تأثیر تراکم بوته و روش¬های کنترل علف¬های هرز بر خصوصیات رویشی و عملکرد لوبیا قرمز
الموضوعات :
محمد كاظم عليلو
1
(دانش آموخته كارشناسي ارشد، گروه زراعت، واحد خوي، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، خوي، ايران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: درصد پروتئین, علف کش, عملکرد بیولوژیک, عملکرد دانه, لوبیا قرمز,
ملخص المقالة :
استفاده از تراکم کاشت مناسب و کنترل صحیح علف¬های هرز، از جمله عوامل مهم در دستیابی به عملکرد بالا در لوبیا قرمز است. به منظور ارزیابی اثرات تراکم بوته و کنترل علف¬های هرز بر خصوصیات رویشی و عملکرد لوبیا قرمز، آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک¬های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی شهرستان خوی در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا گردید. در این تحقیق تراکم کاشت در سه سطح 20، 25 و 30 بوته در متر¬مربع و روش¬های کنترل علف¬های هرز در چهار سطح عدم کنترل، علف‌کش اختصاصی (بنتازون)، کنترل دستی و کاربرد علف¬کش عمومی (پاراکوات) انتخاب شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که اثر متقابل تراکم کاشت و روش¬های کنترل علف¬های هرز، بر صفات تعداد شاخه جانبی، تعداد غلاف در بوته، عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد پروتئین معنی¬دار بود و بر صفات دیگر همچون ارتفاع بوته و درصد پروتئین دانه اثر معنی¬داری نداشت. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک در تراکم کاشت 30 بوته در متر مربع و اعمال وجین دستی به ترتیب 3391 و 15275 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد و بیشترین درصد پروتئین دانه نیز در تراکم 20 بوته در متر مربع و اعمال وجین دستی علف¬های هرز به میزان 8/24 درصد حاصل شد . نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که در بین روش¬های مختلف کنترل علف¬های هرز، روش کنترل دستی از برتری نسبی برخوردار می¬باشد و مصرف علف¬کش عمومی به تنهایی در کنترل و مهار علف¬های هرز لوبیا قرمز کار¬آمد نیست. تولید عملکرد دانه حداکثر با تراکم 30 بوته در متر مربع حاکی از عکس العمل مثبت لوبیا قرمز به تراکم‌‌های بالا گیاهی می‌باشد.
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