تأثیر مشخصه‌های روشنه‌های پوشش تاجی بر تجدید حیات درختان راش در جنگل‌های آمیخته راش

الموضوعات :

کیومرث سفیدی ¹ (استادیار| دانشکده فناوری کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
محمدرضا مروی مهاجر ² (استاد |دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
وحید اعتماد ³ (استادیار| دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
راینهارد موزاندل ⁴ (استاد و رئیس دپارتمان جنگل‌شناسی |دانشگاه مونیخ آلمان)

تاريخ الإرسال : 21 الثلاثاء , صفر, 1435 تاريخ التأكيد : 04 السبت , رجب, 1435 تاريخ الإصدار : 27 السبت , شوال, 1435

الکلمات المفتاحية: روشنه‌, زادآوری جنگل, جنگل‌شناسی راش, شیوه تک گزینی, راش شرقی,

ملخص المقالة :

این پژوهش باهدف بررسی ویژگی‌های روشنه‌ها به‌عنوان آشوب اثرگذار در فرایند تجدید حیات طبیعی توده‌های راش در بخش گرازبن جنگل آموزشی و پژوهشی خیرود انجام گرفت و تمامی مشخصه‌های روشنه‌ها و نیز سایر مشخصه‌های توده که در ارتباط با روشنه‌ها هستند، اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد به‌طور متوسط 3 روشنه در هر هکتار وجود دارد که مساحت آن‌ها از 19 تا 1250 مترمربع تغییر می‌کند و درمجموع 3/9% از سطح کل توده‌های جنگلی موردمطالعه را شامل می‌شود، اغلب روشنه‌ها (58%) دارای سطحی کمتر از 200 مترمربع بودند و روشنه‌هایی با مساحت بیش از 400 مترمربع دارای شکل نامنظم بودند، اما روشنه‌های بزرگ‌تر از آن تفاوت معنی‌داری را با هندسی دایره نشان نمی‌دهند. 41% از روشنه‌ها با افتادن یک درخت تشکیل و گونه راش شرقی 63% از گونه‌های درختی روشنه ساز و 93% از گونه‌های درختی پرکننده روشنه را به خود اختصاص می‌دهد. فراوانی و تنوع نهال‌ها در داخل روشنه‌ها ارتباط معنی‌داری با مساحت روشنه‌ها نشان نمی‌دهد. حداقل مساحتی که در آن نهال راش به مرحله خال می‌رسد 7/23 مترمربع ثبت، مدیان آن 206 و بزرگ‌ترین روشنه 1808 مترمربع ثبت گردید. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش شیوه‌های جنگل‌شناسی که منجر به ایجاد روشنه‌های با ابعاد کوچک یا متوسط در پوشش تاجی درختان می‌شوند را به ‌طور یقین جزو شیوه‌های جنگل‌شناسی نزدیک به طبیعت محسوب شود.

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