اثربخشی آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری فیزیکی دانشجویان دانشگاه پیام نور
الموضوعات :طاهر محبوبی 1 , سیدبهاالدین کریمی 2 , حسین زارع 3
1 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه پیام نور بوکان
2 - دانشگاه تبریز
3 - استاد، گروه روان شناشی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی, پرخاشگری فیزیکی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری فیزیکی دانشجویان دانشگاه پیام نور بوکان بود. بدین منظور 40 نفر انتخاب و به عنوان نمونه منظور گردیدند. روش تحقیق دراین مطالعه از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون همراه با گروه گواه بود و از مقیاس پرخاشگری ویلیامز(1996) به عنوان ابزار پژوهش استفاده گردید. برنامه آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی طی 10جلسه ی60 دقیقه ای و درمدت 5 هفته ی متوالی به دانشجویان ارائه گردید. بدین منظور نمونۀ تحقیق به صورت تصادفی در2 گروه 20 نفری(یک گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه گواه) گمارده شدند. گروه آزمایشی، تحت آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی قرار گرفت، درحالی که گروه گواه در معرض هیچ مداخله ای قرارنگرفتند. داده های بدست آمده با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و آمار استنباطی بوسیلۀ نرم افزار spss مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل کوواریانس و در سطح 05/0> pبرای گروه وابسته به منظور تعیین اثربخشی آموزش خودکنترلی هیجانی نشان داد که این کاربندی توانسته است به عنوان مداخله ای موثر موجب کاهش پرخاشگری فیزیکی دانشجویان در مرحله آزمایش (317/38= F و مجذور اتا 509/0) شود.
تاجیکزاده، فخری و صادقی، راضیه (1392). بررسی سبکهای کنترل هیجانی پیشبینی در پرخاشگری دانشجویان دختر. فصلنامه علمی پژوهش زن و جامعه، 4 (4)، 113-97.
رزمجوئی، مریم؛ شهیم، سیما و سلمانی خانکهدانی، لیلی (1392). رابطه رشد زبان با پرخاشگری جسمانی در کودکان کم توان ذهنی آموزشپذیر. فصلنامه پژوهش در علوم توانبخشی، 9 (6)، 1100-1109.
ریو، جان مارشال (2001). انگیزش و هیجان، ترجمه؛ یحیی سیدمحمدی (1383) ، تهران: موسسه نشر ویرایش، چاپ ششم.
گنجه، سید علیرضا؛ دهستانی، مهدی و زادهمحمدی، علی (1392). مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش مهارت های حل مساله و هوش هیجانی در کاهش پرخاشگری دانش آموزان پسر دبیرستانی. دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی، سال چهاردهم، شماره2، 38-50.
محمدی، مسعود؛ فرنام، رابرت و محبوبی، پریسا (1390). رابطه بین سبک های دلبستگی و دشواری در تنظیم هیجانی با رضایت زناشویی در معلمان جزیره کیش. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی زن و فرهنگ، سال دوم، شماره هفتم، بهار90، 9-20.
ملکی، صدیقه؛ فلاحی خشکناب، مسعود؛ ره گوی، ابوالفضل و رهگذر، مهدی (1390). بررسی تاثیر آموزش گروهی مهارت کنترل خشم بر پرخاشگری دانش آموزان پسر 12-15 سال. نشریه دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران(نشریه پرستاری ایران)، دوره26، شماره 69، 26-35.
موتابی، فرشته، فتی، لادن و همکاران (1386). آموزش مهارتهای زندگی « مدیریت استرس ومقابله های سازگارانه ». تهران: دفتر امور زنان وزارت بهداشت ، درمان و آموزش و پزشکی
ناصری، حسین (1386). مهارتهای زندگی ویژۀ دانشجویان. تهران: معاونت امور فرهنگی و پیشگیری سازمان بهزیستی کشور.
Abedi, A. (2001). The relationship between motivation and academic achievement of male and female students in Isfahan and personality and family Olatunji, B. O., Feldner, M. T., & Forsyth, J. P. (2010). Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders: An integrative review. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(1), 68–82.
Cleverley, K., Szatmari, P., Vaillancourt, T., Boyle, M., & Lipman, E. (2012). Developmental trajectories of physical and indirect aggression from late childhood to adolescence: Sex differences and outcomes in emerging adulthood. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(10), 1037-1051.
Cole, P. M. (1994). The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation: A clinical perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2/3), 73–100.
