بررسی تأثیر تنش شوری بر پارامترهای جوانه زنی و رشدی بذر سان همپ (Crotalaria juncea)
الموضوعات :
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل ، ایران
2 - استاد، فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه آموزشی مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل،
الکلمات المفتاحية: بذر, پتانسیل اسمزی, تنش, سان همپ, شاخص های جوانه زنی,
ملخص المقالة :
جوانه زنی بذر یکی از مراحل مهم چرخه زیستی گیاهان است که می تواند تحت تأثیر تنش های محیطی قرار گیرد. تنش شوری به عنوان یکی از مهمترین چالش های سیستم های کشاورزی شناخته می شود که در نتیجه فعالیت های انسانی و تغییرات اقلیمی پیوسته بر تولیدات کشاورزی تأثیرگذار است. در سال 1402 پژوهشی در آزمایشگاه تکنولوژی بذر گروه آموزشی مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی به منظور بررسی تأثیر تنش شوری بر جوانه زنی و مؤلفه های رشدی سان همپ (Crotalaria juncea) اجرا شد. این پژوهش در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی (RCD) با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تنش شوری با استفاده از کلرید سدیم (NaCl) برای تهیه شش پتانسیل اسمزی صفر، 2/0-، 4/0-، 8/0-، 2/1- و 2- مگاپاسگال، توسط معادله وانت هوف محاسبه و اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که با تشدید تنش شوری، درصد جوانه‌زنی، سرعت جوانه‌زنی، میانگین زمان جوانه‌زنی، میانگین سرعت جوانه‌زنی، ضریب سرعت جوانه‌زنی، شاخص جوانه‌زنی، طول ریشه چه، طول ساقه‌چه و وزن تر گیاهچه کاهش معنی‌داری داشت. قابل ذکر است که در پتانسیل اسمزی 2- و 2/1- مگاپاسکال، درصد جوانه زنی بذر به ترتیب به 100 و 43 درصد کاهش یافت. این نتایج نشان داد که بذر سان همپ می‌توانند تنش شوری را تا پتانسیل اسمزی 4/0- مگاپاسکال تحمل کنند. با این حال، با افزایش پتانسیل اسمزی ناشی از شوری فراتر از این آستانه (4/0- مگاپاسگال)، توانایی آن ها برای جوانه زدن و بقاء کاهش یافت.
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