تاثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاهپسند درختچه‌ای (Lantana camara Linn.) تحت تنش شوری
الموضوعات :
مریم دهستانی اردکانی
1
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
پریسا قاطعی
2
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
علی مومن پور
3
(مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.)
جلال غلام نژاد
4
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران -پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی و صنعتی، اردکان، ایران.)
زهرا فخاری پور چرخابی
5
(گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: نشت یونی, کلروفیل, رشد رویشی, سدیم, گیاه زینتی,
ملخص المقالة :
شاه پسند درختچه ای (Lantana camara Linn.) گیاه زینتی گلدار و متعلق به خانواده شاه پسند است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاه پسند درختچه ای تحت تنش شوری بود. آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، شامل سه سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (0، 5/0 و 1 میلی مولار) و پنج سطح شوری آبیاری (5/0، 3، 5، 7 و 9 دسی زیمنس برمتر)، به اجرا درآمد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری از 5/0 به 9 دسی زیمنس بر متر به طور معنی داری باعث کاهش کلیه سطوح پارامترهای رشدی، محتوای کلروفیل و جذب پتاسیم شد. در حالی که جذب سدیم، نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم و نشت یونی نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که اسید سالیسیلیک به طور قابل توجهی رشد گیاه و صفات فیزیولوژیک را بهبود بخشید. در شوری نه دسی زیمنس بر متر استفاده از یک میلی مولار اسید دسالیسیلیک میزان ارتفاع شاخه اصلی و تعداد گل ها را به ترتیب 22/3 و 14/2 برابر نسبت به شاهد افزایش و جذب سدیم را 46/2 برابر کاهش داد. در همین سطح شوری تیمار گیاهان با 5/0 میلی مولار اسید سالیسیلیک منجر به افزایش ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، افزایش قطر شاخه اصلی، تعداد گل ها و وزن تر گل به ترتیب 64/70 درصد، 15/2، 14/2 و 8/5 برابر، نسبت به شاهد شد. با توجه به اینکه گیاهان تا شوری هفت دسی زیمنس بر متر به خوبی رشد رویشی و گلدهی خود را حفظ نمود، به نظر می رسد که گیاه شاهپسند قادر به تحمل شوری باشد. به طور کلی، استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک (5/0 میلی مولار) در سطوح بالای شوری باعث بهبود خصوصیات رویشی، گلدهی و جذب عناصر غذایی تحت تنش شوری شد.
Abdolmohammadi, S., Omidi, J., hatamzadeh, A. and hassanpour asil, M. (2018). Evaluation of Salinity Stress Tolerance in (Matthiola incana L.) under Salicylic acid Treatment. Science Research and Applied Biology. 8(31): 121-131. (In Persian)
Ahmad, P., Alyemeni, M.N., Ahanger, M.A., Egamberdieva, D., Wijaya, L. and Alam, P. (2018). Salicylic acid (SA) induced alterations in growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant enzyme activity in Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings under NaCl toxicity. Russ. Journal of Plant Physiology. 65: 104–114
Ahmad, R., Hussain, S., Anjum, M.A., Khalid, M.F., Saqib, M., Zakir, I. and Hassan, A. (2019). Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Springer International Publishing, Cham.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06118-0.
Ahmadi, F., Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Momenpour, A. and Golamnezhad, J. (2020). Evaluation of some physiological and morphological characteristics of three genotypes of the ornamental pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) under salt stress. Journal of Plant Production Research. 27(2): 167-186. (in Persian)
Ahmed, B., H. Abidi, F. Manaa, A. M. Hajer and Z. Ezzeddine. (2009). Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters in tomato grown under salinity. In Proceeding of 16th International Plant Nutrition, 12 April, Davis. USA.
Aldesuquy. H. S. and Ibrahim, A. H. (2001). Water relations, abscisic acid and yield of wheat plants in relation to the interactive effect of seawater and growth bioregulators. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 187: 97-104.
Alencar, N.L.M., Gadelha, C.G., Gallão, M.I., Dolder, M.A.H., Prisco, J.T. and Gomes-Filho, E. (2015). Ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced by salt stress in Jatropha curcas seeds during germination and seedling development. Funct. Plant Biology. 42,
Arbona. V., Marco, A.J., Ijlesias, D.J., Lopez-Climent, M.F., Talon, M. and Gómez-Coudenas, A. (2005). Carbohydrate depletion in roots and leavers of salt stressed potted Citrus clemtina L. Plant Growth Regulator. 46(2): 153-160.
Arndt, S.K.K., Clifford, S.C., Wanek, W., Jones, H.G. and Popp, M. (2001). Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress. Tree Physiology. 21: 705-715.
Arnon, A.N. (1967). Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal. 23:112-121.
Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A., Arteca, R.N. and Foolad, M.R. (2010). The physiological, biochemical and molecular roles of brassinosteroids and salicylic acid in plant processes and salt tolerance. Critical Review of Plant Science. 29:162–190.
