اثر تنش خشکی و محلول‌پاشی با سالیسیلیک اسید بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد، رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی و متابولیت‌های سازگاری رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare P. Mill.) در شرایط اقلیمی سیستان
الموضوعات :
اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
براتعلی فاخری
1
(استاد اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.)
فروزان حیدری
2
(گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، ایران)
نفیسه مهدی‌نژاد
3
(استادیار اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران)
ایمان شاهرخی ساردویی
4
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.)
تاريخ الإرسال : 30 الثلاثاء , جمادى الأولى, 1440
تاريخ التأكيد : 10 الأربعاء , رمضان, 1440
تاريخ الإصدار : 19 السبت , شوال, 1440
الکلمات المفتاحية:
تنش خشکی,
سالیسیلیک اسید,
محلول‌پاشی,
عملکرد اقتصادی,
ارقام رازیانه,
ملخص المقالة :
استفاده از سالیسیلیک اسید در تغذیه گیاهان دارویی تحت شرایط تنش رطوبتی، نقش قابل ملاحظه ای را در کاهش اثرات سوء تنش آبی و بهبود عملکرد گیاه دارد. بدین منظور آزمایشی در سال زراعی 93-1392 به صورت اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانـشگاه زابل انجام شد. تنش خشکی شامل سه سطح آبیاری (90 ،نرمال، 60 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) به عنـوان عامل اصلی، سه سطح محـلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسیـد (صفر، شـاهد، 5/2 و 5 میلی مولار) و رقم های اصفهان، همدان و نهاوند به عنوان عامل های فرعی بودند. صفات مورد بررسی شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد چترک در چتر، دانه در چترک، تعداد ساقه فرعی، قطر ساقه، وزن تر گیاه، عملکرد اقتصادی و بیولوژیکی، وزن هزار دانه، کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئیدها، آنتوسیانین، قندهای محلول و پرولین بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی موجب کاهش صفات مورد بررسی گردید. محلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید باعث افزایش برخی از پارامتر ها ازجمله ارتفاع نهایی بوته، تعداد چتر، تعداد دانه در چترک، وزن تر ساقه، عملکرد دانه و بوته، کلروفیل a، b، قندهای محلول و پرولین گردید. بیشترین عملکرد دانه از محلول پاشی 5 میلی مولار و رقم اصفهان در شرایط آبیاری 90 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه به دست آمد. با توجه به این نتایج، بهترین رقم از نظر عملکرد دانه، رقم اصفهان و با محلول پاشی 5 میلی مولار در شرایط آبیاری کامل بود.
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