هم‌سنجی اثربخشی و تداوم تأثیر درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر و شفقت‌درمانی بر اجتناب تجربه‌ای و بدتنظیمی هیجان در زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی
الموضوعات :مینوش همایونی 1 , مولود کیخسروانی 2 , علی پولادی ریشهری 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تخصصی، واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، بوشهر، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران ( نویسنده مسئول ) moloud.keykhosrovani@gmail.com
3 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، , واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، بوشهر، ایران . استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور، بوشهر، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: اجتناب تجربه‌ای, درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر, شفقت‌درمانی, بدتنظیمی هیجان, زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی,
ملخص المقالة :
مرور پیشینه نظری و تجربی نشان می‌دهد که درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور و درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای مؤثر بوده است. اما هنوز مشخص نیست که کدام‌یک از این مداخلات در طول زمان اثربخشی بیشتر و پایدارتری دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف هم‌سنجی اثربخشی و تداوم تأثیر درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر و شفقت‌درمانی بر اجتناب تجربه‌ای و بدتنظیمی هیجان در زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی انجام پذیرفت. پژوهش حاضر حیث هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت از نوع طرح‌های نیمه‌آزمایشی با پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون چندگروهی با گروه گواه با یک مرحله پیگیری سه ماه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر متشکل از تمامی زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی که در سال 99-1398 عضو خانه‌های امن شیراز بود که به روش داوطلبانه 45 نفر انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در گروه‌های آزمایش (درمان شفقت و ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور) و گواه قرار گرفتند. ابزارهای سنجش شامل تنظیم هیجان گارنفسکی، کرایج و اسپینهاون (2001) و پرسشنامه اجتناب تجربه‌ای باوند و همکاران (2010) بود. یکی از گروه‌های آزمایش مداخله ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور هافمن، وو و بوتچر (2014) و گروه دیگر آزمایش درمان متمرکز بر شفقت گیلبرت (2010) را هرکدام در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای دریافت کردند و گروه گواه هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و بنفرونی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد درمان مبتنی بر شفقت و درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور بر بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای مؤثر است (01/0p<). روش درمان مبتنی بر شفقت نسبت به درمان ذهن‌آگاهی در کاهش بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای اثربخش‌تر می‌باشد (01/0p<). به نظر می‌رسد درمان مبتنی بر شفقت و درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک امر پیشگیرانه و بهبوددهنده در افزایش سلامت روان و کیفیت زندگی زنان قربان خشونت خانگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
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Abbasi, I., Fata, L., Moloudi, R., & Zarabi, H. (2012). Psychometric adequacy of the Persian version of the Admission and Practice Questionnaire - Second Edition. Journal of Psychological Methods and Models, 3(10), 65-80. [In Persian]
Abedinia, N., Boalhari, J., & Naghizadeh, M. M. (2015). Comparison of the underlying factors of divorce application by gender. Journal of Psychological Studies, 11(1), 141-177. [In Persian]
Ahmadi, S.Z., Mirzaeian, B., & Maddah, M.T. (2014). The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on anxiety and cognitive avoidance in anxiety students. Journal of New Ideas in Psychology, 1(1), 10-1. [In Persian]
Akin, A. (2010). Self-compassion and Loneliness. International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2(3), 702 -718.
Atkins, D. C., Marin, R. A., Lo, T. Y., Klann, N., & Hahlweg, K. (2010). Outcomes of couples with infidelity in a community -based sample of couple therapy. Journal of Family Psychology, 24 (4), 212-216. doi: 10.1037/a0018789.
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Bardeen, J. R., & Fergus, T. A. (2016). The interactive effect of cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance on anxiety, depression, stress and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Journal of contextual behavioral science, 5(1), 1-6.
Bell, K. M., & Higgins, L. (2015). The impact of childhood emotional abuse and experiential avoidance on maladaptive problem solving and intimate partner violence. Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 154-175.
Bent, S., & Goleman, T. (2001). Emotional alchemy: How the mind can heal the heart. New York: Three Rivers Press.
Berman, N. C., Wheaton, M. G., McGrath, P., & Abramowitz, J. S. (2010). Predicting anxiety: the role of experiential avoidance and anxiety sensitivity. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24(1), 109-130.