Batista, V.C.V., Pereira, I.M.C., de Oliveira Paula-Marinho, S., Canuto, K.M., Pereira, R.D.C.A., Rodrigues, T.H.S. and de Carvalho, H.H. (2019). Salicylic acid modulates primary and volatile metabolites to alleviate salt stress-induced photosynthesis impairment on medicinal plant Egletes viscosa. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 167: 103870.
Belkadhi, A., De Haro, A., Soengas, P., Obregon, S., Cartea, M.E., Chaibi, W. and Djebali, W. (2014). Salicylic acid increases tolerance to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide accumulation in leaves of cadmium-exposed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Journal of Plant Interaction. 9: 647–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2014.890751.
Bisbis, M.B., Gruda, N. and Blanke, M. (2018). Potential impacts of climate change on vegetable production and product quality – a review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 170: 1602–1620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.224.
Borsani, O., Valpuestan, V. and Botella, M.A. (2001). Evidence for a role of salicylic acid in the oxidative damage generated by NaCl and osmotic stress in Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Physiology. 126: 1024-1030.
Bukhat, S., Manzoor, H., Zafar, Z.U., Azeem, F. and Rasul, S. (2019). Salicylic acid induced photosynthetic adaptability of Raphanus sativus to salt Stress is associated with antioxidant capacity. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 39(2): 809-822.
Burg, M.B. and Ferraris, J.D. (2008). Intracellular organic osmolytes: function and regulation. Journal of Biolology and Chemistry. 283: 7309–7313. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R700042200.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Dashti, M., Shirmardi, M. and Momenpour, A. (2019). Effect of cow manure and vermicompost on increasing salt tolerance of golden rain tree. Journal of Forest Research Development. 5(4): 541-556. doi: 10.30466/jfrd.2019.120793. (In Persian)
El-Tayeb, M.A. (2005). Response of barley grains to the interactive e.eCt of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45: 215–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725- 005-4928-1.
Fayez, K.A. and Bazaid, S.A. (2014). Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. Journal of Saudi Socety of Agricultural Science. 13: 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2013.01.001. 1089/omi.2015.0161.
Ghasemi, M., Ghasemi, S., Hosseini Nasab, F., Rezaei, N. (2020). Effect of salicylic acid application on some growth traits of Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Production Research. 26(4): 163-176. (in Persian)
Ghisalberti, E.L. (2000). Lantana camara Linn. Review. Fitoterapia. 71: 467-485
Gorai, M., Ennajeh, M., Khemira, H. and Neffati, M. (2010). Combined effect of NaCl salinity and hypoxia on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and solute accumulation in Phragmites australis plants. Flora. 205(7): 462-470.
Grattan, S.R. and Grieve, C.M. (1999). Salinity-mineral-nutrient relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae. 78:127-157.
Grinishabankareh, H. and Khorasan Nezhad, S. (2017). The Effect of biological fertilizers and salicylic acid on quality and performance of medicinal herbs of anthrax in underwater regimes. Agricultural Landscaping. 19(2): 491- 475. (In Persian).
Hasanvand, H., siadat, S., Bakhshandeh, A., Moradi Telavat, M. and Poshtdar, A. (2020). Effects of salicylic acid on yield and nutrient uptake of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under interrupting irrigation conditions. Environmental Stress Crop Science. 13(2): 519-531. doi: 10.22077/escs.2019.2035.1504. (In Persian).
Hayat, Q., Hayat, H., Irfan, M. and Ahmad, A. (2010). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 68(1): 14-25.
Herrera-V´asquez, A., Salinas, P. and Holuigue, L. (2015). Salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species interplay in the transcriptional control of defense genes expression. Front. Plant. Science. 6: 171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00171.
Hu, Y.C. and Schmidhalter, U. (2005). Drought and salinity: a comparison of their effects on mineral nutrition of plants Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 168: 541-549.
Jayakannan, M., Bose, J., Babourina, O., Rengel, Z. and Shabala, S. (2013). Salicylic acid improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis by restoring membrane potential and preventing salt-induced K+ loss via a GORK channel. Journal of Expperimental Botany. 64: 2255–2268.
Kafi, M., Borzoee, A., Salehi, M., Kamandi, A., Masoumi, A. and Nabati, J. (2009). Physiology of environmental stresses in plants. Jahad daneshgahi Mashhad. 502 pp. (In Persian).
Kalhor, M., Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Shirmardi, M. and Gholamnezhad, J. (2019). Effect of Different Media Cultures on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Plants under Salt Stress. Journal of Plant Production Research (Agronomy, Breeding and Horticulture). 42(1): 89-102. (In Persian)
Kalita, S., Kumar, G., Karthik, L., Venkata, V. and Rao, B. (2012). A Review on Medicinal Properties of Lantana camara Linn. Research. Journal of Pharma and Technology. 5(6):711-715
Kamali, M., Kharazi, S.M., elahvarzi, Y. and Tehranifar, A. (2012). Effect of salisylic acid on some morphophysiologic traits of Gomphrena globosa L. under salt stress. J ournal of Horticultural Science. 26(1): 104-112.
