تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی بر صفات مرتبط با جوانه‌زنی و رشد اولیه گیاهچه گیاه دارویی شوید (Anethum graveolens L.)
الموضوعات :
اسماعیل قلی‌نژاد
1
(دانشیار، گروه علمی علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: کمبود آب, وزن خشک گیاهچه, پلی اتیلن گلیکول, درصد جوانه‌زنی, ضریب آلومتریک,
ملخص المقالة :
به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر صفات مرتبط با جوانه زنی و رشد اولیه گیاه شوید (Anethum graveolens L.)، آزمایشی در سال 1394 در آزمایشگاه کشاورزی دانشگاه پیام نور ارومیه به اجرا در آمد. تحقیق به صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با پنج سطح تنش خشکی (0، 1- ، 2- ، 3- و 4- بار بدست آمده از پلی اتیلن گلیکول 6000 (PEG 6000) که پتانسیل صفر بار به عنوان شاهد در نظر گرفته شد) با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. صفات شاخص مقاومت به خشکی، وزن خشک و تر ریشه‌چه، ساقه چه و گیاهچه، درصد جوانه زنی، سرعت جوانه زنی، طول ساقه چه، طول ریشه چه، نسبت وزن خشک ریشه چه به وزن خشک ساقه چه، ضریب آلومتریک و نسبت طول ریشه چه به طول ساقه‌چه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی بر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه در این تحقیق (به جز نسبت طول ریشه چه به طول ساقه چه، نسبت وزن خشک ریشه چه به وزن خشک ساقه چه و ضریب آلومتریک) تأثیر معنی داری در سطح یک درصد داشت. مقایسه میانگین نشان داد با افزایش تنش خشکی، کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه در این تحقیق (به جز نسبت طول ریشه چه به طول ساقه چه، نسبت وزن خشک ریشه چه به وزن خشک ساقه چه و ضریب آلومتریک) کاهش معنی داری یافت. تنش خشکی 4- و 3- بار در مقایسه با شاهد وزن خشک ریشه‌چه، ساقه چه و گیاهچه را به ترتیب 95 و 87 درصد کاهش داد. بین شاخص مقاومت به خشکی و وزن خشک ریشه چه (**98/0)، ساقه چه (**99/0) و گیاهچه (**99/0)، طول ریشه چه (**97/0) و ساقه چه (**93/0)، سرعت جوانه زنی (**96/0) و درصد جوانه زنی (**98/0) همبستگی مثبت و معنی داری وجود داشت. نتایج بیانگر آن است تنش خشکی دارای اثرات قابل توجهی بر صفات مرتبط به جوانه زنی گیاه شوید می باشد.
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