تاثیر برش تک‌گزینی بر تنوع زادآوری گونه‌های درختی (مطالعه موردی: جنگل ناو اسالم، غرب گیلان، ایران)
الموضوعات :
زهرا مرادی
1
,
علی صالحی
2
,
حسن پوربابایی
3
,
جمشید اسلام دوست
4
1 - دانشگاه گیلان
2 - دانشگاه گیلان
3 - گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان.
4 - دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
الکلمات المفتاحية: زادآوری, ویژگی‌های روشنه, جنگل شاهد, شاخص‌های تنوع,
ملخص المقالة :
در این مطالعه اثر مساحت، شیب و جهت روشنه بر تنوع زادآوری گونه‌های درختی در راشستان آمیخته، سری دو از جنگل‌های ناو اسالم استان گیلان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین‌منظور 15روشنه با سه اندازه روشنه کوچک (200-100 مترمربع)، متوسط (300-200 مترمربع) و بزرگ (400-300 مترمربع) هرکدام با پنج تکرار انتخاب شد. نقاط شاهدی نیز با همین اندازه زیر تاج پوشش بسته در نظر گرفته شد. شیب در چهار کلاسه (30-20، 40-31، 50-41 و 50 درصد به بالا) طبقه‌بندی شد. سپس درصد زادآوری گونه‌های چوبی آن‌ها براساس مقیاس دومین در ریز قطعه نمونه‌های 4 متر مربعی ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص‌های سیمپسون، شانون- وینر و غنا با افزایش اندازه روشنه افزایش معنی‌داری پیدا می‌کنند در حالی که سطوح نقاط شاهد مجاور روشنه-ها بر شاخص‌های تنوع تأثیر معنی‌داری نداشت. در بین جهت‌های جغرافیایی و شیب‌های مورد بررسی بالاترین مقدار شاخص‌های تنوع به شاخص شانون- وینر اختصاص داشته است. بر این اساس بیشترین مقدار شاخص شانون- وینر (203/2) و غنا (5) به جهت شما‌ل شرق و به شیب 50-41 درصد (18/2 و 5) اختصاص داشت. در حالی که بیشترین مقدار شاخص یکنواختی به شاخص کامارگو در جهت شرق (88/0) و به شیب 40-31 درصد (86/0) اختصاص داشته است. بر اساس نتیجه تجزیه واریانس، اختلاف معنی‌داری در بین شاخص‌های مذکور در جهت‌های مختلف جغرافیایی و شیب‌های مختلف مشاهده نشد.
1- Amoli Kondori, A.R., M.R. Marvi Mohajer, M. Zobeiri, & V. Etemad, 2012. Natural regeneration of tree species in relation to gaps characteristics in natural beech stand (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), north of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 20: 151-164.
2- Carpentier, G., C. Pélissier, R. Pascal, J. Pierre, & F. Houllier, 1998. Sampling strategies for the assessment of tree species diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 161-172.
3- Dora Maria, V., M. Nascimento, L. Aragao, & D. Da Gama, 2006. Effect of selective logging on forest structure and nutrient cycling in a seasonally dry Brazilian Atlantic forest. Journal of Biogeography 33: 506-516.
4- Ejtehadi, H., A. Sepehri, & H. Akafi, 2009. Methods of biodiversity measurement, Ferdowsi Mashhad University Press, 288 pp.
5- Ellenberg, H. & C. Leuschner, 1996. Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen, Ulmer, Stuttgart.
6- Elliott, K.J. & J.D. Knoepp, 2005. The effects of three regeneration harvest methods on plant diversity and soil characteristics in the southern Appalachians. Forest Ecology and Management 211: 296-317.
7- Fallahchai, M.M. 2011. Study of Single Selection Method with Administering Function on Tree Species Diversity in Siyahkal Shenroud Forests. Journal of Sciences and Techniques in Natural Resources 6: 41-54.
8- Felton A.M., J. Wood, & D.B. Lindenmayer, 2006. Vegetation structure, phenology, and regeneration in the natural and anthropogenic tree-fall gaps of a reduced-impact logged subtropical Bolivian forest. Forest Ecology and Management 235: 186–193.