Keutgen, A.J. and Pawelzik, E. (2009). Impacts of NaCl stress on plant growth and mineral nutrient assimilation in two cultivars of strawberry. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 65: 170–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2008.08.002.
Khan, M.I.R., Asgher, M. and Khan, N.A. (2014). Alleviation of salt-induced photosynthesis and growth inhibition by salicylic acid involves glycinebetaine and ethylene in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 80: 67–74.
Khan, M.I.R., Fatma, M., Per, T.S., Anjum, N.A.and Khan, N.A. (2015). Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Front. Plant. Sci. 6: 462. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00462.
Khodary, S.E.A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt-stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agricultural Biology. 6: 5-8.
Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1981). Indian Medicinal Plants. 1: 6.6.
Lee, S.Y., Damodaran, P.N. and Roh, K.S. (2014). Influence of salicylic acid on rubisco and rubisco activase in tobacco plant grown under sodium chloride in vitro. Saudi Journal of Biological Science. 21: 417–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.04.002.
Li, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., Yang, R., Ding, C. and Wang, X. (2014). The physiological response of Artemisia annua L. to salt stress and salicylic acid treatment. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 20: 161–169.
Li, T., Hu, Y., Du, X., Tang, H., Shen, C. and Wu, J. (2014). Salicylic acid alleviates the adverse effects of salt stress in Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii seedlings by activating photosynthesis and enhancing antioxidant systems. PLOS ONE 9, e109492.
Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M. and Bouharmont, J. (1995). Changes in plant response to NaCl during development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties differing in salinity resistance Journal of Expperimental Botany. 46: 1843–1852.
Lyengar. E.R. and Reddyو M.P. (1996). Photosynthesis in highly salt tolerant plants. In:Pesserkali, M.(Ed), Handbook of photosynthesis. Marshal Dekar, Baten Rose, USA, 897-909.
Mahroof, S., Qureshi, U.S., Chughtai, S., Shah, M., John, S. and Qureshi, A. (2017). Effect of different growth stimulants on growth and flower quality of zinnia (Zinnia elegans) var. Benery’s giant. IJB., 11(2): 25-34.
Mastrogiannidou, E., Chatzissavvidis, C., Antonopoulou, C., Tsabardoukas, V., Giannakoula, A. and Therios, I. (2016). Response of pomegranate cv. wonderful plants tο salinity. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 16(3): 621-636.
Miao, Y., Luo, X., Gao, X., Wang, W., Li, B. and Hou, L. (2020). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates salt stress by improving leaf photosynthesis and root system architecture in cucumber seedlings. Scientia Horticulturae. 272: 109577.
Mimouni, H., Wasti, S., Manaa, A., Gharbi, E., Chalh, A., Vandoorne, B., Lutts, S. and Ahmed, Ben, H. (2016). Does salicylic acid (SA) improve tolerance to salt stress in plants? Astudy of SA effects on tomato plant growth, water dynamics, photosynthesis, and biochemical parameters. Omi. Journal of Integrative of Biology. 20: 180–190. https://doi.org/10.
Misra, N. and Saxena, P. (2009). Effect of salicylic acid on proline metabolism in lentil grown under salinity stress. Plant Science. 177: 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci. 2009.05.007.
Mittal, S., Kumari, N. and Sharma, V. (2012). Differential response of salt stress on Brassica juncea: photosynthetic performance, pigment, proline, D1 and antioxidant enzymes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 54: 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.02.003.
Moghadam Yar, M., Souri, M., Motalebi, E. and Rouzban, M. (2018). Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on growth characteristics of lolium grass under salt stress condition. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 20(4): 139-152. doi: 10.22034/jest.2019.13707
Momenpour, A., Imani, A., Bakhshi, D. and Akbarpour, E. (2018). Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance of some selected almond genotypes budded on GF677 rootstock. International Journal of Fruit Science. 18(4): 410-435.
Mousavi, S.A., Tatari, M., Mehnatkesh, A. and Haghighati, B. (2009). Vegetative Growth Response of Young Seedlings of Five Almond Cultivars to Water Deficit. Seed Plant Improvment Journal. 25(4): 551-567.
Munns, R. and Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59: 651-681.
Nazari Kia, H. (2011). Effect of salicylic acid on morpholoagical and physiological traits of two olive cultivars (Koronaki and Dezphul) under drought stress. M.Sc. thesis. Faculty of Agriculture Urmia University, Iran. (In Persian)
Neocleous, D. and Vasilakakis, M. (2007). Effects of NaCl stress on red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. "Autumn Bliss"). Scientia Horticulturae. 112: 282-289.
