شارک

عنوان URL للمقالة


رقم المقالة : IJES-1903-1312 (R4) زيارة : 213 الصفحة: 98 - 123

10.30495/ijes.2020.673332

نوع المخطوط: ابحاث

Biostratigraphy of Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in Tuyeh-Darvar section, north of Iran

الموضوعات :

Mohammad Taghi Najjarzadeh 1 ( Department of Geology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran )
Ali Reaza Ashouri 2 ( Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran )
Mehdi Yazdi 3 ( Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran )
Ali Bahrami 4 ( Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran )

تاريخ الإرسال : 15 الجمعة , ذو الحجة, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 20 الثلاثاء , ربيع الثاني, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 08 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية: Mubarak, Devonian, Jeirud, Conodont, Carboniferous,

ملخص المقالة :

Devonian-Carboniferous boundary is not clear in the Eastern Alborz Mountains. In the current study Tuyeh-Darvar section with about 170 m, thickness is selected. In this investigation, the primary goal is revision of Devonian/Carboniferous Boundary (known as DCB) and the other goal is the redefinition of the DCB as a famous necessity (based on ICS program in 2008 for defining the boundary and to find a new GSSP). According to Conodont data from acid-leaching 53 carbonate samples(by acid acetic) that obtained from Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous deposits in this section, and based on standard conodont Zonation 6 Zone are recognized;1. Bi.ultimus/or Si.praesulcata Zone, 2. Pr.kockeli /or Si.sulcata Zone, 3. Si.duplicata to Si.sandbergi bio interval, 4. Si.crenulata Zone, 5.Gnathodus-P.inornatus Zone, and 6.Ps.multistriatus Zone. Considering to the Conodont Zones above mentioned, Conodont faunas and other evidences, in the Tuyeh-Darvare section the DCB, is located within cream to grey silt stone beds, which are lies between K6 limestone and K8 dark carbonate beds (about 7.10 m above the base of recent studied section).

المصادر:


  1. Ahmadzadeh HM (1971) Stratigraphische und paläontologische Untersuchungen im Unterkarbon des zentralen Elburs (Iran). Clausthaler Geologische Abhandlungen, 7: 1-114.
    2.
  2. Ahmadzadeh HM (1983) Brachiopods and Conodonts of south of Bujnord and their strati graphical results. Faculty of Science, Tehran University, 45: 12-24, (in Persion).
    3.
  3. Ashouri AR (1990) Devonian and carboniferous conodont faunas from Iran. Unpublished PhD Thesis, university of Hull, 351 p.
    4.
  4. Ashouri AR (1997) Revision in strati graphical position of the “Cephalopod Beds” and Devonian- Carboniferous boundary and introducing 5 conodont zones in Howz-e-Dorah (East Iran). Geosciences, Geological Survey of Iran, 6: 10-17, (in Persion).
    5.
  5. Ashouri AR (2001) Middle Devonian-Early Carboniferous conodont faunas from the Khoshyeilagh Formation, Alborz Mountains, north Iran. In Jansen U., Königshof P., Plodowski G. and Schindler E. (Eds), 15th International Senckenberg Conference, Joint Meeting IGCP 421/SDS, May 2001. Abstracts: 6.
    6.
  6. Ashouri AR (2002) Palmatolepis (conodonta; Late Devonian) from the Tabas region, east Iran. International Journal of Science, Iran 3 (2): 187-220.
    7.
  7. Ashouri AR (2004) Late Devonian and Middle-Late Devonian conodonts from eastern and northern Iran. Rivista Española de Micropaleontology, 3: 355-365.
    8.
  8. Ashouri AR (2006) Middle Devonian-Early Carboniferous conodont faunas from the Khoshyeilagh Formation, Alborz Mountains, north Iran. Journal of Sciences, 17: 53-65.
    9.
  9. Ashouri AR, (1995) Conodonts and Cephalopod Bed and Devonian/Carboniferous boundary in Howz-e-Dorah. 14th Symposium of Geosciences. Tehran: 68-71, (in Persion).
    10.
  10. Asserto R (1963) The Paleozoic Formation in central Elburz (Iran), (Preliminary not). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 69 (4): 503-543.
    11.
  11. Bahrami A, Corradini C, Over J, Yazdi M (2011b) Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Upper Frasnian-Lower Famennian transitional deposits in the Shootori Range, Tabas area, Central-East Iran Microplate. Bulltina of Geosciences 88 (2), 369-388.
    12.
  12. Bahrami A, Corradini C, Yazdi M (2011a) Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous Conodonts from Tabas area. Bollettino della Societal Paleontological Italian, 50 (1), 35-53.
    13.
  13. Bahrami A, Gholamalian H, Corradini C, Yazdi M (2011c) Upper Devonian Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Shams Abad Section, Kerman Province, Iran. Rivista Italian di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 117 (2): 199-209.
    14.
  14. Bardasheva NP, Bardasheva IA, Weddige K, Ziegler W (2004), Stratigraphy and conodont of the Lower Carboniferous of the Shish cat section(South Tien-shan,Tajikestan) Sankenbergiana Lethaea. 84: 225-301.
    15.
  15. Barskov IS, Vorontsova TN, Kononova LI, Kuzmin AV (1991) Index conodonts of the   Devonian and Early Carboniferous. Moskow: Moskow University, 183 p.
    16.
  16. Becker RT (1993) Devonian Goniatite biostratigraphy and timing of facies movements in the Frasnian of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 70, 293-321.
    17.
  17. Becker RT, Ashouri AR, Yazdi M (2004) The Upper Devonian Annulata event in the Shootori range (eastern Iran). Neues Jahrbuchfür Geologie und Paleontologie,

