مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر روان¬شناسی مثبت و درمان شناختی رفتاری بر اعتیاد به اینترنت و سازگاری اجتماعی دانش¬آموزان پسر متوسطه دوم
الموضوعات :
علی پورروستا
1
,
کیومرث بشلیده
2
,
نجمه حمید
3
,
اسماعیل هاشمی
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی، گروه روا¬ن¬شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 - استاد گروه روان¬شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه روان¬شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
4 - استاد گروه روان¬شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان¬شناسی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: اعتیاد به اینترنت, درمان مبتنی بر روانشناسی مثبت, درمان شناختی- رفتاری, دانش¬آموزان پسر متوسطه دوم, سازگاری اجتماعی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف از این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر روانشناسی مثبت و درمان شناختی-رفتاری بر اعتیاد به اینترنت و سازگاری اجتماعی دانشآموزان پسر شهر یاسوج بود. روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیشآزمون-پسآزمون با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی دانشآموزان پسر متوسطه دوم دبیرستانهای شهر یاسوج در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 بود (در مجموع، 6864 دانشآموز). 45 نفر از بین آن‌های که علاوه بر معیارهای ورود، نمرات آن‌ها در پرسشنامه اعتیاد به اینترنت (Young, 1998) بالاتر و در پرسشنامه سازگاری اجتماعی (Bell,1961) پایینتر بود، به شیوه تصادفی در سه گروه 15 نفری تخصیص یافتند. گروههای آزمایشی درمان شناختی-رفتاری و درمان مبتنی بر روانشناسی مثبت را در 10 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای، دریافت نمودند، در حالی که گروه گواه هیچ گونه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. دادهها با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که هر دو درمان مبتنی بر روانشناسی مثبت و درمان شناختی-رفتاری بر کاهش اعتیاد به اینترنت (اندازه اثر= 52/0) و افزایش سازگاری اجتماعی (اندازه اثر= 39/0) اثربخش بوده‌اند (001/0p<). مقایسه دو روش درمانی بیانگر اثربخشی یکسان بر اعتیاد به اینترنت و سازگاری اجتماعی بود.
Abdul Aziz, M, Harun, S, Baharom, M, & Kamaruddin, N. (2020). Preferred Learning Styles for Digital Native and Digital Immigrant Visitors in The Malaysian Music Museum. Asian Journal Of University Education, 16(3), 234-246.
Adli, M, Haidari, H, Zarei, E, & Sadeghifard, M. (2013). Relationship between emotional and social adjustment with marital satisfaction. Journal of Life Science and Biomedicine, 3(2), 118-122.
Alavi S. S. Eslami M. Maracy M. R. Najafi. M. Jannatifard. F. Rezapour. H. (2010). Psychometric properties of Young internet addiction test. Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 4, No. 3, 183-189. (in persian).
Alkan. M, Canbay. C. (2011). Internet domain name management, current problems and recommendations for the solutions.; http://www.tk.gov.tr/kutuphane_ ve_ eribankasi/. raporlar/ arastirma_raporlari/ dosyalar/ WEB_DE_ YAYINLANAN_ RAPOR.pdf.
Amiri, S. Sepehrian azar, F. (2018). Validation of the psychometric properties of the short version of Young's Internet Addiction questionnaire. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi, 7 (1), 65-92. (in persian).
Anvari, J, & Sardary, B. (2019). The Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on Improving Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Male Secondary High School Students with Anxiety Symptoms. Positive Psychology Research, 5(2), 31-46. doi: 10.22108/ppls.114487.1596. (in persian).
Beesdo K., Pine D. S., Lieb R., Wittchen H.-U. (2019). Incidence and risk patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders and categorization of generalized anxiety disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67, 47–57.
Bell, H. M. (1943). The Adjustment Inventory (Student Form). Stanford University, Cal.: Stanford Univ. Press.
Bell, H. M. (1961). The Adjastment Inventory (Adult Form). Consulting Psychological Press. INC. Palo Alto. California.
Beshkoufeh M, GholamzadehJefreh M, M S. (2022). The Effectiveness of “Behavior Management Training” and “Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy” for Mothers on Oppositional Defiant and Social Adjustment of Their Teenage Children. IJPN; 10 (2) :25-36.
Blue, W. T. (2021). Simple Positive Psychology Interventions on Internet Gaming Disorder. Department of Psychology, Brandon University, 82:449.
Brand, M., Laier, C., & Young, K. S. (2014). Internet addiction: coping styles, expectancies, and treatment implications. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 1256.
Cañas, E., & Estévez, E. (2021). Intervention programs for the problematic use of the internet and technological devices: A systematic review. Electronics, 10(23), 2923.