Noreen, S. and Ashraf, M. (2010). Modulation of salt (NaCl)-induced effects on oil composition and fatty acid profile of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture. 90: 2608–2616. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa. 4129.
Osuagwu, G.G.E., Edeoga, H.O. and Osuagwu, A.N. (2010). The influence of water stress (drought) on the mineral and vitamin potential of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2: 27-33.
Padash, A., Ghanbari, A. and Asgharipour, M.R. (2016). Effect of salicylic acid on concentration of nutrients, protein and antioxidant enzymes of basil under lead stress. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology. 8(27): 17-32. (In Persian)
Parida, A.K. and Das, A.B. (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safty. 60: 324–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.06. 010.
Parihar, P., Singh, S., Singh, R., Singh, V.P. and Prasad, S.M. (2015). Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Environmental Science Pollution Research. 22: 4056–4075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3739-1.
Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y., Rousta, M.J. and Hashemi, S.E. (2017). Effect of salicylic acid on biochemical attributes and grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Nosrat) under saline conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Science. 18: 3. 232-244. (In Persian)
Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y. and Sepaskhah, A.R. (2015). Improving barley performance by proper foliar applied salicylic-acid under saline conditions. Int. Journal of Plant Production. 9 (3): 467-486.
Poustini, K. and Siosemardeh, A. (2004). Ion distribution in wheat cultivars in response to salinity stress. Field Crops Research. 85: 125–133.
Raghami, M., Staji, A., Bagheri, A. and Ariakia, A. (2016). Effect of salinity and salicylic acid on some morphological specifications of (Solanum melongena var. Taki) in soil culture system. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Crops. 7(2): 87-77. (In Persian)
Rahnama, A., Poustini, K., Tavakkol-Afshari, R., Ahmadi, A. and Alizadeh, H. (2011). Growth properties and ion distribution in different tissues of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) differing in salt tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 197: 21-30.
Ranjbar. G., Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. and Besharat, N. (2017). Determination of the optimum concentration and time of salicylic acid foliar application for improving barley growth under non-saline and saline conditions. Journal of Crop Production. 22: 61-73
Richards, L.A. (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Agric. Handbook 60, USDA, Washington DC.
Romero-Aranda, R., Soria, T. and Cuartero, J. (2001). Tomato plant-water uptake and plantwater relationships under saline growth conditions. Plant Science. 160: 265–272. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00388-5.
Sairam, R.K., Rao, K.V. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Differential response of wheat genotypes to longterm salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163: 1037–1046.
Salimi, F. and Shekari, F. (2012). The effects of methyl jasmonate and salinity on some morphological characters and flower yield of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilia L.). Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 4: 11. 27-38. (In Persian)
Semiz, G.D., Unlukara, A., Yurtseven, E., Suarez, D.L. and Telci, I. (2012). Salinity impact on yield, water use, mineral and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare mill.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 18: 177–186.
Shakirova, F.M. (2007). Role of Hormonal System in the Manifestation of Growth Promoting and Anti-Stress Action of Salicylic Acid. In: Hayat, H. and A. Ahmad (Eds.) Salicylic Acid, A Plant Hormone. Springer, Dordrecht.
Shelden, M.C., Roessner, U., Sharp, R. E., Tester, M. and Bacic, A. (2013). Genetic variation in the root growth response of barley genotypes to salinity stress. Functional Plant Biology. 40(5): 516–530.
Shibli, R.A., Kushad, M., Yousef, G.G. and Lila, M.A. (2007). Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato micro shoots to induced salinity stress with associated ethylene accumulation. Plant Growth Regulation, 51: 159-169.
Singh, B. and Usha, K. (2003). Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seedlings under water stress. Plant Growth Regulation. 39: 37-141.
Souana, K., Taïbi, K., Abderrahim, L.A., Amirat, M., Achir, M., Boussaid, M. and Mulet, J.M. (2020). Salt-tolerance in Vicia faba L. is mitigated by the capacity of salicylic acid to improve photosynthesis and antioxidant response. Scientia Horticulturae. 273: 109641.
Stevens, J., Senaratna, T. and Sivasithamparam, K. (2006). Salicylic acid induces salinity tolerance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Roma): associated changes in gas exchange, water relations and membrane stabilization. Plant Growth Regulation. 49: 77-83.
Szabados, L., Kovács, H., Zilberstein, A. and Bouchereau, A. (2011). Plants in extreme environments. Advances in Botanical Researches. 105–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387692-8. 00004-7.
Taize, L. and Zeiger, E. (1998). Plant Physiology. Sinauar Associates, Inc. Pub., Massachusetts.
Tatar, Ö., Brueck, H., Gevrek, M.N. and Asch, F. (2010). Physiological responses of two Turkish rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties to salinity. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Foresty. 34: 451–459. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-0908-311.
