (2022). Effect of salicylic acid application on some physiological characteristics and essential oil production of lemon verbena (Lippia citrodora L.) under salinity stress. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 17(65), 54-65. (In Persian).
Murtaza G., Asghar R. and Abdul Majid S. (2010). Changes in specific activity of ascorbate peroxidase during seed development of pea (Pisum sativum L.) treated with salicylic acid. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 5333-5337.
Popova, L.P., Maslenkova, L.T., Yordanova R.Y., Ivanova, A.P., Krantev, A.P., Szalai, G., and Janda, T. (2009). Exogenous treatment with salicylic acid attenuates cadmium toxicity in pea seedlings. Plant Physiology Biochemical, 47:22431.
Rahimi, Y., Taleei, A., & Ranjbar, M. (2017). Changes in the expression of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of menthol and menthofuran in Mentha piperita L. under drought stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39(9), 203.
Rasouli, D., Solouki, M., Fakheri, B., & Esmaelzadeh, B. s. (2016). Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activities, proline, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and essential oils of Mentha piperita L. in response to foliar application of salicylic acid and manganese stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32)1(, 71-82. (In Farsi).
Rezaei, A., Lotfi, B., Jafari, M., & Bahamin, S. (2015). Survey of effects of PGPR and salinity on the characteristics of Nigella leaves. In Biological Forum-An International Journal, 7:1058-1092.
Saberi, M., karimian, V., Aran, M. (2021). Effect of gibberellic and salicylic acid on germination improvement and seedling resistance of Cassia angustifolia vahl. under allelopathic stress of eucalyptus camaldulensis compounds. Journal of Iranian Plant Ecophysiological Research, 16(63), 49-60. (In Persian).
Sarkar, A. K., Luijten, M., Miyashima, S., Lenhard, M., Hashimoto, T., Nakajima, K., & Laux, T. (2007). Conserved factors regulate signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana shoot and root stem cell organizers. Nature, 446(7137), 811-814.
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