Cheng, C., & Li, A. Y. L. (2014). Internet addiction prevalence and quality of (real) life: A meta-analysis of 31 nations across seven world regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 17(12), 755-760.
Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive–behavioral model of pathological internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 77, 187-195.
Dillon, K. P., & Bushman, B. J. (2015). Unresponsive or un-noticed? Cyberbystander intervention in an experimental cyberbullying context. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 144-150.
Duan, L., Shao, X., Wang, Y., Huang, Y., Miao, J., Yang, X., & Zhu, G. (2020). An investigation of mental health status of children and adolescents in china during the outbreak of COVID-19. Journal of Affective Disorder, 275(3), 112-118.
Elhadi, M., Alsoufi, A., Msherghi, A., Alshareea, E., Ashini, A., Nagib, T.,... & Zaid, A. (2021). Psychological health, sleep quality, behavior, and internet use among people during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 632496.
Ellis, A. (1997). Extending the goals of behavior therapy and of cognitive behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 28(3), 333-339.
Gao, X. J., Sun, J. J., & Xiang, M. (2021). Positive psychological intervention for anxiety, depression and coping in subjects addicted to online games. World Journal of Clinical Cases, 9(14), 3287-3293.
Golestanibakht, T. Babaie, E. Karimi, M. et al. (2022). The Relationship between Self-Compassion and Optimism in Students: The Mediating Role of Social Adjustment. Social Psychology Research.11 Issue: 45, 65-84. (in persian).
Gupta, T., Swami, M. K., & Nebhinani, N. (2020). Risk of digital addiction among children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: Concerns, caution, and way out. Journal of Indian Association for Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 16(3), 199-208.
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 36(5), 427-440.
Internet World Stats (2021). Usage and population statistics. Top 20 countries with the highest number of internet users. The Internet Coaching Library Available at: https://www.internetworldstats.com/ top20.htm
Joseph, B. (2019). Internet addiction in relation to social adjustment among students of higher secondary schools. International Journal of Arts, Humanities and Management Studies, 5(3), 48-59.
Kafinia., F. & Farhadi, H. (2019). Effectiveness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy on communicative skills and internet addiction of second grade high school students. Journal of Analitical-Cognitive Psycholoy, 10(39): 87-98. (in persian).
Kardefelt-Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351-354.
Khanjani, M. (2017). Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on Satisfaction with Life, Optimism and Positive Affects in University Students. Clinical Psychology Studies, 7(27), 137-159. doi: 10.22054/jcps.2017.7911. (in persian).
Khazaei, F., Khazaei, O., & Ghanbari-H, B. (2017). Positive psychology interventions for internet addiction treatment. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 304-311.
Lakani, N., & Akbari, B. (2021). The Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy on Emotional Regulation, Cognitive Flexibility and Mental Happiness of Internet Addicted Students. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences, 64(3). (in persian).
Layous, K., Chancellor, J., Lyubomirsky, S., Wang, L., & Doraiswamy, P. M. (2011). Delivering happiness: Translating positive psychology intervention research for treating major and minor depressive disorders. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(8), 675-683.
Lin, M. P. (2020). Prevalence of Internet addiction during the COVID-19 outbreak and its risk factors among junior high school students in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 47-85.
Masaeli, N., & Farhadi, H. (2021). Prevalence of Internet-based addictive behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 39(4), 468-488. (in persian).
Michaeli Manee, F., Madadi Emamzadeh, Z. (2008). Study of Relationship between Emotional-social Intelligence with Social Adjustment Among Students with Disciplinary Commandment and Their Comparison Students without it In Urumia University. Journal of Modern Psychological Researches, 3(11), 99-121. (in persian).
Mirzakhani, L. Heiidari,A. Hafezi, Ehteshamzadeh, F. Askari, P. (2022). The Effectiveness of Positive Psychology Therapy on Positive Relationships between Family and adolescents, Internet Addiction, and Identity Crisis on high school girls in Falavarjan City. Middle Eastern Journal of Disability Studies.12,1: 26-48. (in persian).
Modara F, Rezaee-Nour J, Sayehmiri N, Maleki F, Aghakhani N, Sayehmiri K, Rezaei-Tavirani M. (2017). Prevalence of Internet Addiction in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Addict Health. 9(4):243-252. (in persian).
Motamedi, F. Beh-Pajooh, A. Shokoohi-Yekta, M. et al, (2021). Effect of training emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of female adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems with single parents. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 22. No. 1, PP: 79-92. (in persian).
Mousavi S V. (2020). Prevalence of Internet Addiction and the Status of the Use of Virtual Social Networks in Iranian Teenagers and Youths in 2018. J Mil Med; 22 (3) :281-288. (in persian).
O’Connell, B. H., O’Shea, D., & Gallagher, S. (2016). Enhancing social relationships through positive psychology activities: A randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(2), 149-162.
