ارزیابی تحمل جو به عنصر مس در مرحله جوانه‌زنی بذر و رشد اولیه گیاهچه در حضور قارچ تریکودرما
الموضوعات :
مهدیه مظاهر
1
(کارشناسی‌ارشد، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران)
سعید خماری
2
(دانشیار، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران)
احمد جوادی
3
(دکتری، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران)
مهدی داوری
4
(دانشیار، بیماری شناسی گیاهی- قارچ‌شناسی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: هیدروپرایمینگ, بیوپرایمینگ, تلقیح با بستر کشت, نمک مس,
ملخص المقالة :
غلظت بالای عنصر مس باعث مسمومیت و آسیب به سلول های موجودات زنده می شود. قارچ تریکودرما با آزادسازی ترکیباتی، مقاومت به تنش های زنده و غیرزنده را تحریک می کند. به منظور ارزیابی اثر قارچ Trichoderma harzianum T447 بر رشد و استقرار گیاهچه های جو بهاره تحت اعمال چهار سطح فلز سنگین مس (CuSO4)، آزمایش حاضر به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایشی شامل چهار سطح پیش تیمار (شاهد، هیدروپرایمینگ، بیوپرایمینگ، تلقیح بستر کشت با قارچ تریکودرما) و چهار سطح سولفات مس(2، 40، 80، 120 میکرومولار) در محلول هوگلند و آرنون بود. نتایج نشان داد سطوح مختلف CuSO4 بر طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته تا سطح سوم (80 میکرومولار) اثر افزایشی و در سطح چهارم (120 میکرومولار) اثر کاهشی داشت، تلقیح تریکودرما باعث افزایش حدوداً 23، 6، 62، 52، 13 و 27 درصدی به‌ترتیب درصد سبز شدن، سرعت سبز شدن، یکنواختی سبز شدن، قدرت گیاهچه، طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته گیاهچه جو شد. اثرات متقابل تیمارهای آزمایشی در سطح یک درصد بر پرولین معنی دار بود و افزایش سطوح عنصر مس باعث افزایش محتوای پرولین گردید، پیش تیمار بذرها، با افزایش مقدار پرولین تا حدودی اثرات سوء ناشی از بیش بود مس را کاهش داد. به طور کلی تلقیح تریکودرما باعث افزایش طول گیاهچه و وزن خشک بوته، شاخص های سبز شدن و محتوای پرولین گیاه جو شد در نتیجه گیاه جو می تواند تا سطح 80 میکرومولار مس مقاومت داشته باشد.
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