Donahue, J. J., Goranson, A. C., McClure, K. S., & Van Male, L. M. (2014). Emotion dysregulation, negative affect, and aggression: A moderated, multiple mediator analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 70, 23-28.
Esmaeili, L., Aghaei, A., Abedi, M. R., Esmaeili, M., & Aghaei, M. (2012). The efficacy of emotional regulation on the aggression of epileptic girls (14-18) in Isfahan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2183-2187.
Fosca, G.M., (2008). Beyond the Parent-child Dyad: Testing Family Systems Influences on Children,s Emotion Regulation, Doctoral Dissertation ofPhilosophy, Marquette University, Milwauke, Wiscansin.
Ganjeh, Seyyed Alireza; Dehestani, Mehdi and Zadeh Mohammadi, Ali. (2013). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Problem Solving Skills Training and Emotional Intelligence in Reducing Aggression among High School Students. Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, Year 14(2), 38-50 [In Persian].
Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z. E. (2008). Understanding clinical anger and violence the anger avoidance model. Behavior Modification, 32(6), 897–912.
Gratz, K. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., Tull, M. T., Lejuez, C. W., & Gunderson, J. G. (2006). An experimental investigation of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(4), 850–855.
Greenberg, L. S., Elliott, R., & Pos, A. E. (2007). Emotion-focused therapy: An overview.
Hayatbakhsh, M. R., Najman, J. M., Bor, W., O’Callaghan, M. J. & Williams, G. M. (2009). Multiple risk factor model predicting cannabis use and use disorders: a longitudinal study. The American journal of drug and Alcohol Abuse, 35(6),399–407.
Heppner, W. L., Kernis, M. H., Lakey, C. E., Campbell, W. K., Goldman, B. M., & Davis, P. J. (2008). Mindfulness as a means of reducing aggressive behavior: Dispositional and situational evidence. Aggressive Behavior, 34(5), 486–496.
Hwang, J. (2006). A processing model of emotion regulation: insights from the attachment system. Doctoral dissertation, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University.
Kun, B., & Demetrovics, Z. (2010). Emotional intelligence and addictions: A systematic review. Substance Use & Misuse, 45(7–8), 1131–1160.
Leahy Robert, L., Dennis, D., Tirch, & Lisa, A. N. (2012). Emotion regulation in psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. Guilford Press.
Lomas, J., Stough, C., Hansen, K., & Downey, L. A. (2012). Brief report: Emotional intelligence, victimisation and bullying in adolescents. Journal of adolescence, 35(1), 207-211.
Maleki, S., Fallahi Khoshknab, M., Rahgoui, A., & Rahgassar, M. (2011). The effect of group training on anger control skill on aggression among male students aged 12-15 years. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iranian Journal of Nursing, 26(69), 26-35 [In Persian].
Miller, J. D., Zeichner, A., & Wilson, L. F. (2012). Personality correlates of aggression evidence from measures of the five-factor model, UPPS model of impulsivity, and BIS/BAS. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(14), 2903–2919.
Mohammadi, M., Farnam, R., & Mahboubi, P. (2011). Relationship between attachment styles and difficulty in emotional regulation with marital satisfaction in Kish Island teachers. Journal of Women and Culture, 2(7), 9-20 [In Persian].
Motabi, f. & Fati, L. (2007). Life skills training "Stress Management and Adaptive Coping". Tehran: Women's Affairs Office of the Ministry of Health, Education, and Medicine [In Persian].
Nasseri, H. (2007). Student Life Skills. Tehran: Deputy of Cultural Affairs and Prevention of the Welfare Organization of Iran [In Persian].
Norstrom, T., & Pape, H. (2010). Alcohol, suppressed anger and violence. Addiction, 105(9), 1580–1586.
Razmjoei, M., Shahim, S. & KhanKahdani salmani, L. (2013). Relationship of language development with physical aggression in infertile mentally retarded children. Quarterly Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences, 9 (6), 1100-1109 [In Persian].
Rio, J. M. (2001). Motivation and Excitement; Yahya Seyyed Mohammadi (2004), Tehran: Publications Publishing, Sixth Edition [In Persian].
Roberton, T., Daffern, M., & Bucks, R. S. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 72-82.
Sanchez-Martin, J. R., Azurmendi, A., Pascual-Sagastizabal, E., Cardas, J., Braza, F., & Braza, P., (2011). Androgen levels and anger and impulsivity measures as predictors of physical, verbal and indirect aggression in boys and girls. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36(5), 750–760.