  18. Becker RT, Kaiser, SI, Aretz M (2016) Review of chrono-, litho- and biostratigraphy across the global Hengenberg Crisis and Devonian–Carboniferous Boundary, 355–386. In Becker, R.T., Köni gshof, P. and Brett , C.E. (eds) Devonian Climate, See Level and Evolutionary Events, Geological Society London, Special Publication 423.
    19.
  19. Bischoff G (1957) Die conodonten-stratigraphie des rheno-herzynischen unterkarbons mit berucksichtigung der Wocklumeria-Stufe und der Devon/Karbon-grenze. Abhandlungen des Hessischen Landesamtes fur Bodenforschung 19: 1-64.
    20.
  20. Boncheva I, Bahrami A, Yazdi M, Toraby H (2007) Carboniferous Conodont biostratigraphy and Late Paleozoic Platform Evolution in South Central Iran (Asadabad Section in Ramsheh area - SE Isfahan). Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia,, 113 (3): 329-356.
    21.
  21. Bozorgnia F (1973) Paleozoic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of central and east Alborz Mountains, Iran. National Iranian Oil Company, Publication, 4. 185 p.
    22.
  22. Branson EB, Mehl MG (1934) Conodonts from the Bushberg sandstone and equivalent formations of Missouri. University of Missouri Studies 8(1-4):1-350.
    23.
  23. Brenckle PL (1991) Lower Carboniferous boundaries Working Group: Organization, results and Future direction. Courier Forschungstitut Senckenberg, 130: 5-10.
    24.
  24. Breziski DK, Cecil CB, Skema VW, Stamm R (2010) Late Devonian glacial deposits from the eastern United States signal an end of the mid-Paleozoic warm period. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 268 (3-4): 143-151.
    25.
  25. Brice D, Jenny J, Stampfli G, Bigey F (1978) Le Dévonien de l'Elbourz oriental: stratigraphic, paléontologie (Brachiopodes et Bryozoaires), paléogéographie. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 84 (I), 1-56.
    26.
  26. Brice D, Lafuste J, de Lapprent AF, Pillet J, Yasini L (1973) Etude de deux gisements paléozoiques (Silurien et Dévonien) de l'Elbourz oriental (Iran). Annales de la Société géologique du Nord, 93, 177-218.
    27.
  27. Casier JG, Lethhiers F, Preat A (2002) Ostracods and sedimentology of the Devonian - Carboniferous stratotype section (La Serre, Montagne Noire, France). Bulletin de l’Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Science de la Terre 72: 43-68.
    28.
  28. Clark Dl (1958) Anisoceras and Ancyloceras from the Texas Cretaceous, Journal of Paleontology 32(6): 1076-1081.
    29.
  29. Conant LC, Swanson VE (1961) Chattanooga shale and related rocks of central logging and nearby areas. US. Geo. Survey Prof. Paper 357,91p.
    30.
  30. Cooper CL (1939) Conodonts from a Bushberg-Hannibal Horizon in Oklahoma. Journal of Paleontology 13( 4): 379-422.
    31.
  31. Corradini C (2003) Famennian (Late Devonian) conodonts from the Corona Mizziu sections (SE Sardinia, Italy). Palaeontographia Italica, 89: 63-114.
    32.
  32. Corradini C, (2008) Revision of Famennian-Tournaisian (Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous) conodont biostratigraphy of Sardinia, Italy. Revue de Micropaleontologie, 51: 123-132.
    33.
  33. Corradini C, Kaiser SI, Perri MC, Spalletta C (2011) Protognathodus (Conodonta) and its potential as a tool for defining the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 116 (1): 15-28.
    34.