Omidre, Fatemeh and Bastaki, Samira. (2022). the effectiveness of positive psychology on the social adjustment of female heads of the household, the fifth international conference of educational psychology: psycho-educational interventions, Tehran. (in persian).
Oreizi, H., Daneshmandi, S., & Abedi, A. (2015). Meta-analysis of Effectiveness of Group Interventions in Social Anxiety Disorder. , 12(46), 141-121. (in persian).
Qesari Goodarzi, S., Ghadampour, E., Ghorbani, M., & Padervand, H. (2020). Effectiveness of group-based positive thinking training on social adjustment and reducing the interpersonal sensitivity of students with mathematical disorder. Empowering Exceptional Children, 11(2), 37-47. (in persian).
Rashid, T. (2015). Positive psychotherapy: A strength-based approach. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(1), 25-40.
Rashid, T., & Seligman, M. E. (2013). Positive psychotherapy: A treatment
manual. New York: Oxford University Press.
Rodrigues, M. F., Campos, C., Pelucio, L., Barreto, I., Machado, S., Appolinario, J. C., & Levitan, M. (2019). Patients’ comprehension of mindfulness-based cognitive behavioral therapy in an outpatient clinic for resistant depression: a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 271.
Salarvand, S. Albatineh, N. Dalvand, S. Baghban Karimi, E. Ghanei Gheshlagh, R. (2022). Prevalence of Internet Addiction Among Iranian University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking. 213-222. (in persian).
Sayyed-Ghaleh F S, Talebi N, Khoshgoftar M, Pirzadeh A.(2022). Prevalence of Internet Addiction and Some Related Factors in Students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2019-2020. HSR; 18 (1) :1-7. (in persian).
Seligman, M. E. P., (2011). Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and wellbeing. New York: Free Press.
Seligman, M. E., & Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014). Positive psychology: An introduction. In Flow and the foundations of positive psychology (pp. 279-298). Springer, Dordrecht.
Seligman, M. E., Rashid, T., & Parks, A. C. (2006). Positive psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 61(8), 774-788.
Seligman, M. E., Steen, T. A., Park, N., & Peterson, C. (2005). Positive Psychology Progress: Empirical Validation of Interventions. American Psychologist, 60(5), 410–421.
Thaghafi, M. (2019). Study of the prevalence of Internet addiction behaviors among teenagers, the 7th National Conference of Modern Studies and Research in the field of Educational Sciences, Psychology and Counseling in Iran, Tehran. (in persian).
Toosang M.A., Pasha S., Safarzadeh S.(2022). Evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on hardiness and adjustment in the students of Dezful University of Medical Sciences,Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on hardiness and adjustment in, Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences; 29(4):461-474.
Tran, B. X., Mai, H. T., Nguyen, L. H., Nguyen, C. T., Latkin, C. A., Zhang, M. W., & Ho, R. C. (2017). Vietnamese validation of the short version of internet addiction test. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 6, 45-50.
Waqas, A., Raza, N., Zahid, T., Rehman, A., Hamid, T., Hanif, A. & Chaudhry, M. A. (2018). Predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder among burn patients in Pakistan: the role of reconstructive surgery in post-burn psychosocial adjustment. Burns, 44(3), 620-625.
Widyanto, L., & McMurran, M. (2004). The psychometric properties of the internet addiction test. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 7(4), 443-450.
Wölfling, K., & Dominick, N. (2022). Using cognitive behavioral therapy as the select treatment approach for problematic internet usage. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 45, 10, 11-21.
Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cybersychol Behav; 1(3): 237-44.
Young, K. S. (1998). Caught in the net: How to recognize the signs of internet addiction — and a winning strategy for recovery. New York: J. Wiley.
Young, K. S. (2007). Cognitive behavior therapy with Internet addicts: Treatment outcomes and implications. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 10(5), 671-679.
Young, K. S. (2011). CBT-IA: The first treatment model for internet addiction. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 25(4), 304-312.
Young, K.S.; Sandman, C.F.; Craske, M.G. (2019). Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression. Brain Sci. 9, 76.
Zare Baghbidi,A(2018).Study of the relationship between perfectionism and happiness and individual and social adjustment in first grade high school students in District One of Yazd in the academic year 2017-2018 Master's thesis in Educational Sciences - Counseling and guidance Islamic AzadUniversity Ardakan Unit. (in persian).
Zare Gol Cheshme, F., and Zare Pashaei, S. (2021). The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy in reducing internet addiction on male students of the expert course of Gonbad Kavus State University. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies and Educational Sciences, 4 (28), 15-26. (in persian).
Zhang, Y. Y., Chen, J. J., Ye, H., & Volantin, L. (2020). Psychological effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on internet addiction in adolescents: A systematic review protocol. Medicine, 99(4), e18456.
