تعیین مناسب‌ترین روش اصلاحی برآورد باررسوب معلّق (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز تنگ بستانک)
الموضوعات :
احمد نوحه گر
1
(استاد دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران)
محمد کاظمی
2
(دانشجوی دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان)
سید جواد احمدی
3
(دانشیار پژوهشکده چرخه سوخت، سازمان انرژی اتمی)
حمید غلامی
4
(استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان)
رسول مهدوی
5
(استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه هرمزگان)
تاريخ الإرسال : 25 الإثنين , رجب, 1437
تاريخ التأكيد : 13 الأحد , صفر, 1438
تاريخ الإصدار : 21 الإثنين , صفر, 1438
الکلمات المفتاحية:
روش‌های اصلاحی,
رسوب معلّق,
ضریب‌کارایی,
روش تخمین‌گرشبه‌بیشینه درست‌نمایی,
تنگ بستانک,
ملخص المقالة :
برآورد صحیح از میزان رسوب حمل شده توسط سیستم آبراهه یک حوزه آبخیز در طراحی تمام پروژه های آبی و حفاظت خاک ضروری می باشد. با توجه به تبدیل لگاریتمی داده های دبی – رسوب، نیاز به اصلاح اریب زیاد معادلات رگرسیونی سنجه رسوب می باشد. از این رو تحقیق حاضر درصدد ارزیابی عملکرد 6 روش سازمان خواروبار و کشاورزی جهانی (FAO)، روش اصلاح گر (LS)، روش اداره عمران اراضی ایالات متحده(USBR)، برآوردکننده نااریب با حداقل واریانس(MVUE)، روش کائو(β) و تخمین گر شبه بیشینه درست نمایی (MQMLE)در برآورد رسوب معلّق در حالت بدون تقسیم بندی داده ها در حوزه ی آبخیز تنگ بستانک بود. بدین منظور از شاخص های مجذور مربعات خطا (RMSE)، ضریب کارایی مدل(CE)، برآورد خطای نسبی(ER)، انحراف استاندارد عمومی(GSD)، شاخص نسبت اختلاف(r)، شاخص صحّت(P) و تفاوت توزیع احتمالاتی رسوب مشاهداتی و برآوردی استفاده شد. ضریب تبیین رسوب معلّق مشاهداتی و برآوردی جهت نمایش ارتباط قوی میزان مشاهداتی و اصلاحی محاسبه گشت. نتایج نشان داد روش تخمین گرشبه بیشینه درست نمایی(LQMLE) با میزان مجذور مربعات خطای معادل 663/3 ، ضریب کارایی 1/92، انحراف استاندارد عمومی 556/0، نسبت اختلاف 01/1 ، برآورد درصد خطای نسبی 33 و شاخص صحّت01/1 در کل بهترین مدل جهت برآورد رسوب معلّق حوزه و مدل های FAO و LS ( با مجذور مربعات خطای 24/6 و ضریب کارایی 3/76)،( با مجذور مربعات خطای87/4 و ضریب کارایی 7/85) ضعیف ترین مدل ها در برآورد رسوب معلّق حوزه می باشند. در مجموع روش های مختلف و ضرایب اصلاحی متفاوت نمودار سنجه رسوب در حالت بدون تقسیم بندی داده ها می توان نتیجه گیری کرد که در اکثر مدل ها روش های LQMLE و MVUE بهترین روش های برآورد رسوب معلّق بوده است.
المصادر:
Achite, M., and Sillvain, O. 2007. Suspended sediment transport in a semiarid watershed, J. Hydrol. 84: 3. 187-202.
Arabkhedri, M. 2001. Methods of increasing accuracy for estimating of suspended sediment transport (workshop). Proceeding of National Conference on Land Management- Soil Erosion and Sustainable Development, Arak, Iran. Pp: 711-727. (In Persian).
Arabkhedri, M. 2001. Certitude increase methods of estimating rivers suspended sediment. P 123-132, In: Land manegment-soil erosion and resistant development congress.(In Persian).
Arabkhedri, M., Hakimkhani, Sh., Valikhojeini, A. 1999. Necessity for revised methods in estimating suspended load of rivers, Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 39:37-42.(In Persian).
Asselman, N.E.M. 2000. Fitting and interpretation of sediment rating curves.Journal of Hydrology. 234: 234-248.
Barzegar,F., 2005. A Comparison of Methods of suspended sediment, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 120 pages.(In Persian).
Cigizoglu, K. 2003. Estimation and forecasting of daily suspended sediment data by multi-layer perceptrons. Advances in Water Resources. 27: 185-195.
Cohn, T.A., Delong, L.L., Gilory, E.J., Hirsch, R.M., and Wells, D.K. 1989. Estimating constituent loads. Water Resources Research, 25: 5. 937-942.
