بررسی رابطه بین سازمان یادگیرنده و فرهنگ یادگیرنده (مطالعه موردی)
الموضوعات :
فرج اله رهنورد
1
(استادیار مؤسسه عالی آموزش و پژوهش مدیریت و برنامه ریزی)
فضل اله زارع پور
2
(کارشناس ارشد مدیریت دولتی)
الکلمات المفتاحية: یادگیری سازمانی, سازمان یادگیرنده, فرهنگ یادگیری, یادگیری مستمر, یادگیری تیمی,
ملخص المقالة :
امروزه یادگیری سازمانی نه یک انتخاب بلکه یک ضرورت استراتژیک در حیات سازمانها محسوب می شود. تلاش برای ارتقای سطح یادگیری سازمانی، موضع رقابتی سازمانها و ملت ها را در سطوح محلی، ملی، و منطقهای تحکیم می بخشد. بررسی ارتباط بین یادگیری سازمانی و دیگر عناصر سازمانی این امکان را فراهم میسازد تا بتوان برای بهبود یادگیری از سازوکارهای مناسب بهره گرفت. یافته های این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین یادگیری سازمانی و فرهنگ یادگیری رابطه معنادار وجود دارد. در ضمن، بین فرهنگ یادگیری با تک تک ابعاد یادگیری که عبارت‌اند از یادگیری مستمر، پرسش و گفتگو، یادگیری تیمی، توانمند سازی، سیستم جایگیری، ارتباط سیستم، و رهبری استراتژیک نیز رابطه معنادار برقرار است. این ارتباط، بویژه با یادگیری تیمی و رهبری استراتژیک از همه بالاتر است. همچنین رابطه بین فرهنگ یادگیری با سطوح مختلف یادگیری سازمانی معنادار است و درجه همبستگی در سطح سازمانی بیشترین میزان (95/0r=) را به خود اختصاص داده است.
Albert, M. (1998), “Shaping a learning organization through the linkage of action research”, Organizational Development Journal, 16(3), 29-40.
Argyris, c., and Schon, D.A, (1978), Organizational learning: A Theory of Action Perspective, Reading, MA., Addison-Wesley.
Bender, L.J. (1997), “Team organization – learning organization: The University of Arizona four years into it”, Information Outlook, 1(9), 19-22.
Bierema, L.L. and Berdish, D.M. (1999), “Creating a learning organization: a case study of outcomes and lessons learned”, Performance Improvement, 38(4), 36-41.
Dixon, N., The Organizational Learning Cycles: How We Can Learn Collectively, UK, McGrow-Hill, 1994.
Garavan, Thomas. 1997. "The Learning Organization: A Review and Evaluation", The Learning Organization, 4(1), 18-29.
Garvin, D. (2000), Learning in Action: A Guide to Putting the Learning Organization to Work, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
Guns, B. (1996), The Faster Learning Organization: Gain and Sustain the Competitive Advantage, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
Hernandez, M., & Karen, E. W. (2003). Human Resource Development.
Hill, R. (1996)."A Measure of Learning Organization", Industrial and Commercial Training, 28(1).
Hult, T. M., & Ferrell, O. C. (1997), “A global learning organization structure and market information processing”, Journal of Business Research, 40, 155-66.
Kiedrowski, P. J. (2006). "Quantitative Assessment of a Senge Learning Organization Intervention", The Learning Organization. 13(4), 369-383
Kline, P. and Saunders, B. (1998), Ten Steps to a Learning Organization, 2nd ed. Rev, Great Ocean, Arlington.
Marquardt, M. and Reynolds, A. (1994), The Global Learning Organization, Richard D. Irwin, Inc.,Burr Ridge, IL.
Marquardt, M.J. (2002), Building the Learning Organization, 2nd ed., Davies-Black, Palo Alto.
Nevis, E. C., Dibella, A. J., & Gould, J. M. (1995). Understanding The Organization As Learning Systems", Sloan Management Review, 73-85.
Ortenblad, A. (2001) On Differences Between Organizational Learning And Learning Organization", The Learning Organization, 8(3), 125-133
Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J. and Boydell, T. (1991), The Learning Company: A Strategy for Sustainable Development, McGraw-Hill International, London.
Rahnavard, F. (1999). Organizational Learning and Learning Organization. Journal of Governmental Management, 43, 11-22, (In Persian).
Redding, J. (1997). Hardwiring the learning organization. Training and Development, 51(8), 61-67.
Schein, E. H. (1994). Organizational and Managerial Culture as a Facilitator or Inhibitor of Organizational Learning", Sloan Management Review.
Schroeder, P. G. (2002), “Case study of an administrative services department: the effect of learning organization theory as an intervention strategy in the transformation of organizational culture. Available at: wwwlib.umi com/.
Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, New York: Doubleday Publication.
Senge, P. M., Kliener, A., Roberts, C., & Smith, B. J. (1994), The Fifth Discipline Field Book: Strategies and Tools for Building a Learning Organization, Currency Doubleday, New York.
Senge, P. M., Kliener, A., Roberts, C., Ross, R., Roth, G., & Smith, B. (1999), The Dance of Change: The Challenge of Sustaining Momentum in Learning Organizations, Doubleday, New York.
Senge, P. (2006). Fifth Commandment; Creating a Learning Organization. Translated by: H., Kamal Hedayat, & M., Roshan, Tehran: Industrial Management Organization, (In Persian).
Snell, R.S. (2002), “The learning organization, sense giving and psychological contracts: a Hong Kong case”, Organization Studies, 23(4), 4, 549-70.
Tosey P., & Smith, P. A. C. (1999), "Assessing The Learning Organization: Part2-Exploring Practical Assessment Approaches. The Learning Organization, 6(3), 107-115.