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Adkins, A. D., Wahler, R. G., & Sabaawi, M. (2007). Individuals with mental illness can control their aggressive behavior through mindfulness training. Behavior Modification, 31(3), 313–328.
Sprott, J. B., & Doob, A. N. (2000). Bad, sad, and rejected: The lives of aggressive children. Canadian J. Criminology, 42, 123.
Stan, C., & Beldean, I. G. (2014). The Development of Social and Emotional Skills of Students-ways to Reduce the Frequency of Bullying-type Events. Experimental Results. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 735-743.
Sullivan, T. N., Helms, S. W., Kliewer, W., & Goodman, K. L. (2010). Associations between sadness and anger regulation coping, emotional expression, and physical and relational aggression among urban adolescents. Social Development, 19(1), 30–51.
Tager, D., Good, G. E., & Brammer, S. (2010). “Walking over 'em”: An exploration of relations between emotion dysregulation, masculine norms, and intimate partner abuse in a clinical sample of men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 11(3), 233– 239.
Tajikzada, F., & Sadeghi, R. (2013). Emotional control styles prediction of female students' aggression. Journal of Women and Society Research, 4(4), 113-97 [In Persian].
Tull, M. T., Medaglia, E., & Roemer, L. (2005). An investigation of the construct validity of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale through the use of a verbalization task. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 59(2), 77–84.
Wilkowski, B. M., & Robinson, M. D. (2008). Clear heads are cool heads: Emotional clarity and the down-regulation of antisocial affect. Cognition and Emotion, 22(2),308–326.
Williams, C., Richardson, D. S., Hammock, G. S., & Janit, A. S. (2012). Perceptions of physical and psychological aggression in close relationships: A review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(6), 489-494.
Williams, G. C., Deci, E. L. (1996). Internalization of bio psychological values by medical students: A test of self-determination theory. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol, 70: 767–779.
_||_Abedi, A. (2001). The relationship between motivation and academic achievement of male and female students in Isfahan and personality and family Olatunji, B. O., Feldner, M. T., & Forsyth, J. P. (2010). Emotion regulation and the anxiety disorders: An integrative review. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32(1), 68–82.
Cleverley, K., Szatmari, P., Vaillancourt, T., Boyle, M., & Lipman, E. (2012). Developmental trajectories of physical and indirect aggression from late childhood to adolescence: Sex differences and outcomes in emerging adulthood. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51(10), 1037-1051.
Cole, P. M. (1994). The development of emotion regulation and dysregulation: A clinical perspective. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 59(2/3), 73–100.
Donahue, J. J., Goranson, A. C., McClure, K. S., & Van Male, L. M. (2014). Emotion dysregulation, negative affect, and aggression: A moderated, multiple mediator analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 70, 23-28.
Esmaeili, L., Aghaei, A., Abedi, M. R., Esmaeili, M., & Aghaei, M. (2012). The efficacy of emotional regulation on the aggression of epileptic girls (14-18) in Isfahan. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 2183-2187.
Fosca, G.M., (2008). Beyond the Parent-child Dyad: Testing Family Systems Influences on Children,s Emotion Regulation, Doctoral Dissertation ofPhilosophy, Marquette University, Milwauke, Wiscansin.
Ganjeh, Seyyed Alireza; Dehestani, Mehdi and Zadeh Mohammadi, Ali. (2013). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Problem Solving Skills Training and Emotional Intelligence in Reducing Aggression among High School Students. Knowledge and Research in Applied Psychology, Year 14(2), 38-50 [In Persian].
Gardner, F. L., & Moore, Z. E. (2008). Understanding clinical anger and violence the anger avoidance model. Behavior Modification, 32(6), 897–912.
Gratz, K. L., Rosenthal, M. Z., Tull, M. T., Lejuez, C. W., & Gunderson, J. G. (2006). An experimental investigation of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(4), 850–855.
Greenberg, L. S., Elliott, R., & Pos, A. E. (2007). Emotion-focused therapy: An overview.
Hayatbakhsh, M. R., Najman, J. M., Bor, W., O’Callaghan, M. J. & Williams, G. M. (2009). Multiple risk factor model predicting cannabis use and use disorders: a longitudinal study. The American journal of drug and Alcohol Abuse, 35(6),399–407.
Heppner, W. L., Kernis, M. H., Lakey, C. E., Campbell, W. K., Goldman, B. M., & Davis, P. J. (2008). Mindfulness as a means of reducing aggressive behavior: Dispositional and situational evidence. Aggressive Behavior, 34(5), 486–496.