  34. Corradini C, Spalletta C, Mossoni A, Matyja H, Over DJ (2017) Conodonts across the Devonian / Carboniferous boundary: a review and implication for the redefinition of the boundary and a proposal for an updated conodont zonation. Geological Magazine, 154 (4): 888-902.
    35.
  35. Decombeix AL, Meyer-Berthaud B, Galtier J (2011b) Transitional changes in arborescent lignophytes at the D/C boundary. J. Geol. Soc. London, 168: 547-557.
    36.
  36. Decombeix AL, Meyer-Berthaud B, Galtier J, Talent J, Mawson R (2011a) Arborescent lignophytes in the Tournaisian vegetation of Queensland (Australia): paleoecological and paleogeographical significance. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol. 301: 39-55.
    37.
  37. Druce EC (1969) Devonian and Carboniferous conodonts from the Bonapart Gulf Basin, northern Australia; Australian Bur. Bull 98: 242.
    38.
  38. Druce EC, Wilson AT (1967) Conodonts from the Queensland Paleozoic recessed in a mobile acid laboratory. Qld Govt Min. J., 68.187-90.
    39.
  39. Flajs G, Feist R (1988) Index conodont, trilobites and environment of Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary beds at La Serre (Montaigne Noire, France). In Flajs G., Feist R, Ziegler W, (Eds), Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary - results of recent studies. Courier Forschungs institut Senckenberg, 100: 50-107.
    40.
  40. Ghavidel-Syooki M, Moussavi MJ (1996) Palynostratigraphy and paleogeography study of Padeha, Bahram, Shishtu (1 and 2) and Sardar Formations in the Howz-e-Dorah (east of Tabas). First Geological Congress of Iranian Universities, Kerman: 45-46, (in Persion).
    41.
  41. Gholamalian H, Ghorbani M, Sajadi SH (2009) Famennian conodonts from Kal-e-Sardar section, eastern Tabas, central Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 115: 141-158.
    42.
  42. Habibi T, Corradini C, Yazdi M (2008) Famennian-Tournaisian conodont biostratigraphy of the Shahmirzad section, central Alborz, Iran. Geobios, 41: 763-777.
    43.
  43. Hamdi B, Janvier P (1981) some conodonts and fish remains from Lower Devonian (lower part of the Khoshyeilagh Formation) north east Shroud, Iran. Geological Survey of Iran, Report, 49, 195-210.
    44.
  44. Hartenfels S, Becker RT (2012) Conodont age and correlation of the transgressive Gonioclymenia  and  Kalloclymenia Limestones (Famennian, Anti-Atlas, SE Morocco).  Rasearchnet.
    45.
  45. Hass WH (1959) Conodonts from the Chappel limestone of Texas (No. 294-J).
    46.
  46. Higgins J (1999) Túnel: a case study of avian zooarchaeology and taphonomy. Journal of Archaeological Science 26(12): 1449-1457.
    47.
  47. Higgins AC, Austin R (1985) A stratigraphical index of conodonts. British Micro paleontological Society. London.
    48.
  48. Hosseyninezhad SM (2008) Biostratigraphy of the Late Devonian (Famennian) deposits in the East Alborz, based on Goniatite, Brachiopods, and Conodonts. PhD thesis, University of Isfahan (in Persion).
    49.
  49. Huddle JW (1934) Conodonts from the New Albany Shale of Indiana. Bulletins of American Paleontology 21(72): 137.
    50.
  50. Huddle JW (1972) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology PT. W, Suppl. 2, Raymond Cecil Moore, Richard A Robinson, J.D ,Geological Society of America M05 1: 230.
    51.
  51. Jenny JG (1977a) Géologie et stratigraphie de l’Elbourz oriental entre Aliabad et Shroud, Iran. These présentée ∫ la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Geneve, 1-238.
