ارزیابی تحمل به شرایط غرقابی نهال های دوساله ون (Fraxinus excelsior L.)
الموضوعات :قاسم علی پاراد 1 , مسعود طبری کوچکسرایی 2 , علی خدادوست 3 , سید احسان ساداتی 4 , نبی عزیزی 5
1 - گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
2 - گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
3 - گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
4 - موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، مازندران، ایران
5 - گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: رویش قطری, صفات مورفولوژیکی, احیای اراضی, غرقابی موقت, نرخ فتوسنتز,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف این تحقیق بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی و موفولوژیکی نهالهای دو ساله ون (Fraxinus excelsior L.) به شرایط غرقابی بود. بدین منظور نهالهای ون در طرحی کاملا تصادفی به مدت 102 روز تحت تاثیر تیمار غرقابی دائم، غرقاب موقت (غرقاب به‌مدت 60 روز و به دنبال آن 42 روز زهکشی) و شاهد قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد در پایان دوره، اگرچه کلیه نهال‌ها در هر سه شرایط آزمایش زنده ماندند اما در محیط‌های غرقابی، کاهش تدریجی هدایت روزنه‌ای، تعرق و نرخ فتوسنتز در طول تنش مشاهده شد. این در حالی است که پس از حذف عامل تنش (شرایط غرقاب موقت)، نهال‌ها توانستند تا حد زیادی فعالیت‌های فیزیولوژیکی خود را احیا کنند. رویش قطری نهال‌ها در تیمار غرقابی موقت افزایش یافت اما مقادیر رویش ارتفاعی، طول ریشه، سطح برگ و وزن خشک اندام‌های مختلف نهال‌ها در هر دو محیط غرقابی روند نزولی را طی نمود. به‌‌طورکلی، می‌توان اظهار داشت که نهالهای دوساله ون پاسخ مناسبی نسبت به تنش غرقابی تا روز 60ام داده و بعد از 42 روز زهکشی، مشخصه‌های فیزیولوژیکی آنها بازیابی شد. از این تحقیق می‌توان استنتاج کرد که در شمال کشور، در مناطقی که در معرض سیلاب‌های دوره‌ای قرار دارند بتوان از نهال ون با اهداف احیاء اراضی و تولید چوب استفاده کرد.
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