9- Galhidy, L., B. Mihok, A. Hagyo, K.R. ajkai, & T. Standovar, 2006. Effects of gap size and associated changes in light and soil moisture on the understory vegetation of a Hungarian beech forest. Plant Ecology 183: 133-145.
10- Klinka, K., A.M. Scagel, & P.J. Courtin, 1985. Vegetation relationships among some seral ecosystems in southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15: 561-569.
11- Madsen, P., K. Hahn, J.B. Larsen, & S. Lidhold, 2004. Gap regeneration in a close- to- natural managed beech sylvatica forest in Denmark. 7th international Beech symposium IUFRO, 25pp.
12- Maguran, A.E. 1996. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Chapman and Hall. XP, 256 pp.
13- Moore, M.R. & J.L. Vankat, 1986. Responses of the herb layer to the gap dynamics of a mature beech-maple forest. Am Midl Nat 115: 336-347.
14- Moradi, Z., H. Pourbabaie, A. Salehi & A.R. Sayadi, 2016. The effect of single tree selection cutting on herbaceous diversity in mixed oriental beech forest (Case study: Nav-e Asalem, Guilan). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 23: 583-593.
15- Mosadegh A. Plantation and Forest Nursery, Tehran University Press, 516 pp.
16- Nagaik, T., T. Kamitani, & Nakshizuka, T. 2005. Effects of different forest management systems on plant species diversity in a Fagus crenata forested landscape of central Japan. Canadaian Journal Forest Reseasrch 12: 2832- 2840.
17- Pourbabaei, H. & T. Haghgooy, 2013. Effect of physiographical factors on tree species diversity (Case study: Kandelat Forest Park). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 21: 243-255.
18- Pourbabaei, H., H. Haddadi-Moghaddam, & M. Begyom Faghir, 2013. The influence of gap size on plant species diversity and composition in beech (Fagus orientalis) forest, Ramsar, Mazandaran Province, North of Iran. Journal of Biodiversity 14: 89-94.
19- Ren-hui, Q., C. Han, & Z. Li-xin, 2006. Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China. Forestry Studies in China 8: 16-20.
20- Shabani, S., M., Akbarinia, Gh. Jalali, & A. Aliarab, 2011. Impact of canopy gaps size on woody species biodiversity in mountainous forests of northern Iran (Case study: beech stands of Lalis, Chalous). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 19: 73-82.
21- Sohrabi H, & M. Akbarinia 2005. Plant species diversity in relation to physiographical factors at Dehsorkh Woodland). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 21: 279-294.
22- Takyu, M., S.I. Aiba, & K. Kanehiro, 2002. Effects of topography on tropical lower montane forests under different geological conditions on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo, Plant Ecology 159: 35-49.
23- Tavankar, F., J. Mahmoudi, & A. Iranparast Bodaghi, 2011. The effect of single selection method on tree species diversity in the northern forests of Iran (Case study: Asalem-Nav, Guilan province). Journal of Sciences and Techniques in Natural Resources 6: 27-40.
24- Zhang, Q. & Y. Liang, 1995. Effects of gap size on nutrient release from plant litter decomposition in a natural forest ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25: 1627–1638.
_||_1- Amoli Kondori, A.R., M.R. Marvi Mohajer, M. Zobeiri, & V. Etemad, 2012. Natural regeneration of tree species in relation to gaps characteristics in natural beech stand (Fagus orientalis Lipsky), north of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 20: 151-164.
2- Carpentier, G., C. Pélissier, R. Pascal, J. Pierre, & F. Houllier, 1998. Sampling strategies for the assessment of tree species diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 161-172.
3- Dora Maria, V., M. Nascimento, L. Aragao, & D. Da Gama, 2006. Effect of selective logging on forest structure and nutrient cycling in a seasonally dry Brazilian Atlantic forest. Journal of Biogeography 33: 506-516.
4- Ejtehadi, H., A. Sepehri, & H. Akafi, 2009. Methods of biodiversity measurement, Ferdowsi Mashhad University Press, 288 pp.