    52.
  52. Jenny JG (1977b) Précambrien et Paléozoique inférieur de l’Elbourz oriental entre Aliabad et Shroud, Iran du nordest. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 70, 761-770.
    53.
  53. Ji Q (1985) Study on the phylogeny, taxonomy, zonation and biofacies of Siphonodella (Conodonta). Bulletin of the Institute of Geology 11, 51–75.
    54.
  54. Ji Q (1987) New results from Devonian-Carboniferous boundary beds in South China. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 17 (3): 155-167.
    55.
  55. Ji Q, Zeigler W (1993) The Lali secrion: An excellent reference secrion for Upper Devonian in sourh China: Courier Forschungs institut Senckenberg, 157: 183.
    56.
  56. Ji Q, Ziegler W (1992) Phylogeny, speciation and Zonation of Siphonodella of shallow water facies (Conodonta, Early Carboniferous). In: Ziegler W. (Ed.) Papers on Paleozoic Conodonts from Eurasia and North Africa. Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg, 154: 149-177.
    57.
  57. Kaiser SI (2009) The Devonian/Carboniferous stratotype section La Serre (Montagne Noire) revisited. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 43 (2): 195-205.
    58.
  58. Kaiser SI, Corradini C (2011) The early Siphonodellids (Conodonta, Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous): overview and taxonomic state. Neues Jahrbuchfür Geologie und Paläontologic Abhandlungen, 261:19-35.
    59.
  59. Kebriaiezadeh M, Gholamallian H (2004) A study of Geirud Formation brachiopoda in the northeast of Damghan (Deh-Molla section). 22th Symposium of the Geological Survey of Iran, Abstract volume, 2 p. Tehran, (in Persion).
    60.
  60. Khosrow-Tehrani K (1985) Stratigraphy of Precambrian and Paleozoic. Tehran University Publications. 651 p, (in Persion).
    61.
  61. Klapper G, Lane HR. (1985) Upper Devonian (Frasnian) conodonts of the Polygnathus biofacies, NWT, Canada. Journal of Paleontology: 904-951.
    62.
  62. Kononova LI, Weyer D (2013) Upper Famennian conodonts from the Breternitz Member (Upper Clymeniid Beds) of the Saalfeld region, Thuringia (Germany). Freiberger Forschungshefte C 545:15-97.
    63.
  63. Lane HR, Sandberg CA, Ziegler W (1980) Taxonomy and phylogeny of some Lower Carboniferous conodonts and preliminary standard post-Siphonodella zonation. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 14: 117-164.
    64.
  64. Lasemi Y (2001) Facies analysis, depositional environments and sequence stratigraphy of the upper Pre-Cambrian and Paleozoic rocks of Iran. 1-181.Tehran (Geological Survey of Iran), (in Persion).
    65.
  65. Mehl MG, Thomas LA (1974) Conodont Zonation of the Lower Carboniferous of the Spain and Portugal .Life Sciences Contributions, Royal Ontario Museum: 53p.
    66.
  66. Mohammadi M (2009) Biostratigraphy of Late Devonian-EarlyTournaisian Deposits (Jeyrud Formation), central Alborz. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Isfahan. 165 pp, (in Persion).
    67.
  67. Najjarzadeh MT (1998) Biostratigraphy of the Devonian strata on based of Conodonts elements in Zoo section (Eastern Alborz), Iran. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Ferdowsi, Iran, (in Persion).
    68.
  68.  Paproth E, Feist R, Flajs G (1991) Decision on the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary stratotype. Episodes, 14 (4): 331-336.
