اثربخشی آموزش ذهنآگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق 14-18 سال
الموضوعات :
مریم سپیانی
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران)
ملیحه سادات کاظمی
2
(استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی نجف آباد، اصفهان، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تصویر بدن, سازگاری اجتماعی, تکانشگری, چاقی, ذهنآگاهی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش، تعیین میزان اثربخشی آموزش ذهنآگاهی بر تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی در دختران چاق بود. روش پژوهش، نیمهآزمایشی، پیش آزمون-پس آزمون همراه با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری، دختران نوجوان چاق شهرستان نجف آباد در نیمه اول سال 1397 بود. ابتدا تعداد 30 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه 1 و2 با دامنه سنی 14 تا 18 سال که بر طبق معیار شاخص توده بدنی (BMI) چاق محسوب می‌شدند، بصورت هدفمند انتخاب و سپس بطور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش (هرگروه 15نفر) جایگزین شدند. هر دو گروه سه پرسشنامه روابط چندبعدی بدن (Cash, 1990)، پرسشنامه تکانشگری بارت (Patton,Stanford & Barratt,1995) و پرسشنامه سازگاری اجتماعی کالیفرنیا (Thorpe, Clark & Tiegs, 1939) را قبل از آموزش تکمیل نمودند. سپس گروه آزمایش تحت آموزش ذهنآگاهی (8جلسه‌ی 90 دقیقه‌ای) قرار گرفت و گروه کنترل هیچ مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. بعد از اتمام آموزش، پرسشنامه ها توسط هر دو گروه تکمیل شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSS 21 با تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بین گروه های آزمایش و کنترل در متغیرهای تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت (01/0 P<). همچنین مقایسه میانگین ها در نمرات پس آزمون مولفه گرایش ضد اجتماعی، نشان داد که گروه آزمایش نمرات بالاتری را نسبت به گروه کنترل کسب کرده است و نشان می دهد که گروه آزمایش بعد از آموزش ذهن آگاهی، در مولفه گرایش ضد اجتماعی، سازگاری و عملکرد بهتری داشته است. بنابراین آموزش ذهنآگاهی می‌تواند در بهبود تصویر بدن، تکانشگری و سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان چاق موثر واقع شود.
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