Tester, M. and Davenport, R. (2003). Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Ann Bot. 91: 503-505
Xu, E. and Brosch´e, M. (2014). Salicylic acid signaling inhibits apoplastic reactive oxygen species signaling. BMC Plant Biology. 14: 155.
Zhu, L., Wang, P., Zhang, W., Hui, F. and Chen, X. (2017). Effects of selenium application on nutrient uptake and nutritional quality of Codonopsis lanceolata. Scientia Horticulturae. 225: 574–580.
Zörb, C., Geilfus, C.M. and Dietz, K.J. (2019). Salinity and crop yield. Plant Biology. 21: 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12884.
_||_
Abdolmohammadi, S., Omidi, J., hatamzadeh, A. and hassanpour asil, M. (2018). Evaluation of Salinity Stress Tolerance in (Matthiola incana L.) under Salicylic acid Treatment. Science Research and Applied Biology. 8(31): 121-131. (In Persian)
Ahmad, P., Alyemeni, M.N., Ahanger, M.A., Egamberdieva, D., Wijaya, L. and Alam, P. (2018). Salicylic acid (SA) induced alterations in growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant enzyme activity in Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings under NaCl toxicity. Russ. Journal of Plant Physiology. 65: 104–114
Ahmad, R., Hussain, S., Anjum, M.A., Khalid, M.F., Saqib, M., Zakir, I. and Hassan, A. (2019). Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Springer International Publishing, Cham.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06118-0.
Ahmadi, F., Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Momenpour, A. and Golamnezhad, J. (2020). Evaluation of some physiological and morphological characteristics of three genotypes of the ornamental pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) under salt stress. Journal of Plant Production Research. 27(2): 167-186. (in Persian)
Ahmed, B., H. Abidi, F. Manaa, A. M. Hajer and Z. Ezzeddine. (2009). Salicylic acid induced changes on some physiological parameters in tomato grown under salinity. In Proceeding of 16th International Plant Nutrition, 12 April, Davis. USA.
Aldesuquy. H. S. and Ibrahim, A. H. (2001). Water relations, abscisic acid and yield of wheat plants in relation to the interactive effect of seawater and growth bioregulators. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 187: 97-104.
Alencar, N.L.M., Gadelha, C.G., Gallão, M.I., Dolder, M.A.H., Prisco, J.T. and Gomes-Filho, E. (2015). Ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced by salt stress in Jatropha curcas seeds during germination and seedling development. Funct. Plant Biology. 42,
Arbona. V., Marco, A.J., Ijlesias, D.J., Lopez-Climent, M.F., Talon, M. and Gómez-Coudenas, A. (2005). Carbohydrate depletion in roots and leavers of salt stressed potted Citrus clemtina L. Plant Growth Regulator. 46(2): 153-160.
Arndt, S.K.K., Clifford, S.C., Wanek, W., Jones, H.G. and Popp, M. (2001). Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress. Tree Physiology. 21: 705-715.
Arnon, A.N. (1967). Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agronomy Journal. 23:112-121.
Ashraf, M., Akram, N.A., Arteca, R.N. and Foolad, M.R. (2010). The physiological, biochemical and molecular roles of brassinosteroids and salicylic acid in plant processes and salt tolerance. Critical Review of Plant Science. 29:162–190.
Batista, V.C.V., Pereira, I.M.C., de Oliveira Paula-Marinho, S., Canuto, K.M., Pereira, R.D.C.A., Rodrigues, T.H.S. and de Carvalho, H.H. (2019). Salicylic acid modulates primary and volatile metabolites to alleviate salt stress-induced photosynthesis impairment on medicinal plant Egletes viscosa. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 167: 103870.
Belkadhi, A., De Haro, A., Soengas, P., Obregon, S., Cartea, M.E., Chaibi, W. and Djebali, W. (2014). Salicylic acid increases tolerance to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide accumulation in leaves of cadmium-exposed flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Journal of Plant Interaction. 9: 647–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2014.890751.
Bisbis, M.B., Gruda, N. and Blanke, M. (2018). Potential impacts of climate change on vegetable production and product quality – a review. Journal of Cleaner Production. 170: 1602–1620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.224.
Borsani, O., Valpuestan, V. and Botella, M.A. (2001). Evidence for a role of salicylic acid in the oxidative damage generated by NaCl and osmotic stress in Arabidopsis seedlings. Plant Physiology. 126: 1024-1030.
Bukhat, S., Manzoor, H., Zafar, Z.U., Azeem, F. and Rasul, S. (2019). Salicylic acid induced photosynthetic adaptability of Raphanus sativus to salt Stress is associated with antioxidant capacity. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 39(2): 809-822.
Burg, M.B. and Ferraris, J.D. (2008). Intracellular organic osmolytes: function and regulation. Journal of Biolology and Chemistry. 283: 7309–7313. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.R700042200.
Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Dashti, M., Shirmardi, M. and Momenpour, A. (2019). Effect of cow manure and vermicompost on increasing salt tolerance of golden rain tree. Journal of Forest Research Development. 5(4): 541-556. doi: 10.30466/jfrd.2019.120793. (In Persian)
El-Tayeb, M.A. (2005). Response of barley grains to the interactive e.eCt of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation. 45: 215–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725- 005-4928-1.
Fayez, K.A. and Bazaid, S.A. (2014). Improving drought and salinity tolerance in barley by application of salicylic acid and potassium nitrate. Journal of Saudi Socety of Agricultural Science. 13: 45–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2013.01.001. 1089/omi.2015.0161.
Ghasemi, M., Ghasemi, S., Hosseini Nasab, F., Rezaei, N. (2020). Effect of salicylic acid application on some growth traits of Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Production Research. 26(4): 163-176. (in Persian)
Ghisalberti, E.L. (2000). Lantana camara Linn. Review. Fitoterapia. 71: 467-485
Gorai, M., Ennajeh, M., Khemira, H. and Neffati, M. (2010). Combined effect of NaCl salinity and hypoxia on growth, photosynthesis, water relations and solute accumulation in Phragmites australis plants. Flora. 205(7): 462-470.
Grattan, S.R. and Grieve, C.M. (1999). Salinity-mineral-nutrient relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae. 78:127-157.
Grinishabankareh, H. and Khorasan Nezhad, S. (2017). The Effect of biological fertilizers and salicylic acid on quality and performance of medicinal herbs of anthrax in underwater regimes. Agricultural Landscaping. 19(2): 491- 475. (In Persian).
Hasanvand, H., siadat, S., Bakhshandeh, A., Moradi Telavat, M. and Poshtdar, A. (2020). Effects of salicylic acid on yield and nutrient uptake of borage (Borago officinalis L.) under interrupting irrigation conditions. Environmental Stress Crop Science. 13(2): 519-531. doi: 10.22077/escs.2019.2035.1504. (In Persian).
Hayat, Q., Hayat, H., Irfan, M. and Ahmad, A. (2010). Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: A review. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 68(1): 14-25.
Herrera-V´asquez, A., Salinas, P. and Holuigue, L. (2015). Salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species interplay in the transcriptional control of defense genes expression. Front. Plant. Science. 6: 171. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00171.
Hu, Y.C. and Schmidhalter, U. (2005). Drought and salinity: a comparison of their effects on mineral nutrition of plants Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. 168: 541-549.
Jayakannan, M., Bose, J., Babourina, O., Rengel, Z. and Shabala, S. (2013). Salicylic acid improves salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis by restoring membrane potential and preventing salt-induced K+ loss via a GORK channel. Journal of Expperimental Botany. 64: 2255–2268.
Kafi, M., Borzoee, A., Salehi, M., Kamandi, A., Masoumi, A. and Nabati, J. (2009). Physiology of environmental stresses in plants. Jahad daneshgahi Mashhad. 502 pp. (In Persian).
Kalhor, M., Dehestani-Ardakani, M., Shirmardi, M. and Gholamnezhad, J. (2019). Effect of Different Media Cultures on Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Plants under Salt Stress. Journal of Plant Production Research (Agronomy, Breeding and Horticulture). 42(1): 89-102. (In Persian)
Kalita, S., Kumar, G., Karthik, L., Venkata, V. and Rao, B. (2012). A Review on Medicinal Properties of Lantana camara Linn. Research. Journal of Pharma and Technology. 5(6):711-715
Kamali, M., Kharazi, S.M., elahvarzi, Y. and Tehranifar, A. (2012). Effect of salisylic acid on some morphophysiologic traits of Gomphrena globosa L. under salt stress. J ournal of Horticultural Science. 26(1): 104-112.
Keutgen, A.J. and Pawelzik, E. (2009). Impacts of NaCl stress on plant growth and mineral nutrient assimilation in two cultivars of strawberry. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 65: 170–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2008.08.002.
Khan, M.I.R., Asgher, M. and Khan, N.A. (2014). Alleviation of salt-induced photosynthesis and growth inhibition by salicylic acid involves glycinebetaine and ethylene in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 80: 67–74.
Khan, M.I.R., Fatma, M., Per, T.S., Anjum, N.A.and Khan, N.A. (2015). Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Front. Plant. Sci. 6: 462. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00462.
Khodary, S.E.A. (2004). Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt-stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agricultural Biology. 6: 5-8.
Kirtikar, K.R. and Basu, B.D. (1981). Indian Medicinal Plants. 1: 6.6.
Lee, S.Y., Damodaran, P.N. and Roh, K.S. (2014). Influence of salicylic acid on rubisco and rubisco activase in tobacco plant grown under sodium chloride in vitro. Saudi Journal of Biological Science. 21: 417–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2014.04.002.
