اثربخشی آموزش هوش هیجانی بر مؤلفههای سازگاری اجتماعی دختران نوجوان تکوالدی با مشکلات هیجانی و رفتاری
الموضوعات :فرزانه معتمدی 1 , احمد به پژوه 2 , محسن شکوهی یکتا 3 , غلامعلی افروز 4 , باقر غباری بناب 5
1 - دکتری روانشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 - استاد روانشناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
3 - استاد روانشناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
4 - استاد روانشناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
5 - استاد روانشناسی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: برنامۀ آموزش هوش هیجانی, سازگاری اجتماعی, نوجوانان دختر دارای مشکلات هیجانی و رفتاری, تکوالدی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین تأثیر آموزش هوش هیجانی بر ارتقای سازگاری اجتماعی دختران تکوالدی با مشکلات هیجانی و رفتاری مقطع متوسطه اول شهر تهران بود. این پژوهش در زمرۀ طرحهای شبه تجربی با طرح پیشآزمون، پسآزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش تمامی نوجوانان دختر 13 تا 16 دارای مشکلات هیجانی و رفتاری شهر تهران سال تحصیلی 93-1392 که دارای خانوادههای تکوالدی بودند. گروه نمونه با گزینش هدفمند شامل 28 نفر از آنها که با افت آزمودنیها، 11 آزمودنی در گروه آزمایشی و 12 نفر در گروه کنترل شرکت داشتند. برنامۀ آموزشی در ده جلسۀ دو ساعته و به روش کارگاهی ارائه شد. در این پژوهشپرسشنامۀ نیازسنجی، فهرست بررسی رفتار کودک و فرم خودسنجی نوجوانان (Achenbach & Rascula, 2001) و زیرمقیاس سازگاری اجتماعی از پرسشنامۀ شخصیتی کالیفرنیا (Tiegs, Clark &Thrope, 1941) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. تحلیل دادهها به روش تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره با طرح اندازهگیریهای مکرر نشان داد که بر اثر برنامۀ آموزش هوش هیجانی، سازگاری اجتماعی آزمودنیها افزایش یافته و اثربخشی برنامه تا مرحلۀ پیگیری نیز پایدار بوده است (01/0> P). شرکت در این دورۀ آموزشی، به افزایش سازگاری اجتماعی نوجوانان تکوالدی دارای مشکلات رفتاری و عاطفی منجر شده است؛ بنابراین آموزش مهارتهای هوش هیجانی بهعنوان مهارتهای زیربنایی سلامت روان رویکردی تأثیرگذار در افزایش سازگاری اجتماعی نوجوانان است.
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