Hwang, J. (2006). A processing model of emotion regulation: insights from the attachment system. Doctoral dissertation, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgia State University.
Kun, B., & Demetrovics, Z. (2010). Emotional intelligence and addictions: A systematic review. Substance Use & Misuse, 45(7–8), 1131–1160.
Leahy Robert, L., Dennis, D., Tirch, & Lisa, A. N. (2012). Emotion regulation in psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. Guilford Press.
Lomas, J., Stough, C., Hansen, K., & Downey, L. A. (2012). Brief report: Emotional intelligence, victimisation and bullying in adolescents. Journal of adolescence, 35(1), 207-211.
Maleki, S., Fallahi Khoshknab, M., Rahgoui, A., & Rahgassar, M. (2011). The effect of group training on anger control skill on aggression among male students aged 12-15 years. Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iranian Journal of Nursing, 26(69), 26-35 [In Persian].
Miller, J. D., Zeichner, A., & Wilson, L. F. (2012). Personality correlates of aggression evidence from measures of the five-factor model, UPPS model of impulsivity, and BIS/BAS. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(14), 2903–2919.
Mohammadi, M., Farnam, R., & Mahboubi, P. (2011). Relationship between attachment styles and difficulty in emotional regulation with marital satisfaction in Kish Island teachers. Journal of Women and Culture, 2(7), 9-20 [In Persian].
Motabi, f. & Fati, L. (2007). Life skills training "Stress Management and Adaptive Coping". Tehran: Women's Affairs Office of the Ministry of Health, Education, and Medicine [In Persian].
Nasseri, H. (2007). Student Life Skills. Tehran: Deputy of Cultural Affairs and Prevention of the Welfare Organization of Iran [In Persian].
Norstrom, T., & Pape, H. (2010). Alcohol, suppressed anger and violence. Addiction, 105(9), 1580–1586.
Razmjoei, M., Shahim, S. & KhanKahdani salmani, L. (2013). Relationship of language development with physical aggression in infertile mentally retarded children. Quarterly Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences, 9 (6), 1100-1109 [In Persian].
Rio, J. M. (2001). Motivation and Excitement; Yahya Seyyed Mohammadi (2004), Tehran: Publications Publishing, Sixth Edition [In Persian].
Roberton, T., Daffern, M., & Bucks, R. S. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 72-82.
Sanchez-Martin, J. R., Azurmendi, A., Pascual-Sagastizabal, E., Cardas, J., Braza, F., & Braza, P., (2011). Androgen levels and anger and impulsivity measures as predictors of physical, verbal and indirect aggression in boys and girls. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36(5), 750–760.
Singh, N. N., Lancioni, G. E., Winton, A. S. W., Adkins, A. D., Wahler, R. G., & Sabaawi, M. (2007). Individuals with mental illness can control their aggressive behavior through mindfulness training. Behavior Modification, 31(3), 313–328.
Sprott, J. B., & Doob, A. N. (2000). Bad, sad, and rejected: The lives of aggressive children. Canadian J. Criminology, 42, 123.
Stan, C., & Beldean, I. G. (2014). The Development of Social and Emotional Skills of Students-ways to Reduce the Frequency of Bullying-type Events. Experimental Results. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 114, 735-743.
Sullivan, T. N., Helms, S. W., Kliewer, W., & Goodman, K. L. (2010). Associations between sadness and anger regulation coping, emotional expression, and physical and relational aggression among urban adolescents. Social Development, 19(1), 30–51.
Tager, D., Good, G. E., & Brammer, S. (2010). “Walking over 'em”: An exploration of relations between emotion dysregulation, masculine norms, and intimate partner abuse in a clinical sample of men. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 11(3), 233– 239.
Tajikzada, F., & Sadeghi, R. (2013). Emotional control styles prediction of female students' aggression. Journal of Women and Society Research, 4(4), 113-97 [In Persian].
Tull, M. T., Medaglia, E., & Roemer, L. (2005). An investigation of the construct validity of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale through the use of a verbalization task. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 59(2), 77–84.
Wilkowski, B. M., & Robinson, M. D. (2008). Clear heads are cool heads: Emotional clarity and the down-regulation of antisocial affect. Cognition and Emotion, 22(2),308–326.
Williams, C., Richardson, D. S., Hammock, G. S., & Janit, A. S. (2012). Perceptions of physical and psychological aggression in close relationships: A review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(6), 489-494.
Williams, G. C., Deci, E. L. (1996). Internalization of bio psychological values by medical students: A test of self-determination theory. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol, 70: 767–779.