اثرات حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده بر سازگاری فردی واجتماعی معلولین
الموضوعات :شعله لیوارجانی 1 , رویا رحمانی 2
1 - عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز
2 -
الکلمات المفتاحية: حمایت اجتماعی, معلولان, سازگاری فردی و اجتماعی,
ملخص المقالة :
در تحقیق حاضراثر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده بر سازگاری فردی واجتماعی معلولین جسمی _حرکتی و نابینایان مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. نمونه مورد تحقیق شامل 372 دانش اموز دبیرستانی ( 182 معلول جسمی - حرکتی و 190 معلول بینایی ) است. در این تحقیق جهت بررسی اثر متغییر حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده در دو سطح بالا و پایین بر سازگاری فردی واجتماعی معلولین از طرح دو عاملی 2*2 استفاده شده است.نتایج تحقیق نشانگر تفاوت معنی دار بین اقراد با حمایت اجتماعی بالا و پایین در هر دو گروه معلولین است .علاوه بر این معلولین جسمی - حرکتی در مقایسه با نابینایان در مولفه سازگاری فردی دارای عملکرد بهتری بودند.
Berkman, L. (1986). Social network, support and Health: taking the next step forward. American Journal of Epidemiology, 123: 559-562.
Furukawa, T.A., Harai, H., Harai, T., Kitamura, T., and Takahashi, K(1999). Social support questionnaire among psychiatric patients with various diagnoses and normal controls. Psychiatry Epidemiol. 34: 216-222.
Horner, K.L. (2002). Personality and intimate support influences in prospective health status. Health and Medicine, 6(4), 473-479.
Ishi-Kant, M. (1987). The impact of informal social support on well-being. Comparison across stages of Adulthood. Paper presented at Annual Conference of the National Council of family Relations.
Jou, Y.H., and Fukada, H. (1994). Effects of social support on adjustment of Chinese students in Japan. Journal of Psychology, 135(1): 39-44.
Juntunen, C.L. and Atkinson, D.R. (2002). Counseling across the life span. Thousand Okas: Sage.
Kashani, J.H., Canfield, L.A., Burduin, G., Soltys, S.M. and Reid, J.C(1994. Psychiatric inpatient children’s family perceptions and anger expression. Journal of Emotional and Behavioural Disorders. 3(1), 13-18..
Kelly, T.L. (1939). The selection of upper and lower groups for the validation of test times. Journal of Educational Psychology. Vol. XXX, pp. 17-24.
Khojasteh Mehr, G.R. (1992). A comparative study of the personality of blind and sighted adolescents. Unpublished MA Thesis, Submitted in Tehran University , Tehran.
Morrow, G.R. (1981). Social support and parental adjustment to pediatric cancer. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology; Vol.49,5, 763- 765.
Reynolds, J. (2001). The role of social support in adjustment to breast cancer.
Richter, D.L. (1987). A descriptive analysis of relationship between social support networks and health status in females. Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of Southern Gerontological Society.
Rogow, S.M. (1972). Language acquisition and the blind child: a Study of impaired communication. Education of Visually Handicapped: 36-40.
Rounds, J.B. (1986). Social support, stress, and adjustment of spinal cord injury. Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association.
Sarason, I.G., Levine, H.M., Bashman, R.B., and Sarason, B.R. (1983). Assessing social support: The social support questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44: 127-344
Sarason, I.G., Sarason, B.R., and Shearin, E.N. (1986). Social support as an individual difference variable: Its stability, origins and relational aspects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50: 845-855.
Schmaling, K.B. (1984). Parental attachment, social support, and current life situation. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Western psychological Association. CA, April 5-8, 1984, p.12.
Shisana, O., and Calentano, D.D. (1987). Relationships of chronic stress, social support and coping styles to health among namibian refugees. Social Sciences Medicine, 24(2): 145-157.
Shontz, F.C. (1970). The problems and promises psychological research in rehabilitation. In E. Trapp and P. Himelstein (eds.). The Exceptional Child: Research and Theory. New York : Appleton- Century Crofts.
social support: The social support questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44: 127-344.
Thorpe, L.P., Clark, W.V. and Tiegs, E.V. California Test of Personality (1953). California Test Bureau, Los Angles, 28, California.
Varni, J.W. Katz, J., Colegrore, M., and Dolgin, J. (1994). Perceived social support and adjustment of children with newly diagnosed cancer. Journal of Development and Behavioural Paliatries, 15,(1): pp. 20-25.
Worchel, S. and Goethals, G.R. (1985). Adjustment Pathway to personal growth. New jersey: Prentic – Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs.
Zandt, V., Pearl, L., Sally, L., Wang, A. (1994). The role of social groups in adjusting to visual impairment in old age. Journal of visual impairment and blindness, Vol. 88(3): 244-252.