آسیب‌شناسی طرح های توسعه‌ی شهری بوشهر از منظر حق به شهر با تاکید بر ضوابط تفکیک اراضی مسکونی
الموضوعات :
غلامرضا مرادی
1
,
احمدرضا خواجه
2
,
پویا حاجی زاده
3
,
مهسا دهقانیان
4
1 - استادیار گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشگاه سلمان فارسی، کازرون، ایران
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری /دانشگاه تربیت مدرس/تهران/ایران
3 - کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی منطقه ای، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: طرح های شهری , طرح جامع و تفصیلی , نظریه حق به شهر لوفور , بوشهر,
ملخص المقالة :
طرح‌های شهری، ابزاری جهت حل مشکلات توسعه شهرنشینی می‌باشد که از برنامه چهارم عمرانی در دستور کار قرار گرفت و با گذشت چند دهه از اجرای این طرح‌ها در ایران، به دلیل کاستی‌ها، موفقیت در زمینه ساماندهی مشکلات شهری دارای ابهام است. شناخت سطحی از زمینه و عدم رعایت نظریه حق به شهر لوفور و بی‌توجهی به اثرات ضابطه‌ای نادرست بر فضای عمومی شهری از جمله معایب این طرح‌ها است. این پژوهش به تبیین رابطه‌ی آن‌ها با نظریه حق به شهر لوفور در شهر بوشهر پرداخته است. روش پژوهش، کاربردی است. شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات، بررسی اسناد کتابخانه‌ای و برداشت‌های میدانی است. شهر بوشهر مرکز استان بوشهر است که طبق سرشماری سال 1395، جمعیت این شهر 223 هزار نفر است و قلمروی جغرافیایی است. در پژوهش حاضر از طریق شبیه‌سازی ضوابط طرح تفصیلی شهر بوشهر، مؤلفه‌هایی همچون سیما و منظر شهری، توده گذاری و نحوه‌ی استقرار ابنیه، سبزینگی، محصوریت، پدافند غیرعامل و ایجاد ظرفیت تخلفات ساختمانی از منظر نظریه حق به شهر لوفور بررسی شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که ضوابط شهر بوشهر باعث ایجاد تعادل و انضباط فضایی و کالبدی نخواهد شد و با عدم مشارکت شهروندان در زمان تهیه طرح و بدون توجه به اثرات آن بر فضای عمومی در نقطه مقابل نظریه حق به شهر لوفور سیر می‌کند و مشکلاتی همچون کاهش سبزینگی محلات، محصوریت زیاد در کوچه‌های کم‌عرض، تأثیر بر جدایی گزینی و توده گذاری بی‌نظم و نامناسب، زمینه‌ساز تخلفات گسترده ساختمانی و بروز موانع در پدافند غیرعامل را در پی دارد.
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