Effect of aerobic training intensity on irisin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
الموضوعات : Journal of Physical Activity and Hormones
Sahar Heidari
1
(MS student in exercise physiology, Marvdasht branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran)
Mehrzad Moghadasi
2
(Associate professor in exercise physiology, Department of exercise physiology, Shiraz branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: Diabetes mellitus, Exercise intensity, Irisin, Myokine,
ملخص المقالة :
Aim: Irisin is a recently identified exercise-induced hormone that increases energy expenditure. The effect of chronic aerobic training intensity on irisin concentration is not well known. Thus, we examine the effect of aerobic training intensity on irisin in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic Wistar rats. Material & Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 in each group): control group (CON), diabetes group (D), diabetes and moderate-intensity exercise group (D + ME; running speed was set at 10-17 m.min-1), and diabetes and high-intensity exercise group (D + HE; running speed was set at 17-28 m.min-1). The rats in the exercise groups were made to run on the treadmill for 30 min per one day, 3 times a week, during 8 weeks. Results: The results indicated that serum irisin concentration was higher in the D + HE group than CON, D and D + ME groups (P<0.05) and no significant differences were observed between CON group and D + ME group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that that exercise intensity has an effect on exercise-induced irisin responses.
1. Pedersen BK. Muscle as a secretory organ. Compr Physiol 2013; 3: 1337-1362.
2. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012; 481: 463-468.
3. Yang X, Enerback S, Smith U. Reduced expression of FOXC2 and brown adipogenic genes in human subjects with insulin resistance. Obes Res 2003; 11: 1182-1191.
4. Xin C, Liu J, Zhang J. Irisin improves fatty acid oxidation and glucose utilization in type 2 diabetes by regulating the AMPK signaling pathway. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40: 443-451.
5. Fukushima Y, Kurose S, Shinno H, Cao Thi Thu H, Tamanoi A, Tsutsumi H. Relationships between serum irisin levels and metabolic parameters in Japanese patients with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2016; 2: 203-209.
6. Liu JJ, Wong MD, Toy WC, Tan CS, Liu S, Ng XW, et al. Lower circulating irisin is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Complications 2013; 217: 365-369.
7. Huh JH, Ahn SV, Choi JH, Koh SB, Chung CH. High serum irisin level as an independent predictor of diabetes mellitus: A longitudinal population-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95: e3742-e3747.
8. Huh JY, Mougios V, Skraparlis A, Kabasakalis A, Mantzoros CS. Irisin in response to acute and chronic whole-body vibration exercise in humans. Metabolism 2014; 63: 918-921.
9. Kim HJ, So B, Choi M, Kang D, Song W. Resistance exercise training increases the expression of irisin concomitant with improvement of muscle function in aging mice and humans. Exp Gerontol 2015; 70: 11-17.
10. Lu Y, Li H, Shen SW, Shen ZH, Xu M, Yang CJ, et al. Swimming exercise increases serum irisin level and reduces body fat mass in high-fat-diet fed Wistar rats. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15: 93-101.
11. Kurdiova T, Balaz M, Vician M, Maderova D, Vlcek M, Valkovic L, et al. Effects of obesity, diabetes and exercise on Fndc5 gene expression and irisin release in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Physiol 2014; 592: 1091-1107.
12. Seo DY, Kwak HB, Lee SR, Cho YS, Song IS, Kim N, et al. Effects of aged garlic extract and endurance exercise on skeletal muscle FNDC-5 and circulating irisin in high-fat-diet rat models. Nutr Res Pract 2014; 8: 177-182.
13. Norheim F, Langleite TM, Hjorth M, Holen T, Kielland A, Stadheim HK, et al. The effects of acute and chronic exercise on PGC-1α, irisin and browning of subcutaneous adipose tissue in humans. FEBS J 2014; 281: 739-749.
14. Egan B, Carson BP, Garcia-Roves PM, Chibalin AV, Sarsfield FM, Barron N, et al. Exercise intensity dependent regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 mRNA abundance is associated with differential activation of upstream signalling kinases in human skeletal muscle. J Physiol 2010; 588: 1779-1790.
15. Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Goto K, Kiuchi M, Yamakita M, Koyama K. High-intensity exercise causes greater irisin response compared with low-intensity exercise under similar energy consumption. Tohoku J Exp Med 2014; 233: 135-140.
16. Wang L, Duan G, Lu Y, Pang S, Huang X, Jiang Q, et al. The effect of simvastatin on glucose homeostasis in streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Res 2013; 2013: 274986-274991.
17. Kim DY, Jung SY, Kim K, Kim CJ. Treadmill exercise ameliorates Alzheimer disease-associated memory loss through the Wnt signaling pathway in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Exerc Rehabil 2016; 12: 276-283.
18. Bonora E, Targher G, Alberiche M, Bonadonna RC, Saggiani F, Zenere MB, et al. Homeostasis model assessment closely mirrors the glucose clamp technique in the assessment of insulin sensitivity: studies in subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 2000; 23: 57-63.
19. Dohm GL. Regulation of skeletal muscle GLUT-4 expression by exercise. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 782-787.
20. Henriksen EJ. Effects of acute exercise and exercise training on insulin resistance. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 788-796.
21. Zierath JR. Exercise training-induced changes in insulin signaling in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol 2002; 93: 773-781.
22. Polyzos SA, Kountouras J, Shields K, Mantzoros CS. Irisin: a renaissance in metabolism? Metabolism 2013; 62: 1037-1044.
23. Hojlund K, Bostrom P. Irisin in obesity and type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2013; 27: 303-304.
24. Sanchez-Delgado G, Martinez-Tellez B, Olza J, Aguilera CM, Gil A, Ruiz JR. Role of exercise in the activation of brown adipose tissue. Ann Nutr Metab 2015; 67: 21-32.
25. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism 2012; 61: 1725-1738.
26. Lin J, Handschin C, Spiegelman BM. Metabolic control through the PGC-1 family of transcription coactivators. Cell Metab 2005; 1: 361-370.
27. Liu J, Hu Y, Zhang H, Xu Y, Wang G. Exenatide treatment increases serum irisin levels in patients with obesity and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 2016; 30: 1555-1559.
28. Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, Seo HA, Jeong JY, Lee WK, et al. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 100: 96-101.
29. Mahajan RD, Patra SK. Irisin, a novel myokine responsible for exercise induced browning of white adipose tissue. Indian J Clin Biochem 2013; 28: 102-103.
30. Seale P, Conroe HM, Estall J, Kajimura S, Frontini A, Ishibashi J, et al. Prdm16 determines the thermogenic program of subcutaneous white adipose tissue in mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121: 96-105.