Tsang, W. K. (1997),"Organizational Learning and Learning Organization: A Dichotomy Between Descriptive And Prescriptive Research", Human Relation, 50(1), 73-89.
Watkins, K. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1996). In Action: Creating The Learning Organization, Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training and Development.
Watkins, K. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1993). Sculpting The Learnig Organization: Lesson in The Art and Science of Systemic Change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Wishart, N. A., Elam, J. J., & Robey, D. (1996), Redrawing the portrait of a learning organization: inside Knight-Ridder Inc”, The Academy of Management Executive, 10(1), 7-20.
Yang, B., Karen, E. W., & Victoria, J. M. (2004). The Construct of The Learning Organization: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15(1), 31-55.
Yeo, R. K. (2005). Revisiting The Roots of Learning Organization. The Learning Organization, 12(4), 368-381.
_||_
Albert, M. (1998), “Shaping a learning organization through the linkage of action research”, Organizational Development Journal, 16(3), 29-40.
Argyris, c., and Schon, D.A, (1978), Organizational learning: A Theory of Action Perspective, Reading, MA., Addison-Wesley.
Bender, L.J. (1997), “Team organization – learning organization: The University of Arizona four years into it”, Information Outlook, 1(9), 19-22.
Bierema, L.L. and Berdish, D.M. (1999), “Creating a learning organization: a case study of outcomes and lessons learned”, Performance Improvement, 38(4), 36-41.
Dixon, N., The Organizational Learning Cycles: How We Can Learn Collectively, UK, McGrow-Hill, 1994.
Garavan, Thomas. 1997. "The Learning Organization: A Review and Evaluation", The Learning Organization, 4(1), 18-29.
Garvin, D. (2000), Learning in Action: A Guide to Putting the Learning Organization to Work, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, MA.
Guns, B. (1996), The Faster Learning Organization: Gain and Sustain the Competitive Advantage, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA.
Hernandez, M., & Karen, E. W. (2003). Human Resource Development.
Hill, R. (1996)."A Measure of Learning Organization", Industrial and Commercial Training, 28(1).
Hult, T. M., & Ferrell, O. C. (1997), “A global learning organization structure and market information processing”, Journal of Business Research, 40, 155-66.
Kiedrowski, P. J. (2006). "Quantitative Assessment of a Senge Learning Organization Intervention", The Learning Organization. 13(4), 369-383
Kline, P. and Saunders, B. (1998), Ten Steps to a Learning Organization, 2nd ed. Rev, Great Ocean, Arlington.
Marquardt, M. and Reynolds, A. (1994), The Global Learning Organization, Richard D. Irwin, Inc.,Burr Ridge, IL.
Marquardt, M.J. (2002), Building the Learning Organization, 2nd ed., Davies-Black, Palo Alto.
Nevis, E. C., Dibella, A. J., & Gould, J. M. (1995). Understanding The Organization As Learning Systems", Sloan Management Review, 73-85.
Ortenblad, A. (2001) On Differences Between Organizational Learning And Learning Organization", The Learning Organization, 8(3), 125-133
Pedler, M., Burgoyne, J. and Boydell, T. (1991), The Learning Company: A Strategy for Sustainable Development, McGraw-Hill International, London.
Rahnavard, F. (1999). Organizational Learning and Learning Organization. Journal of Governmental Management, 43, 11-22, (In Persian).
Redding, J. (1997). Hardwiring the learning organization. Training and Development, 51(8), 61-67.
Schein, E. H. (1994). Organizational and Managerial Culture as a Facilitator or Inhibitor of Organizational Learning", Sloan Management Review.
Schroeder, P. G. (2002), “Case study of an administrative services department: the effect of learning organization theory as an intervention strategy in the transformation of organizational culture. Available at: wwwlib.umi com/.
Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization, New York: Doubleday Publication.
Senge, P. M., Kliener, A., Roberts, C., & Smith, B. J. (1994), The Fifth Discipline Field Book: Strategies and Tools for Building a Learning Organization, Currency Doubleday, New York.
Senge, P. M., Kliener, A., Roberts, C., Ross, R., Roth, G., & Smith, B. (1999), The Dance of Change: The Challenge of Sustaining Momentum in Learning Organizations, Doubleday, New York.
Senge, P. (2006). Fifth Commandment; Creating a Learning Organization. Translated by: H., Kamal Hedayat, & M., Roshan, Tehran: Industrial Management Organization, (In Persian).
Snell, R.S. (2002), “The learning organization, sense giving and psychological contracts: a Hong Kong case”, Organization Studies, 23(4), 4, 549-70.
Tosey P., & Smith, P. A. C. (1999), "Assessing The Learning Organization: Part2-Exploring Practical Assessment Approaches. The Learning Organization, 6(3), 107-115.
Tsang, W. K. (1997),"Organizational Learning and Learning Organization: A Dichotomy Between Descriptive And Prescriptive Research", Human Relation, 50(1), 73-89.
Watkins, K. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1996). In Action: Creating The Learning Organization, Alexandria, VA: American Society for Training and Development.
Watkins, K. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1993). Sculpting The Learnig Organization: Lesson in The Art and Science of Systemic Change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Wishart, N. A., Elam, J. J., & Robey, D. (1996), Redrawing the portrait of a learning organization: inside Knight-Ridder Inc”, The Academy of Management Executive, 10(1), 7-20.
Yang, B., Karen, E. W., & Victoria, J. M. (2004). The Construct of The Learning Organization: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 15(1), 31-55.
Yeo, R. K. (2005). Revisiting The Roots of Learning Organization. The Learning Organization, 12(4), 368-381.