Bond, F. W., Hayes, S. C., Baer, R. A., Carpenter, K. M., Guenole, N., Orcutt, H. K., & Zettle, R. D. (2011). Preliminary psychometric properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire –II: A revised measure of psychological inflexibility and experiential avoidance. Behavior Therapy, 42 (4), 676 -688.
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Cicchetti, D., Ackerman, B. P., & Izard, C. E. (1995). Emotions and Emotion Regulation in Developmental Psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 1-10.
D’Olimpio F, Mancini F. (2014). Role of Deontological Guilt in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder–Like Checking and Washing Behaviors. Clinical Psychology Sci 2(6), 727-39.
Damson, R. (2015). The effect of self-compassion on the resilience and emotion regulation of marital woman. Journal of Personality assessment, 63 (2), 262 - 274.
Deminof, L. (2013). The efficacy of self-compassion on the adversity quotient, Emotion Regulationof marital woman. Journal Anxiety Disorder, 11(5), 279 -315.
Denis, K., & Beker, R (2015). The effect of selfcompassion on the irrational beliefs, selfdissociationand marital not satisfaction in couples. Journal of Personality assessment, 63(2), 262 - 274.
Dimitropoulou, C., & Leontopoulou, S. (2017). A positive psychological intervention to promote well-being in a multicultural school setting in Greece. The European journal of counselling psychology, 6(1), 113-137.
Eftekhari, A., Zoellner, L. A., & Vigil, S. A. (2009). Patterns of Emotion Regulation and Psychopathology. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 22, 571-586.
Fathollahzadeh, N., Majlesi, Z., Mazaheri, Z, Rostami, M., & Navabi Nejad, Sh. (2017). The effectiveness of compassion-based focused therapy on the internalized and self-critical shame of emotionally abused women. Psychological Studies, 13(2), 151-168. [In Persian]
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Gerami, M., Saeidmanesh, & M. Niknam. (2017). The effectiveness of positive group therapy on selfesteem among young girl's in Yazd.
Gerhart, J. A., Baker, C. N., Hoerger, M., & Ronan, G. F. (2014). Experiential avoidance and interpersonal problems: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 3(4), 291-298.
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Granefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2002). Manual for the use of the cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Leiderorp: Datec.
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual Differences in Two Emotion Regulation Processes: Implications for Affect, Relationships, and WellBeing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 348-362.
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Hershenberg, R., Mavandadi, S., Wright, E., & Thase, M. E. (2017). Anhedonia in the daily lives of depressed veterans: A pilot report on experiential avoidance as a moderator of emotional reactivity. Journal of Affective Disorders, 208(1), 414-417.
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Hofmann, S. G., Wu, J. Q., & Boettcher. H. (2014). Effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders on quality. Journal of consulting clinical psychology, 82(6), 1228.
Huh, H. J., Kim, S. Y., Yu, J. J., & Chae, J. H. (2014). Childhood trauma and adult interpersonal relationship problems in patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Annals of general psychiatry, 13(2), 26-36.
Ivtzan, I., Niemiec, R. M., & Briscoe, Ch. (2016). A study investigating the effects of mindfulness based strengths practice (MBSP) on wellbeing. International journal of wellbeing, 6(2), 1-13.
Kashdan, T. B., & Ciarrochi, J. (2013). The Context Press mindfulness and acceptance practica series. Mindfulness, acceptance, and positive psychology: The seven foundations of well-being. Oakland, CA, US: Context Press/New Harbinger Publications.
Keng, S. L., Smoski, M. J., & Robins, C. J. (2011). Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: a review of empirical studies. Clinical psychology review, 31, 1041-1056.
Krieger, T., Altenstein, D., Baetting, I., Doering, N., & Grosse, M. (2013). Self compassion in depression: Associations with depressive symptoms rumination and avoidance in depressed outpatients. JBT, 44, 501-13.
Leary, S.W., Kerr, C., Wasserman, R.J., Gray, J. R., Greve, D., & Treadway, M. T. (2007). Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness. Neuroreport, 16(17), 1893-1897.
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McEvoy, P. M., Burgess, M. M., Page, A. C., Nathan, P., & Fursland, A. (2013). Interpersonal problems across anxiety, depression, and eating disorders: a transdiagnostic examination. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 52(2), 129-47.
McManus, F., Muse, K., Surawy, C., Hackmann, A., & Williams, J. M. G. (2015). Relating differently to intrusive images: The impact of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on intrusive images in patients with severe health anxiety (Hypochondriasis). Mindfulness, 6(4), 788-796.
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