Dastorani,. J., Babaei, A., Rezaei Rad, N., 2007, Application of flow and sediment discharge data on the effect of earthquakes on the Sefidrood watershed sediment, 10th Congress of Soil Science Iran, Karaj, Tehran University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources.(In Persian).
Duan, N. 1983. Smearing estimate, a nonparametric retransformation method. J. Amer. Statistical Association, 78: 383. 605-610.
Endreny, Th., and Hassett, J. 2005. Robustness of pollutant loading estimators for sample size reduction in a suburban watershed. Intl. J. River Basin Manage. (IAHR & INBO), 3: 1. 53-66.
Ferguson, R.I. 1987. Accuracy and precision of methods for estimating river loads, Earth Surface Processes and Land Forms, 12: 95-104.
Gomshi, M,.Torabi Podeh,H,.2002,Evaluation of formulas for bed-load transport in Khuzestan rivers, ournal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources,pp 13-30.(In Persian).
Ghoraghi, J.H., Habbib Nejad, M., Vahabzadeh, G., Khaledi Darvishan, A.V., 2013, Efficiency of Different Data Separation Methods to Increase the Accuracy of Sediment Rating Curve; Case Study A Part of the Sefidrood Watershed, journal of Irrigation and water management,(2), NO7, pp 97-111.(In Persian).
Guide erosion and sediment studies in Accounting rivers, 2007, Publication No. 383, vice president of strategic planning and monitoring.
Heydarnezhad, M., Golmaei, S.H., Mosaedi, A., and Ziatabar ahmadi, M.KH. 2006. Correction of sediment rating curve and estimating of suspended load in Telezang station. P 243-252, In: The 7rd Civil Engineering National Conference. Tehran.(In Persian).
Heydar Nejad, M., 2007. Presentation Optimization Model in sediment deposition volume reservoir dam in Iran, Karaj and Dez dams, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Sari, 93 pages.(In Persian).
Horowitz A. J. 2003. An evaluation of sediment rating curves for estimating suspended sediment concentrations for subsequent flux calculations. Hydrological Processes 17: 3387–3409.
Jansen, P. P., 1983, "Principles of river engineering", Pitman Pub. Inc., England.
Jansson M.B. 2002. Determining sediment source areas in a tropical river basin- Costa Rica. Catena 47: 63–84.
Jones, K.R., Berney, O., Carr, D.P., and Barret, E.C. 1981. Arid zone hydrology for agricultural development. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 37: 271.
Iadanza, C., and Napolitano, F. 2006. Sediment transport time series in the Tiber River. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31: 1212-1227.
Thomas, R.B. 1985. Estimating total suspended sediment yield with probability sampling. Water Resources Research. 21: 1381-1388.
Pavanelli, D., and Bigi, A. 2004. Suspended sediment concentration for three apennine monitored basins, particle size distribution and physical parameters.P 537 -544, In: The Agro Environment Congress, Venice, Italy.
Pandey, A., Chowdary, V.M., and Mal, B.C. 2009. Sediment yield modeling of an agricultural watershed using MUSLE, remote sensing and GIS. Paddy Water Environ. 7: 105-113.
Sadeghi, S.H.R. 2004. Producing sediment rating curve equation for rising and falling limb of hydrograph using regression concept, J. Iran. Water Resour. Res. 1: 1. 101-103.(In Persian).
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Tofighi, B., Mahdavi, M., 2006, Sediment estimation modeling in Zarrinderakht watershed, Iranian j. Natural Res. Vol 58, No 4, pp 759-768.(In Persian).
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Mizuyama, T., Miyata, S., Gomi, T., Kosugi, K., Fukushima, T., Mizugaki, S., and Onda, Y. 2008. Development, evaluation and interpretation of sediment rating curves for a Japanese small mountainous reforested watershed. Geoderma, 144: 198-211.
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Fazli, S., and Khaledi Darvishan, A. 2010. Evaluation of efficiency sediment rating curve in Khamesan tyupicaly watershed. In: The 4th National Seminar on Erosion and Sediment. Noor, Iran, 6p. (In Persian)
Kao, Sh., Lee, T., and Milliman, J.D. 2005. Calculating highly fluctuated suspended sediment fluxes from mountainous rivers in Taiwan. TAO, 16: 3. 653-675.
Kia, E. and Emadi, A.R., 2013. Comparison of Statistical Methods for Long-Term Suspended Sediment Yield Estimation (Case Study: Babolrood River), Journal of Watershed Management Research Vol. 4, No. 8, pp127-150.
Khazayi, M., Dastranj A, Kazemi M, Falah S, Adeli,. B. 2014. Assessment corrective methods for estimating suspended sediment (Case Study: Beshaar Watershed) . E.E.R. . 2014; 4 (3) :47-57.
Miraboulghasemi, H., and Morid, S. 1997. Investigation of hydrological methods for estimating suspended load of rivers, Journal of Water and Development, 35: 95-116.(In Persian).
