A Thorough Analysis of Wire Bow-Tie Antenna
الموضوعات : Majlesi Journal of Telecommunication DevicesParisa Fallah 1 , Bijan Zakeri 2 , Amirashkan Darvish 3
1 - Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
2 - Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
3 - Babol Noshirvani University of Technology
الکلمات المفتاحية: Wire structures, en, input impedance, UWB pulse radiation, GPR antenna, Ground penetrating radars, Radiation pattern, Bowtie antenna, GPR pulses,
ملخص المقالة :
Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is one of the most important instruments in some cases such as remote sensing, non-destructive evaluation and microwave imaging. The radiation component (antenna) in these radars is very important. Features and constraints such as high impedance bandwidth, stable radiation patterns, minimum distortion of the antenna end reflections and consequently sending high-precision pulses makes many challenges in construction and design of the antenna. In addition, the antenna size, which is expected to cover both low frequencies and portability, adds to the difficulty of designing this antenna. In this paper, four possible modes of wire bowtie antenna, which is known as one of the most common antenna in impulse GPR applications are introduced and investigated. To this regard, late-time-ringing effect of the transmitted UWB waveform, pattern characteristics and impedance bandwidth of the proposed structures have been analyzed and compared. The results show that the other modes can be replaced to the original one in most cases.
[1] D. J. Daniels, Ground penetrating radar. Wiley Online Library, 2005.
[2] L. Peters, J. J. Daniels, and J. D. Young, "Ground penetrating radar as a subsurface environmental sensing tool," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 82, no. 12, pp. 1802-1822, 1994.
[3] C. M. J. Van Coevorden, A. R. Bretones, M. F. Pantoja, F. J. Ruiz, S. G. Garcia, and R. G. Martin, "GA design of a thin-wire bow-tie antenna for GPR applications," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1004-1010, 2006.
[4] G. H. Brown and O. Woodward, "Experimentally determined radiation characteristics of conical and triangular antennas," RCA review, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 425-452, 1952.
[5] R. Carrel, "The characteristic impedance of two infinite cones of arbitrary cross section," IRE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 197-201, 1958.
[6] A. Lambert, S. Booker, and P. Smith, "Calculation of the characteristic impedance of TEM horn antennas using the conformal mapping approach," IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 47-53, 1995.
[7] R. T. Lee and G. S. Smith, "On the characteristic impedance of the TEM horn antenna," IEEE Transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 315-318, 2004.
[8] K. L. Shlager, G. S. Smith, and J. G. Maloney, "Optimization of bow-tie antennas for pulse radiation," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 975-982, 1994.
[9] C. J. Leat, N. V. Shuley, and G. F. Stickley, "Complex image model for ground-penetrating radar antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1483-1488, 1998.
[10] Y. Nishioka, O. Maeshima, T. Uno, and S. Adachi, "FDTD analysis of resistor-loaded bow-tie antennas covered with ferrite-coated conducting cavity for subsurface radar," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 970-977, 1999.
[11] A. A. Lestari, "Antennas for improved ground penetrating radar: modeling tools, analysis and design," 2003.
[12] A. A. Lestari, A. G. Yarovoy, and L. P. Ligthart, "Numerical and experimental analysis of circular-end wire bow-tie antennas over a lossy ground," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and propagation, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 26-35, 2004.
[13] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, illustrated ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2016, p. 1096
[14] A. A. Lestari, A. G. Yarovoy, and L. P. Ligthart, "Adaptive wire bow-tie antenna for GPR applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1745-1754, 2005.
[15] F. I. Rial, H. Lorenzo, M. Pereira, and J. Armesto, "Waveform analysis of UWB GPR antennas," Sensors, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1454-1470, 2009.
[16] A. A. Lestari, E. Bharata, A. B. Suksmono, A. Kurniawan, A. G. Yarovoy, and L. P. Ligthart, "A modified bow-tie antenna for improved pulse radiation," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 2184-2192, 2010.
