The general economic order and its effect on the economic equilibrium of tourism contracts
الموضوعات :Ali Rostami far 1 , Ghassem Mohammadi 2 , Najad Ali Almsi 3 , Yadollah Dadgar 4
1 - Ph.D. student of Private Law, Faculty of Law, Theology & Political,
Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Professor, Faculty of Law and olitical Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
4 - Professor, Faculty of Economics, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية:
ملخص المقالة :
The purpose of this research is to clarify the importance of economic equilibrium of tourismcontracts and prove the importance and relevance of public order to economic equilibrium. Theschool of law and economics is one of the most important schools of law among applied lawsystem. The primary purpose of the economic equilibrium of tourism contracts is to provide andguarantee the interests of parties efficiently and this function should lead to socio-economicefficiently for the whole society. For this purpose, a superior power must be able to guaranteethe economic equilibrium of the tourism contracts and establish a strong executive guarantee toavoid disrupting contracts. In other words, protecting the economic equilibrium of tourismcontracts is the task of an institution called public order and lawyers and economists believe thatthe task of enforcing public order is one of the duties of the state.The results of this study showthat maintaining the economic equilibrium of a ground in order to achieve exchangeable justicein its true sense as well as the main goals of community contracts (contracts in society.) As aresult, it guarantees the effectiveness of the contract in the interest of social interest, and also,the economic equilibrium of the tourism contract must be consistent with socio-economic andlegal criteria and the lack of economic equilibrium will lead to inefficiency of the contract andone of the obvious effects not doing that will be ineffectiveness of the contract and terminationof the contract.
References
Iranpour, Dr. Farhad, Principles and Applications of Economic Analysis in Private
Law, donyaye eqtesad Publications, 2018, p. 25
Hajipour, Morteza Mola'i, The Role of Contract Laws in the Realization of Social
Justice, ((ba qafeleye edalat))(Dr. Katouzian's Memoir, Sotoudeh Publications,
2014, p. 440
Durant, Will. 2006. History of Philosophy, Translated by: Abbas Zaryab, ch. 17,
Tehran, Scientific and Cultural Publications.
Dadgar, Yadu'llah, Introduction to Economic Analysis of Law, Economics Research
Institute of tarbiat modares and noor elm, second edition 2011, p. 14
Montazerzohoor, Mahmoud, Economics (Microeconomics, Macroeconomics), Tehran
University Press, 2002, p. 138
Samir Abdel-Sayyid Tanagho, General Theory of Law, Alexandria, 1993, p. 169 and
following; Hamdi Abdel-Rahman, Introduction to Law, Theory of Law, Cairo,
1981; pp. 55-56, Muhammad Hussein Abdel-Al, previous reference, p. 15 and
following.
Shahidi, Dr. Mehdi, The effects of Contracts and Obligations, Majd Publications, 2003
p. 194
Katouzian, Dr. Nasser, General Theory of Obligations, Mizan Publishing, Second
Edition 2003 2003 p. 20
Katouzian, Dr. Nasser, General Rules of Contracts, Volume I, Sixth Edition,
Publishing Corporation, 2004, p. 147
Abdolhamid Amiri Ghaem Maghami, The Obligations of the Obligations of the
Second Volume (Legal Acts of Formation of Contracts), Mizan Publication, 2013,
p. 57, and also Ansari, same source, p. 238
Al-Masoud, Dravasi, Asiase al-Maliyya and Farahad al-Balasan al-Sadeghadi
Research, Doctoral dissertation, Algeria University School of Economics and
Management, 2005, p. 22
Ramadan Muhammad Abu al-Saud, Principles of Commitment in Egyptian and
Lebanese Law, Dar Al-Jamiah, Beirut 1984 p. 26 and Hammain Hamdi
Muhammad Ismail Salim, restrictions on the principle of the will in civil contracts,
a comparative study of Islamic jurisprudence, University Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'a,
Alexandria, 12, 2007
Nabil Ibrahim Saad, Alvazih in Explaining the Civil Law, The General Theory of
Commitments, (Contracts and Single Will), A Comparative Study of Arabian
Laws, Fourth Edition, Dar Al-Hoda, Algeria, 2009, p. 36
Naseer Rafiq, An Attempt for: Theory of third Legal Behavior, Thesis for a Doctorate
in Science, Specialization in Law, University of Molood Mamari, Tizi vozou 2014,
p. 8
Hayek quotes Ayatollah Udieh Bilkhaiyr Economic Analysis Magazine Ledrasat
Academia Issue 5 March 2015, p. 2
Brigitte Lefebvre, La justice contractuelle : mythe ou réalité, article, Les Cahiers de
droit, vol. 37, n° 1, 1996. P.20.
Carter, I, A Measure of Freedom, Oxford University press.1999.
En matière de contrat, il n y a qu'un seul principe absolu: c'est la justice. La liberté
n'est qu'un moyen en vue du juste; elle ne repose que sur une présomption de
justice ". E. Gounot, Le principe de l'autonomie de la volonté en droit privé,
Contribution à l'étude critique de l'individualisme juridique, Thèse, Dijon, 1912, p.
387.
Gounot, Le principe de l'autonomie de la volonté en droit privé, Contribution à l'étude
critique de l'individualisme juridique, op. cit, p. 27 et s. V aussi. Ranouil,
L'autonomie de la volonté, naissance et évolution d'un concept, thèse, PUF, Paris,
1980
Fin-langer, l'équilibre contractuel, Th, LGDJ 2002, p. 157. n°227.p13.
Gounot, Le principe de l'autonomie de la volonté en droit privé, Contribution à l'étude
critique de l'individualisme juridique, op. cit, p. 27 et s. V aussi. Ranouil,
L'autonomie de la volonté, naissance et évolution d'un concept, thèse, PUF, Paris,
1980
M. Fontaine, La Clause de Hardship, D P C I 1976, T.2, n° 1, p. 7. Et F. Chabas. Les
Clauses de Hardship ", Thèse Montpellier 1981
MORIN (G), La révolte de droit contre le code, La révision nécessaire contre le
concerte juridiques (contrat, responsabilité, propriété ), SIREY, PARIS, 1945, P11
Roemer, J, 1982, A General Theory of Exploration and Class, Harvard University
Press.
Sen, A, 1999, Development as Freedom, Oxford University Press.
Posner, Richard A. (1993a), ‘The New Institutional Economics Meets Law and
Economics’, 149 Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics, 73-87, P.81.
Preston Mcafee, Introduction to Economic Analysis, p. 20(available at: McAfee:
Introduction to Economic Analysis, http://www.introecon.com, July 24, 2006.
Roemer, J, 1982, A General Theory of Exploration and Class, Harvard University
Press.
Terré, Ph. Simler, Y. Lequette, Droit civil, Les Obligations, 6e éd, D. 1999, n° 60, p
55.
Thiberge(L), préface de AYNES Laurent, le contrat face a l’imprévu. Lgdj, Paris,
2014, p176
