اثرات مصرف باکتری آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم (Azospirillum lipoferum)، محصول قبلی و مقدار مصرف نیتروژن بر رشد و عملکرد برنج (Oryza sativa L.) در تنکابن
الموضوعات : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
میلاد جوادی
1
(باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
هاشم امین پناه
2
(دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: برنج, تثبیت بیولوژیکی نیتروژن, باکتری های محرک رشد, تغذیه معدنی برنج, تناوب بقولات,
ملخص المقالة :
کشت گیاهان زمستانه خانواده بقولات در تناوب با برنج و استفاده از باکتری های محرک رشد گیاه می توانند راه کار مناسبی در جهت افزایش پایداری تولید در مزارع برنج باشند. به منظور بررسی اثر باکتری آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم، محصول قبلی و مقدار نیتروژن بر رشد و عملکرد رقم شیرودی برنج، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن، استان مازندران، در سال 1393 انجام شد. گیاهان قبلی شبدر برسیم، باقلا و آیش به عنوان عوامل اصلی و دو سطح از مصرف باکتری آزوسپریلوم (تلقیح و عدم تلقیح) و سه سطح مقدار از کود نیتروژنه توصیه شده (50، 75 و 100 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) به عنوان عوامل فرعی به صورت فاکتوریل در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که عملکرد برنج در صورت کاشت آن پس از شبدر برسیم حدود سه درصد بیشتر از عملکرد برنج در صورت کاشت آن پس از آیش بود. در مقابل، عملکرد شلتوک در صورت کاشت آن پس از باقلا حدود 16 درصد کمتر از عملکرد شلتوک در صورت کاشت آن پس از آیش بود. کاربرد باکتری آزوسپریلوم سبب افزایش عملکرد شلتوک به میزان 14 درصد گردید. با افزایش مصرف نیتروژن از 50 به 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد شلتوک به میزان 11 درصد افزایش یافت، در حالی که مصرف بیشتر نیتروژن اثر معنی داری بر عملکرد شلتوک نداشت. با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش، کاربرد باکتری آزوسپریلوم به همراه مصرف 75 درصد از مقدار نیتروژن توصیه شده جهت دست یابی به حداکثر عملکرد برنج رقم شیرودی در تنکابن می تواند مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
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