اثر تنش خشکی و کاربرد زئولیت بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی، فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی و عملکرد کمی و کیفی ژنوتیپهای کلزا (Brassica napus L.)
الموضوعات :امید لطفی فر 1 , لیلا متقی 2 , امیرحسین شیرانی راد 3 , سمانه متقی 4
1 - گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیامنور، تهران، ایران.
2 - پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
4 - گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: پراکسیداز, پرولین, تنشخشکی, کاتالاز و مالوندیآلدئید,
ملخص المقالة :
بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد زئولیت بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک، فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی و عملکرد دانه و روغن گیاه کلزا در شرایط تنشخشکی آزمایشی بهصورت فاکتوریل-اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقات موسسه اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج اجرا شد. تنشخشکی در سه سطح (آبیاری پس از 40، 60 و 80 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی بهترتیب به عنوان عدم تنش، تنش متوسط و تنش شدید) و کاربرد زئولیت در دو سطح (صفر و 10 تن در هکتار زئولیت) به صورت فاکتوریل در کرت های اصلی و ژنوتیپ های کلزا (لاین KR4 و Eldo و ارقام GKH305 و Anatol) در کرتهای فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تنشخشکی، در تمامی سطوح زئولیت و ژنوتیپهای کلزا، سبب کاهش آب نسبی برگ و افزایش درجه حرارت سایهانداز و مقاومت روزنه ای، همچنین میزان قندهای محلول و پرولین و فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی کاتالاز و پراکسیداز و میزان مالون دی آلدئید در برگهای جوان بالای بوته گردید. دو تنش متوسط و شدید خشکی سبب کاهش عملکرد دانه روغن شد. با افزایش شدت تنش کارایی زئولیت در کاهش اثرات منفی تنش افزایش یافت و استفاده از آن در شرایط اعمال تنش متوسط و شدید باعث کاهش معنیدار در فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی کاتالاز و پراکسیداز، همچنین کاهش میزان قندهای محلول و غلظت پرولین شد. کاربرد زئولیت موجب افزایش معنیدار عملکرد دانه در تیمار عدم تنش، تنش متوسط و شدید و افزایش عملکرد. در بین ژنوتیپها لاین KR4 و رقم GKH305 بهترتیب در صورت استفاده و عدم استفاده از زئولیت بالاترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند ولی با اعمال تنش متوسط و شدید رقم Anatol کمترین میزان خسارت و بالاترین عملکرد را در بین ژنوتیپ های مورد بررسی به خود اختصاص داد. براساس نتایج بهدست آمده، استفاده از زئولیت در تمامی سطوح تنش سبب افزایش معنیدار عملکرد کلزا شد که با افزایش محدودیت آبی، کارایی آن بالاتر رفت.
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