    69.
  69. Perret MF (1988) Le passage du Dévonien au Carbonifèredans les Pyrénées. Zonation par conodontes.In: Flajs G. Feist R. and Ziegler W. (Eds), Devonian-Carboniferous boundary - Results of recent studies. Courier Forschungs-Institut Senckenberg, 100: 39-52.
    70.
  70. Perri MC, Spalletta C (1998) Conodont distribution at the Tournaisian/Visean Boundary in the Carnic Alps (Southern Alps, Italy). Acta Paleontologia Polonica, 58: 225-245.
    71.
  71. Perri MC, Spalletta C (2001) Hangenberg Event al limite Devoniano/Carboniferous al Monte Zermula, Alpi Carniche, Italia. Giornale di Geologia, ser. 62, 31-40.
    72.
  72. Poty E, Devuyst FX, Hance L (2006) Upper Devonian and Mississippian foraminiferal and rugose coral zonations of Belgium and northern France: a tool for Eurasian correlations. Geological Magazine 143(6):829-857.
    73.
  73. Racki G (2005) toward understanding Late Devonian global events: few answers, many questions. In: Over, D.J., Morrow, J.R., and Wignall, P.B. (eds.), Understanding Late Devonian and Permian-Triassic Biotic and Climatic Events: Toward an Integrated Approach, Developments in Paleontology and Stratigraphy. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 20: 5-36.
    74.
  74. Remane J (2003) Chronostratigraphic correlations: their importance for the definition of geochronologic units. Université de Neuchâtel, Institut de Géologie, 11 rue Emile-Argand, CH 2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
    75.
  75. Rexroad CB, Furnish WM (1964) Conodonts from the Pella Formation (Misssissipian), south-central Iowa. Journal of Paleontology 38: 667-676.
    76.
  76. Rhodes FHT, Austin RL, Druce EC (1969) British Avonian (Carboniferous) conodont faunas and their value in local and intercontinental correlation. Bulletin British Museum of Natural History (Geology), Supplement 5: 1–313.
    77.
  77. Roundy PV, Girty GH, Goldman MI (1926) Mississipian Formations of San Saba County, Texas. Department of Interior. Washington Government printing office: 9-18.
    78.
  78. Sandberg CA, Streel M, Scott RA. (1972) Comparison between conodont zonation and spore    assemblages in the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in the western and central United State and in Europe. 7e Congres International de Stratigraphie et de Geologie du Carbonifere, Krefeld, 23-28 August 1971, Compte Rendu 1: 179-203.
    79.
  79. Sandberg CA, Ziegler W, Leuteritz K, Brill SM (1978) Phylogeny, speciation, and zonation of Siphonodella (Conodonta, Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous). Newsletter on Stratigraphy, 7: 102-120.
    80.
  80. Scotese CR (2001) Atlas of Earth-History. Paleogeography, Vol 1. Paleomap Project, Arlington, Texas, 52 pp.
    81.
  81. Shoushtarizadeh P (2005) Biostratigraphy of Late Devonian deposits in Eastern Alborz (Tuyeh-Darvar of Damghan).  Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Isfahan Iran, (in Persion).
    82.
  82. Somerville ID (2008) Biostratigraphic zonation and correlationof Mississippian rocks in Western Europe. Some case studiesin the late Viséan/Serpukhovian. Geological Journal 43, 209–240.
    83.
  83. Spalletta C, Perri MC, Over, DJ, Corradini C (2017) Famennian (Upper Devonian) conodont zonation: revised global standard. Bulletin of Geosciences 92(1), 31–57