Mirzaei, M., 2003. Compare methods of estimating the suspended sediment in rivers(Case Study: Gorganrood river), Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 115 pages.(In Persian).
Mohammadi,A., Mosaediand, A., Heshmatpour, A., 2007. Determination of the Best Model to Estimate Suspended Sediment loads in Ghazaghly Gauge Station-Gorganrood River, Iran, J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour., Vol. 14(4),pp 232-240.(In Persian).
Najafi Nejad, A., Babaei, A., Saniei, A., Mahmodi, O., Comparing of seasonal suspended rating curve and monthly suspended sediment load in some river of Golestan province, 2010, Fourth National Conference on erosion and sediment, Department of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modarres, 6pp.(In Persian).
Varvani1, 1J., Regional Analysis of Suspended Sediment Estimation in Vashmgir dam,2001, M.Sc. Thesis, Tehran University, 203pp.
Varvani, 1J., Najafi Nejad, A.and Mirmoini Karahroudi ,A., Improving of sediment rating curve using minimum variance unbiased estimator, 2008, J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour., Vol. 15(1), Apr -May 2008 Special issue, pp 150-161.
Zanganeh, M.E. , Mosaedi, A., Meftah Halghi, M. and Dehghani, A.A., 2011, Determination of Suitable Method for Estimating Suspended Sediments Discharge in Arazkoose Hydrometric Station (Gorganrood Basin), J. of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 18(2),pp 85-104.(In Persian).
Zorrati Poor, A., 2007. Compare hydrological methods to estimate suspended sediment in rivers, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 150 pages.
_||_
Achite, M., and Sillvain, O. 2007. Suspended sediment transport in a semiarid watershed, J. Hydrol. 84: 3. 187-202.
Arabkhedri, M. 2001. Methods of increasing accuracy for estimating of suspended sediment transport (workshop). Proceeding of National Conference on Land Management- Soil Erosion and Sustainable Development, Arak, Iran. Pp: 711-727. (In Persian).
Arabkhedri, M. 2001. Certitude increase methods of estimating rivers suspended sediment. P 123-132, In: Land manegment-soil erosion and resistant development congress.(In Persian).
Arabkhedri, M., Hakimkhani, Sh., Valikhojeini, A. 1999. Necessity for revised methods in estimating suspended load of rivers, Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 39:37-42.(In Persian).
Asselman, N.E.M. 2000. Fitting and interpretation of sediment rating curves.Journal of Hydrology. 234: 234-248.
Barzegar,F., 2005. A Comparison of Methods of suspended sediment, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 120 pages.(In Persian).
Cigizoglu, K. 2003. Estimation and forecasting of daily suspended sediment data by multi-layer perceptrons. Advances in Water Resources. 27: 185-195.
Cohn, T.A., Delong, L.L., Gilory, E.J., Hirsch, R.M., and Wells, D.K. 1989. Estimating constituent loads. Water Resources Research, 25: 5. 937-942.
Dastorani,. J., Babaei, A., Rezaei Rad, N., 2007, Application of flow and sediment discharge data on the effect of earthquakes on the Sefidrood watershed sediment, 10th Congress of Soil Science Iran, Karaj, Tehran University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources.(In Persian).
Duan, N. 1983. Smearing estimate, a nonparametric retransformation method. J. Amer. Statistical Association, 78: 383. 605-610.
Endreny, Th., and Hassett, J. 2005. Robustness of pollutant loading estimators for sample size reduction in a suburban watershed. Intl. J. River Basin Manage. (IAHR & INBO), 3: 1. 53-66.
Ferguson, R.I. 1987. Accuracy and precision of methods for estimating river loads, Earth Surface Processes and Land Forms, 12: 95-104.
Gomshi, M,.Torabi Podeh,H,.2002,Evaluation of formulas for bed-load transport in Khuzestan rivers, ournal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources,pp 13-30.(In Persian).
Ghoraghi, J.H., Habbib Nejad, M., Vahabzadeh, G., Khaledi Darvishan, A.V., 2013, Efficiency of Different Data Separation Methods to Increase the Accuracy of Sediment Rating Curve; Case Study A Part of the Sefidrood Watershed, journal of Irrigation and water management,(2), NO7, pp 97-111.(In Persian).
Guide erosion and sediment studies in Accounting rivers, 2007, Publication No. 383, vice president of strategic planning and monitoring.
Heydarnezhad, M., Golmaei, S.H., Mosaedi, A., and Ziatabar ahmadi, M.KH. 2006. Correction of sediment rating curve and estimating of suspended load in Telezang station. P 243-252, In: The 7rd Civil Engineering National Conference. Tehran.(In Persian).
