بررسی آب قابل بارش جو در شرایط گردوغبار با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره ای (مطالعه موردی: جنوب غربی ایران)
الموضوعات :
طاهره انصافی مقدم
1
,
طاهر صفرراد
2
1 - مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار اقلیم شناسی،گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکدة علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آئروسل, آب قابل بارش, سنجش از دور, سنجنده مادیس(MODIS), مد 06(MOD06),
ملخص المقالة :
در حالی که تاثیر گازهای گلخانه ای نیروگاه ها، خودروها و سایر ذرات معلق انسان ساخت بر کیفیت هوا و بهداشت عمومی به خوبی شناخته شده، تاثیر آنها بر آب و هوا به طور کامل شناخته نشده است. دانشمندان نشان داده اند که ذرات معلق در هوا می تواند چه به طور مستقیم، از طریق بازتابش انرژی خورشیدی به آسمان، چه به طور غیر مستقیم، با افزایش بازتاب ابرها، درجه حرارت سطح زمین را کاهش دهد. ذرات معلق گردوغبار به ویژه در مناطق شهری و صنعتی، به عنوان عامل کاهنده بارندگی و نزولات آسمانی عمل می کند. ریزگردهای بزرگ (بزرگتر از1 میکرون) می توانند بارندگی را افزایش دهند. اما ذرات بسیار ریز گردوغبار در سطوح فوقانی جو می تواند به سرکوب بارش های فراوان بیانجامد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی ارتباط ظرفیت آب قابل بارش جوی با وقایع گردوغبار در جنوب غربی ایران طی دوره (1986 - 2016) انجام شده است. این مقاله، با استفاده از داده های طبقه بندی شده محصول مد 06(MOD06) سنجنده مادیس(MODIS) تاثیر گردوغبار بر بارش را مورد بررسی قرار داد. نتایج این تحقیق با بررسی داده های سنجش از دور از جمله مقادیر آب قابل بارش و رخداد گردوغبار جو در برخی موارد انتخابی، نشان داد در مقطعی از زمان که گردوغبار به مقدار بالایی می رسد، میزان آب قابل بارش که نشانگر پتانسیل و توانایی رخداد بارش است، به طور قابل توجهی کاهش می یابد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد یکی از اثرات رخدادهای گردوغبار در جنوب غربی ایران، نقصان بارش بوده و گردوغبار می تواند به طور قابل توجهی به عنوان عامل کاهنده یا سرکوب کننده میزان بارندگی در منطقه عمل کند. کارایی بالای محصول مد 06(MOD06) در اثبات اثر کاهش دهندگی گردوغبار بر آب قابل بارش جو در منطقه جنوب غربی ایران، در این تحقیق اثبات گردیده است.
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