Geochemistry and diagenetic evidence of middle-late Permian deposits, Northern Iran

الموضوعات :

Alireza Chegini ¹ , Iraj Maghfouri Moghaddam ² , Mohamahosein Adabi ³ , Masoud Lotfpour ⁴

1 - Pasargad Company, Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Lurestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran
3 - School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Pasargad Company, Tehran, Iran

تاريخ الإرسال : 12 الإثنين , شوال, 1442 تاريخ التأكيد : 11 الخميس , محرم, 1443 تاريخ الإصدار : 11 الخميس , محرم, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: diagenesis, Alborz, Geochemistry, Permian, Ruteh Formation,

ملخص المقالة :

This study provides a evaluation of the initial carbonate mineralogy, and diagenetic condition of the Ruteh Formation, a middle-late Permian carbonate sequence, in the Emarat section in Central Alborz, northern Iran. 200 samples were examined for petrographical contents and thirty-four samples were collected for geochemical analysis. The high Sr and Na contents, Sr/Na>1, and the presence of dolomites and dissolution fractures are indicative aragonite early mineralogy. The diagenetic process in the Ruteh Fm. are an indication of the marine, meteoric and burial diagenetic environments. The original carbonate texture in the Ruteh Fm. are Severely affected by diagenetic process. The data obtained from the values of the Major (Ca and Mg), minor (Sr, Na, Fe, and Mn), oxygen and carbone isotopes show the initial aragonite composition of the Ruteh Fm. deposited in a subtropical shallow water. An open diagenetic system was indicated by changes in the values of Sr / Ca and δ18O vs. Mn. The shallow burial diagenetic temperature of the Ruteh carbonate was approximate 28.6°C with the maximum diagenetic temperature of 53.4°C.

المصادر:

1. Adabi MH (2009) Multistage dolomitization of upper jurassic mozduran formation, Kopet-Dagh Basin, ne Iran. Carbonates and Evaporites 24(1): 16-32.


2. Adabi MH, Rao CP (1991) Petrographic and geochemical evidence for original aragonite mineralogy of Upper Jurassic carbonates (Mozduran Formation), Sarakhs area, Iran. Sedimentary Geology 72(3-4): 253-267.


3. Aghanabati SA (2012) Geology of Iran and neighbouring countries. Journal of Economic Geology 20:8(2):525-52.


4. Al-Aasm IS, Packard JJ (2000) Stabilization of early-formed dolomite: a tale of divergence from two Mississippian dolomites. Sedimentary geology 131(3-4): 97-108.


5. Alavi M (1996) Tectonostratigraphic synthesis and structural style of the Alborz Mountains system in northern Iran. Journal of Geodynamics11: 1–33.


6. Alexandersson T (1972) Micritization of carbonate particles: processes of precipitation and dissolution in modern shallow-marine sediments. Universitet Uppsala. Geol Inst Bull 7(3): 201-236.


7. Anderson TF, Arthur M.A. (1983) Stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon and their application to sedimentological and aleoenvironmental problems. In Stable isotopes in sedimentary geology. SEPM Short Course, ed. M.A. Arthur, T.F. Anderson, I.R. Kaplan, J. Veizer, and L. Land, 10: 1–151.


8. Assereto R (1963) The Paleozoic Foraminifera in Central Elborz (Iran): Prelimnery Note. Rivista Italianadi Paleontologial Stratigrafia 69: 503-543.


9. Belley R, Archambault Philippe, Sundby B, Franck G (2008) Environmental factors influencing macrobenthic biodiversity and bioturbation in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. nternational Council for the Exploration of the Sea annual science conferenceAt: World Trade and Convention Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada.


10. Bathurst RGC (1974) Marine diagenesis of shallow water calcium carbonate sediments. Annual review of earth and planetary sciences 2(1): 257-274.


11. Bathurst RGC (1975) Recent Developments in Carbonate Sedimentary geology 60 (1-4):3-12.


12. Brand U, Veizer J (1980) Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponent carbonate system; 1, Trace elements. Journal of Sedimentary Research 50 (4): 1219-1236.


13. Butts SH (2014) Silicification, in LaFlamme M, Schiffbauerand JD, Darroch SAF eds., Reading and Writing of the Fossil Record: Preservational Pathways to Exceptional Fossilization, The Paleontological Society Papers 20: 15–33. 