    84.
  84. Stampfly GM (1978) Étude géologique générale de l’Elburz oriental au S de Gonbad-e-Qabus Iran N-E. These présentée ∫ la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Geneve, 1-329.
    85.
  85. Stocklin J (1959) Ein Querschnitt durch den Ost-Elburz. Ecklogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 52, 681-694.
    86.
  86. Stocklin J (1968) Structural history and tectonics of Iran: A review. The American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 52.
    87.
  87. Stocklin J, Eftekhar-Nezhad J, Hushmand-Zadeh A (1965) Geology of the Shootori range (Tabas area, east Iran). Geological Survey of Iran, Reports, 3: 1-69.
    88.
  88. Strayer DL, Power ME, Fagan WF, Pickett STA, Belnap J (2003) A classification of ecological boundaries. Bio Science, 53, 723-729.
    89.
  89. Sweet WC (1988) The Conodonta: Morphology, Taxonomy, Paleoecology, and Evolutionary History of a Long-Extinct Animal Phylum. Clarendon Press, Oxford: 212 p.
    90.
  90. Voges A (1959) Conodonten aus dem Untercarbon I und II (Gattendorfia-und Pericyclus-Stufe) des Sauerlandes. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 33(4): 266-314.
    91.
  91. Wang CY, Yin B (1984) Conodontzonations of early Lower Carboniferous and Devonian-Carboniferous boundary in pelagicfacies, South China. Acta Paleontological Sinica, 23 (2): 224-238.
    92.
  92. Weddige K (1984) Zur Stratigraphie und Paläogeographie des Devons und Karbons von NE-Iran. Senckenberg iana lethaea, 65: 179-223.
    93.
  93. Wendt J, Kaufmann B, Belka Z, Farsan N, Karimi Bavandpur A (2002) Devonian/Lower Carboniferous stratigraphy, facies patterns and paleogeography of Iran. Part I. Southeastern Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica, 52: 129-168.
    94.
  94. Wendt J, Kaufmann B, Belka Z, Farsan N, Karimi-Bavandpur A (2005) Devonian/Lower Carboniferous stratigraphy, facies patterns and paleogeography of Iran. Part II. Northern and Central Iran. Acta Geologica Polonica, 55: 31-97.
    95.
  95. Yazdi M (1999) Late Devonian-Carboniferous conodonts from Eastern Iran. Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, 105: 167-200.
    96.
  96. Yazdi M, Turner S (2000) Late Devonian and Carboniferous vertebrates from the Shishtu and Sardar Formations of the Shootori range, Iran. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement, 58: 223-240.
    97.
  97. Zhuravlev AV (1991) A new Polygnathus species (Conodonta) from the Lower Carboniferous of the North Urals. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 1: 129–130, (in Russian).
    98.
  98. Ziegler W, Sandberg CA (1984). Palmatolepis-based revision of upper part of standard Late Devonian conodont zonation. Geological Society of America, Special Papers, 196: 179-194.
    99.
  99. Ziegler W, Sandberg CA (1990). The Late Devonian Standard Conodont Zonation. Courier Forschungs Institut Senckenberg, 121: 1-115.
    100.
  100. Ziegler W, Sandberg CA (1996) Reflexions on Frasnian and Famennian Stage boundary decisions as a guide to future deliberations. Newsletters on Stratigraphy, 33: 157-180.
    101.

سند

Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications

الروابط

المراكز ذات الصلة

دعامة

الصفحات الرسمية

حقوق هذا الموقع الإلكتروني مملوكة لنظام SANAD Press Management. © 1442-1446

الصفحة الرئيسية| دخول| معلومات عنا| اتصل بنا|
[English] [فارسی] [en] [fa]