Li, L., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., Yang, R., Ding, C. and Wang, X. (2014). The physiological response of Artemisia annua L. to salt stress and salicylic acid treatment. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 20: 161–169.
Li, T., Hu, Y., Du, X., Tang, H., Shen, C. and Wu, J. (2014). Salicylic acid alleviates the adverse effects of salt stress in Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii seedlings by activating photosynthesis and enhancing antioxidant systems. PLOS ONE 9, e109492.
Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M. and Bouharmont, J. (1995). Changes in plant response to NaCl during development of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties differing in salinity resistance Journal of Expperimental Botany. 46: 1843–1852.
Lyengar. E.R. and Reddyو M.P. (1996). Photosynthesis in highly salt tolerant plants. In:Pesserkali, M.(Ed), Handbook of photosynthesis. Marshal Dekar, Baten Rose, USA, 897-909.
Mahroof, S., Qureshi, U.S., Chughtai, S., Shah, M., John, S. and Qureshi, A. (2017). Effect of different growth stimulants on growth and flower quality of zinnia (Zinnia elegans) var. Benery’s giant. IJB., 11(2): 25-34.
Mastrogiannidou, E., Chatzissavvidis, C., Antonopoulou, C., Tsabardoukas, V., Giannakoula, A. and Therios, I. (2016). Response of pomegranate cv. wonderful plants tο salinity. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 16(3): 621-636.
Miao, Y., Luo, X., Gao, X., Wang, W., Li, B. and Hou, L. (2020). Exogenous salicylic acid alleviates salt stress by improving leaf photosynthesis and root system architecture in cucumber seedlings. Scientia Horticulturae. 272: 109577.
Mimouni, H., Wasti, S., Manaa, A., Gharbi, E., Chalh, A., Vandoorne, B., Lutts, S. and Ahmed, Ben, H. (2016). Does salicylic acid (SA) improve tolerance to salt stress in plants? Astudy of SA effects on tomato plant growth, water dynamics, photosynthesis, and biochemical parameters. Omi. Journal of Integrative of Biology. 20: 180–190. https://doi.org/10.
Misra, N. and Saxena, P. (2009). Effect of salicylic acid on proline metabolism in lentil grown under salinity stress. Plant Science. 177: 181–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci. 2009.05.007.
Mittal, S., Kumari, N. and Sharma, V. (2012). Differential response of salt stress on Brassica juncea: photosynthetic performance, pigment, proline, D1 and antioxidant enzymes. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 54: 17–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.02.003.
Moghadam Yar, M., Souri, M., Motalebi, E. and Rouzban, M. (2018). Effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on growth characteristics of lolium grass under salt stress condition. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 20(4): 139-152. doi: 10.22034/jest.2019.13707
Momenpour, A., Imani, A., Bakhshi, D. and Akbarpour, E. (2018). Evaluation of Salinity Tolerance of some selected almond genotypes budded on GF677 rootstock. International Journal of Fruit Science. 18(4): 410-435.
Mousavi, S.A., Tatari, M., Mehnatkesh, A. and Haghighati, B. (2009). Vegetative Growth Response of Young Seedlings of Five Almond Cultivars to Water Deficit. Seed Plant Improvment Journal. 25(4): 551-567.
Munns, R. and Tester, M. (2008). Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 59: 651-681.
Nazari Kia, H. (2011). Effect of salicylic acid on morpholoagical and physiological traits of two olive cultivars (Koronaki and Dezphul) under drought stress. M.Sc. thesis. Faculty of Agriculture Urmia University, Iran. (In Persian)
Neocleous, D. and Vasilakakis, M. (2007). Effects of NaCl stress on red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. "Autumn Bliss"). Scientia Horticulturae. 112: 282-289.
Noreen, S. and Ashraf, M. (2010). Modulation of salt (NaCl)-induced effects on oil composition and fatty acid profile of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by exogenous application of salicylic acid. Journal of Science Food and Agriculture. 90: 2608–2616. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa. 4129.
Osuagwu, G.G.E., Edeoga, H.O. and Osuagwu, A.N. (2010). The influence of water stress (drought) on the mineral and vitamin potential of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L. Recent Research in Science and Technology. 2: 27-33.
Padash, A., Ghanbari, A. and Asgharipour, M.R. (2016). Effect of salicylic acid on concentration of nutrients, protein and antioxidant enzymes of basil under lead stress. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology. 8(27): 17-32. (In Persian)
Parida, A.K. and Das, A.B. (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safty. 60: 324–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.06. 010.
Parihar, P., Singh, S., Singh, R., Singh, V.P. and Prasad, S.M. (2015). Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Environmental Science Pollution Research. 22: 4056–4075. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3739-1.
Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y., Rousta, M.J. and Hashemi, S.E. (2017). Effect of salicylic acid on biochemical attributes and grain yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Nosrat) under saline conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Science. 18: 3. 232-244. (In Persian)
Pirasteh-Anosheh, H., Emam, Y. and Sepaskhah, A.R. (2015). Improving barley performance by proper foliar applied salicylic-acid under saline conditions. Int. Journal of Plant Production. 9 (3): 467-486.
Poustini, K. and Siosemardeh, A. (2004). Ion distribution in wheat cultivars in response to salinity stress. Field Crops Research. 85: 125–133.
Raghami, M., Staji, A., Bagheri, A. and Ariakia, A. (2016). Effect of salinity and salicylic acid on some morphological specifications of (Solanum melongena var. Taki) in soil culture system. Science and Technology of Greenhouse Crops. 7(2): 87-77. (In Persian)
Rahnama, A., Poustini, K., Tavakkol-Afshari, R., Ahmadi, A. and Alizadeh, H. (2011). Growth properties and ion distribution in different tissues of bread wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.) differing in salt tolerance. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 197: 21-30.
Ranjbar. G., Pirasteh-Anosheh, H. and Besharat, N. (2017). Determination of the optimum concentration and time of salicylic acid foliar application for improving barley growth under non-saline and saline conditions. Journal of Crop Production. 22: 61-73
Richards, L.A. (1954). Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. Agric. Handbook 60, USDA, Washington DC.
Romero-Aranda, R., Soria, T. and Cuartero, J. (2001). Tomato plant-water uptake and plantwater relationships under saline growth conditions. Plant Science. 160: 265–272. https:// doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00388-5.
Sairam, R.K., Rao, K.V. and Srivastava, G.C. (2002). Differential response of wheat genotypes to longterm salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science. 163: 1037–1046.
Salimi, F. and Shekari, F. (2012). The effects of methyl jasmonate and salinity on some morphological characters and flower yield of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilia L.). Journal of Integrative Plant Biology. 4: 11. 27-38. (In Persian)
Semiz, G.D., Unlukara, A., Yurtseven, E., Suarez, D.L. and Telci, I. (2012). Salinity impact on yield, water use, mineral and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare mill.). Journal of Agricultural Science. 18: 177–186.
Shakirova, F.M. (2007). Role of Hormonal System in the Manifestation of Growth Promoting and Anti-Stress Action of Salicylic Acid. In: Hayat, H. and A. Ahmad (Eds.) Salicylic Acid, A Plant Hormone. Springer, Dordrecht.
Shelden, M.C., Roessner, U., Sharp, R. E., Tester, M. and Bacic, A. (2013). Genetic variation in the root growth response of barley genotypes to salinity stress. Functional Plant Biology. 40(5): 516–530.
Shibli, R.A., Kushad, M., Yousef, G.G. and Lila, M.A. (2007). Physiological and biochemical responses of tomato micro shoots to induced salinity stress with associated ethylene accumulation. Plant Growth Regulation, 51: 159-169.
Singh, B. and Usha, K. (2003). Salicylic acid induced physiological and biochemical changes in wheat seedlings under water stress. Plant Growth Regulation. 39: 37-141.
Souana, K., Taïbi, K., Abderrahim, L.A., Amirat, M., Achir, M., Boussaid, M. and Mulet, J.M. (2020). Salt-tolerance in Vicia faba L. is mitigated by the capacity of salicylic acid to improve photosynthesis and antioxidant response. Scientia Horticulturae. 273: 109641.
Stevens, J., Senaratna, T. and Sivasithamparam, K. (2006). Salicylic acid induces salinity tolerance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Roma): associated changes in gas exchange, water relations and membrane stabilization. Plant Growth Regulation. 49: 77-83.
Szabados, L., Kovács, H., Zilberstein, A. and Bouchereau, A. (2011). Plants in extreme environments. Advances in Botanical Researches. 105–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387692-8. 00004-7.
Taize, L. and Zeiger, E. (1998). Plant Physiology. Sinauar Associates, Inc. Pub., Massachusetts.
Tatar, Ö., Brueck, H., Gevrek, M.N. and Asch, F. (2010). Physiological responses of two Turkish rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties to salinity. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Foresty. 34: 451–459. https://doi.org/10.3906/tar-0908-311.
Tester, M. and Davenport, R. (2003). Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Ann Bot. 91: 503-505
Xu, E. and Brosch´e, M. (2014). Salicylic acid signaling inhibits apoplastic reactive oxygen species signaling. BMC Plant Biology. 14: 155.
Zhu, L., Wang, P., Zhang, W., Hui, F. and Chen, X. (2017). Effects of selenium application on nutrient uptake and nutritional quality of Codonopsis lanceolata. Scientia Horticulturae. 225: 574–580.
Zörb, C., Geilfus, C.M. and Dietz, K.J. (2019). Salinity and crop yield. Plant Biology. 21: 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12884.