14. Chen B, Joachimski MM, Shen S, Lambert LL, Lai X, Wang X, Chen J, Yuan D (2013) Permian ice volume and palaeoclimate history: Oxygen isotope proxies revisited. Gondwana Research 24: 77–89.


15. Dunham RJ (1962) Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional textures. Mem. Amer. Ass. Petrol. Geol. 1:108-121.


16. Flügel E (2010) Facies of carbonate rocks, analysis, interpretation, and application. Springer-Verlag New York, 996 p.


17. Gaines AM (1980) Dolomitization kinetics, recent experimental studies. InConcepts and Models of Dolomitization (ed. DH. Zenger, JB. Dunham and RL. Ethington), Spec. Pub. Soc. Econ. Paleon. Min 28: 81–86. Tulsa, OK.


18. Glauas M (1964) Trias und Oberperm im zentralen Elburs (Persien). Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae 57: 497-568.


19. Gregg JM, Shelton KL (1990) Dolomitization and dolomite neomorphism in the back reef facies of the Bonneterre and Davis formations (Cambrian), southeastern Missouri. Journal of Sedimentary Research 60(4): 549-562.


20. Jenny J, Stampfli G (1978) Lithostratigraphie du Permien de l'Elburz oriental en Iran. Eclogae. Geol Helv 71(3): 551-580.


21. Kaufman AJ, Jacobsen SB, Knoll AH (1993) The Vendian record of Sr and C isotope variations in seawater: implications for tectonics and paleoclimate. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 120: 409–430.


22. Kobluk DR, Risk MJ (1977) Calcification of exposed filaments of endolithic algae, micrite envelope formation, and sediment production. Journal of Sedimentary Research 47(2): 517-528.


23. Kyser TK, James NP, Bone Y (2002) Shallow burial dolomitization and dedolomitization of Cenozoic cool-water limestones, southern Australia: geochemistry and origin. Journal of Sedimentary Research 72(1): 146-157.


24. Milliman JD (1974) Marine carbonates. Recent sedimentary carbonates part 1. Springer‐Verlag 378p.


25. Morse JW, Mackenzie FT (1990) Geochemistry of sedimentary carbonates. Elsevier 706p.


26. Perkins RD, Halsey SD (1971) Geologic significance of microboring fungi and algae in Carolina shelf sediments. Journal of sedimentary research 41(3): 843-853.


27. Rao CP (1996) Modern Carbonates: tropical, temperate and polarintroduction to sedimentology and geochemistry. Carbonates, Hobart 206 p.


28. Scotese CR (2002) Atlas of Earth History. Paleomap Project, Arlington, Texas 58p.


29. Scholle PA, Ulmer-Scholle DS (2003) A Color Guide to the Petrography of Car: onate Rocks: Grains, Textures, Porosity, Diagenesis. AAPG Memoir 77 :477p.


30. Sengor AC (1984) The Cimmeride orogenic system and the tectonics of Eurasia. Boulder. Geol S Am S 195: 82 p.p.


31. Sibley DF (1982) The origin of common dolomite fabrics; clues from the Pliocene. Journal of Sedimentary Research 52(4): 1087-110.


32. Sibley DF, Dedoes RE, Bartlett TR (1987) Kinetics of dolomitization. Geology 15(12): 1112-1114.


33. Silbey DF, Gregg JM (1987) Classification of dolomite rock texture. J Sediment Res 57(6): 967-975.


34. Stampfli GM, Marcoux J and Baud A (1991) Tethyan margins in space and time. Palaeoecology 87: 373–409.


35. Stampfli G, Zaninetti L, Brüninman P, Jennydeshusses C, Stampeli vuille B (1976) Trias de l’Elburz oriental, Iran. Stratigraphie, se´dimentologie, micropale´ontologie. Riv Ital Paleontol 82: 467–500.


36. Stöcklin J (1971) Stratigraphic lexicon of Iran. Part I: Central, North and East Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Report No. 18:338.


37. Winefield PR, Nelson CS, Hodder APW (1996) Discriminating temperate carbonates and their diagenetic environments using bulk elemental geochemistry: a reconnaissance study based on New Zealand Cenozoic limestones. Carbonates Evaporites 11(1): 19.