تأثیر سبک‌های والدگری بر اختلال سلوک (CD) با میانجی‌گری همدلی عاطفی و شناختی در دانش‌آموزان دورة متوسطه اول
الموضوعات :
سعیده هدایت
1
(دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی روان شناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
محمد نریمانی
2
(استاد ممتاز گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
سیف اله آقاجانی
3
(دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
سجاد بشرپور
4
(استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: همدلی عاطفی, اختلال سلوک, سبک‌های والدگری, همدلی شناختی, دانش‌آموزان دورة متوسطه اول,
ملخص المقالة :
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر سبک های والدگری بر اختلال سلوک (CD) با میانجی گری همدلی عاطفی و شناختی در دانش آموزان دورة متوسطه اول انجام شد. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی دانش آموزان پسر متوسطه اول شهر کرمانشاه در سال تحصیلی 1399-1398 بود که تعداد 234 نفر از دانش آموزانی که بالاترین نمرات را در پرسشنامه علائم مرضی کودکان (فرم والد) (Gadow & Sprafkin, 2007) کسب کردند و دارای بیشترین نشانه های اختلال سلوک بودند، بر اساس روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چندمرحله ای به عنوان گروه نمونه انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامة والدگری آلاباما (Frick, 1991)، مقیاس بهره همدلی بارون-کوهن (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwrigh, 2004) را تکمیل کردند. برای پاسخگویی به فرضیه ها از مدلیابی معادلات ساختاری بر روی نرم افزار LISREL استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نشان داد که ضرایب مسیرهای مستقیم و غیر مستقیم در مدل پژوهش معنادار هستند (001/0>P). طبق یافته های این پژوهش، سبک های والدگری کارآمد و ناکارآمد و همدلی عاطفی و شناختی بر اختلال سلوک اثر مستقیم و معنادار دارند و سبک های والدگری کارآمد و ناکارآمد نیز اثر مستقیم و معناداری بر همدلی عاطفی و شناختی دارند. همچنین سبک والدگری کارآمد (مؤلفه های والدگری مثبت و مشارکت پدر) و سبک والدگری ناکارآمد (مؤلفه های اقتدار، نظارت ضعیف و تنبیه بدنی) با میانجی گری همدلی عاطفی و شناختی بر اختلال سلوک دانش آموزان اثر غیر مستقیم دارد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از این پژوهش می توان نتیجه گیری کرد که ارتباط مناسب بین والد و کودک، دستیابی به نمویافتگی عاطفی را در فرد میسر ساخته و توانایی همدلی و رفتار جامعه پسند را در نوجوانان افزایش می دهد.
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