Heydar Nejad, M., 2007. Presentation Optimization Model in sediment deposition volume reservoir dam in Iran, Karaj and Dez dams, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Sari, 93 pages.(In Persian).
Horowitz A. J. 2003. An evaluation of sediment rating curves for estimating suspended sediment concentrations for subsequent flux calculations. Hydrological Processes 17: 3387–3409.
Jansen, P. P., 1983, "Principles of river engineering", Pitman Pub. Inc., England.
Jansson M.B. 2002. Determining sediment source areas in a tropical river basin- Costa Rica. Catena 47: 63–84.
Jones, K.R., Berney, O., Carr, D.P., and Barret, E.C. 1981. Arid zone hydrology for agricultural development. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 37: 271.
Iadanza, C., and Napolitano, F. 2006. Sediment transport time series in the Tiber River. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31: 1212-1227.
Thomas, R.B. 1985. Estimating total suspended sediment yield with probability sampling. Water Resources Research. 21: 1381-1388.
Pavanelli, D., and Bigi, A. 2004. Suspended sediment concentration for three apennine monitored basins, particle size distribution and physical parameters.P 537 -544, In: The Agro Environment Congress, Venice, Italy.
Pandey, A., Chowdary, V.M., and Mal, B.C. 2009. Sediment yield modeling of an agricultural watershed using MUSLE, remote sensing and GIS. Paddy Water Environ. 7: 105-113.
Sadeghi, S.H.R. 2004. Producing sediment rating curve equation for rising and falling limb of hydrograph using regression concept, J. Iran. Water Resour. Res. 1: 1. 101-103.(In Persian).
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Tofighi, B., Mahdavi, M., 2006, Sediment estimation modeling in Zarrinderakht watershed, Iranian j. Natural Res. Vol 58, No 4, pp 759-768.(In Persian).
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Mizuyama, T., Miyata, S., Gomi, T., Kosugi, K., Fukushima, T., Mizugaki, S., and Onda, Y. 2008. Development, evaluation and interpretation of sediment rating curves for a Japanese small mountainous reforested watershed. Geoderma, 144: 198-211.
Sadeghi, S.H.R., Fazli, S., and Khaledi Darvishan, A. 2010. Evaluation of efficiency sediment rating curve in Khamesan tyupicaly watershed. In: The 4th National Seminar on Erosion and Sediment. Noor, Iran, 6p. (In Persian)
Kao, Sh., Lee, T., and Milliman, J.D. 2005. Calculating highly fluctuated suspended sediment fluxes from mountainous rivers in Taiwan. TAO, 16: 3. 653-675.
Kia, E. and Emadi, A.R., 2013. Comparison of Statistical Methods for Long-Term Suspended Sediment Yield Estimation (Case Study: Babolrood River), Journal of Watershed Management Research Vol. 4, No. 8, pp127-150.
Khazayi, M., Dastranj A, Kazemi M, Falah S, Adeli,. B. 2014. Assessment corrective methods for estimating suspended sediment (Case Study: Beshaar Watershed) . E.E.R. . 2014; 4 (3) :47-57.
Miraboulghasemi, H., and Morid, S. 1997. Investigation of hydrological methods for estimating suspended load of rivers, Journal of Water and Development, 35: 95-116.(In Persian).
Mirzaei, M., 2003. Compare methods of estimating the suspended sediment in rivers(Case Study: Gorganrood river), Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 115 pages.(In Persian).
Mohammadi,A., Mosaediand, A., Heshmatpour, A., 2007. Determination of the Best Model to Estimate Suspended Sediment loads in Ghazaghly Gauge Station-Gorganrood River, Iran, J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour., Vol. 14(4),pp 232-240.(In Persian).
Najafi Nejad, A., Babaei, A., Saniei, A., Mahmodi, O., Comparing of seasonal suspended rating curve and monthly suspended sediment load in some river of Golestan province, 2010, Fourth National Conference on erosion and sediment, Department of Natural Resources and Marine Science, Tarbiat Modarres, 6pp.(In Persian).
Varvani1, 1J., Regional Analysis of Suspended Sediment Estimation in Vashmgir dam,2001, M.Sc. Thesis, Tehran University, 203pp.
Varvani, 1J., Najafi Nejad, A.and Mirmoini Karahroudi ,A., Improving of sediment rating curve using minimum variance unbiased estimator, 2008, J. Agric. Sci. Natur. Resour., Vol. 15(1), Apr -May 2008 Special issue, pp 150-161.
Zanganeh, M.E. , Mosaedi, A., Meftah Halghi, M. and Dehghani, A.A., 2011, Determination of Suitable Method for Estimating Suspended Sediments Discharge in Arazkoose Hydrometric Station (Gorganrood Basin), J. of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 18(2),pp 85-104.(In Persian).
Zorrati Poor, A., 2007. Compare hydrological methods to estimate suspended sediment in rivers, Master's dissertation Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 150 pages.