5- Ellenberg, H. & C. Leuschner, 1996. Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen, Ulmer, Stuttgart.
6- Elliott, K.J. & J.D. Knoepp, 2005. The effects of three regeneration harvest methods on plant diversity and soil characteristics in the southern Appalachians. Forest Ecology and Management 211: 296-317.
7- Fallahchai, M.M. 2011. Study of Single Selection Method with Administering Function on Tree Species Diversity in Siyahkal Shenroud Forests. Journal of Sciences and Techniques in Natural Resources 6: 41-54.
8- Felton A.M., J. Wood, & D.B. Lindenmayer, 2006. Vegetation structure, phenology, and regeneration in the natural and anthropogenic tree-fall gaps of a reduced-impact logged subtropical Bolivian forest. Forest Ecology and Management 235: 186–193.
9- Galhidy, L., B. Mihok, A. Hagyo, K.R. ajkai, & T. Standovar, 2006. Effects of gap size and associated changes in light and soil moisture on the understory vegetation of a Hungarian beech forest. Plant Ecology 183: 133-145.
10- Klinka, K., A.M. Scagel, & P.J. Courtin, 1985. Vegetation relationships among some seral ecosystems in southwestern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 15: 561-569.
11- Madsen, P., K. Hahn, J.B. Larsen, & S. Lidhold, 2004. Gap regeneration in a close- to- natural managed beech sylvatica forest in Denmark. 7th international Beech symposium IUFRO, 25pp.
12- Maguran, A.E. 1996. Ecological diversity and its measurement. Chapman and Hall. XP, 256 pp.
13- Moore, M.R. & J.L. Vankat, 1986. Responses of the herb layer to the gap dynamics of a mature beech-maple forest. Am Midl Nat 115: 336-347.
14- Moradi, Z., H. Pourbabaie, A. Salehi & A.R. Sayadi, 2016. The effect of single tree selection cutting on herbaceous diversity in mixed oriental beech forest (Case study: Nav-e Asalem, Guilan). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 23: 583-593.
15- Mosadegh A. Plantation and Forest Nursery, Tehran University Press, 516 pp.
16- Nagaik, T., T. Kamitani, & Nakshizuka, T. 2005. Effects of different forest management systems on plant species diversity in a Fagus crenata forested landscape of central Japan. Canadaian Journal Forest Reseasrch 12: 2832- 2840.
17- Pourbabaei, H. & T. Haghgooy, 2013. Effect of physiographical factors on tree species diversity (Case study: Kandelat Forest Park). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 21: 243-255.
18- Pourbabaei, H., H. Haddadi-Moghaddam, & M. Begyom Faghir, 2013. The influence of gap size on plant species diversity and composition in beech (Fagus orientalis) forest, Ramsar, Mazandaran Province, North of Iran. Journal of Biodiversity 14: 89-94.
19- Ren-hui, Q., C. Han, & Z. Li-xin, 2006. Effects of selection cutting on the forest structure and species diversity of evergreen broad leaved forest in northern Fujian, southern China. Forestry Studies in China 8: 16-20.
20- Shabani, S., M., Akbarinia, Gh. Jalali, & A. Aliarab, 2011. Impact of canopy gaps size on woody species biodiversity in mountainous forests of northern Iran (Case study: beech stands of Lalis, Chalous). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 19: 73-82.
21- Sohrabi H, & M. Akbarinia 2005. Plant species diversity in relation to physiographical factors at Dehsorkh Woodland). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research 21: 279-294.
22- Takyu, M., S.I. Aiba, & K. Kanehiro, 2002. Effects of topography on tropical lower montane forests under different geological conditions on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo, Plant Ecology 159: 35-49.
23- Tavankar, F., J. Mahmoudi, & A. Iranparast Bodaghi, 2011. The effect of single selection method on tree species diversity in the northern forests of Iran (Case study: Asalem-Nav, Guilan province). Journal of Sciences and Techniques in Natural Resources 6: 27-40.
24- Zhang, Q. & Y. Liang, 1995. Effects of gap size on nutrient release from plant litter decomposition in a natural forest ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25: 1627–1638.
