ارزیابی رضایت مندی از شاخص های توانمندسازی سکونتگاه های غیررسمی با تأکید بر مسائل اجتماعی و اقتصادی (نمونه موردی: محله خلیل آباد تبریز)
الموضوعات :
علی اسکوئی ارس
1
(دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
فریدون بابائی اقدم
2
(دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: توانمندسازی, سکونتگاه غیررسمی, امنیت, خلیل آباد تبریز, رضایت مندی,
ملخص المقالة :
آگاهی از شاخص های اقتصادی و اجتماعی توانمندسازی ساکنین سکونتگاه های غیررسمی و همچنین سنجش میزان رضایتمندی از این شاخص ها به منظور تسهیل مشکلات و ارتقاء توانمندی ساکنین این سکونتگاه ها می تواند به عنوان رهیافتی کارگشا و اثربخش قلمداد گردد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، سنجش میزان رضایتمندی ساکنین سکونتگاه غیررسمی خلیل آباد تبریز از شاخص های اقتصادی و اجتماعی توانمندسازی است. روش پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت، توصیفی – تحلیلی بوده که برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از روش پرسشنامه و آزمون های اسپیرمن، تی تک نمونه ای و فریدمن استفاده شده است. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه ای و بررسی میدانی گردآوری شده و حجم نمونه هم طبق فرمول کوکران معادل 379 نفر برآورده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده از تحلیل داده ها و پرسشنامه ها حاکی از آن است که از نظر ساکنان محله خلیل آباد تبریز به لحاظ میزان رضایت مندی در بین مؤلفه های مورد مطالعه، مؤلفه امنیت (2/97) و حمایت از نظام اقتصاد محلی و بازاریابی صنایع کوچک محله ای (1/35) به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین میزان رضایت مندی را داشتند و همچنین به لحاظ اهمیت مؤلفه امنیت (9/58) در رتبه نخست و مؤلفه امید به زندگی (4/94) در رتبه آخر قرار داشتند. یافته های دیگر تحقیق نشان می دهد شاخص های اقتصادی و اجتماعی دارای رابطه معنادار با یکدیگر هستند و در نهایت می توان گفت میزان رضایت مندی ساکنین از هر دو شاخص توانمندسازی پائین تر از حد متوسط می باشد.
Abbasi Liousi, Z, Amanpour, S, Safaeipour Amanpour, M. (2015), Strategic Planning to Empower Informal Settlements Case Study: Payam-e-Noor Town, Dezful, Sustainable City Quarterly, 1(4): 95 (In persian).
Aminzadeh, S. (2017), Study of the causes of the formation of informal settlements and provide optimal solutions for its organization (Case study: Aliabad Boukan neighborhood), Master Thesis, Geography and Program Urban Planning, Maragheh University, Pp: 23 (In persian).
Amir Gilki, M. (2019), Development of a community-oriented empowerment model in line with the indicators of a creative city in informal settlements (case example: Mashhad's Targeh neighborhood), master's thesis, urban engineering, Binaloud Higher Education Institution (In persian).
Asghari Zamani, A, Zadoli Khajeh, S. (2022), Empowerment model of informal settlements based on participation and facilitation approach (Case study: Tabriz metropolis), Geographical Analysis of Space, 12(1): 135-150 (In persian).
Babaei Eliasi, M, Pirian Kalat, O, Pilevar, A.A, Zare Yerji, M. (2022). Feasibility and empowerment of informal settlements based on subjective perception in Zorabad neighborhood of Shahrlushan. Development of peri-urban spaces, 4(1): 67-86 (In persian).
Bandauko, E, Kwasi Kutor, S, Nutifafa Arku, R, (2022), Trapped or not trapped? An empirical investigation into the lived experiences of the urban poor in Harare’s selected informal settlements, African Geographical Review: 1-20.
Dadashpour, H, Hosseinabadi, S, Portaheri, M. (2012), Analysis of the role of residents' empowerment in the physical-environmental improvement of informal settlements (case study: East Kal Eidgah area of Sabzevar), Geography and Planning Research, 16(41): 101 (In persian).
Eskandarian, G, Firouzabadi, S.A. (2019), Analysis of the role and importance of the empowerment approach in dealing with informal settlements from the point of view of experts and professionals, Urban and Regional Development Planning Quarterly, 4(11): 60 (In persian).
Faraji, A. (2017), Measuring Satisfaction with Quality of Life in Informal Settlements, Case Study: Bojnourd City, journals of urban ecology research, 8(2): 97 [In Persian].
Ghorbani, R, Kharazmi, O.A, Turkmennia, N. (2019), Analysis of the impact of socio-economic factors on the formation and expansion of informal settlements in Mashhad, Human Geography Research, 51(2): 375 (In persian).
Grossi, M.H. (2017), Study of theories of empowerment of informal settlements with a socio-economic approach, The First International Congress of Interdisciplinary Sciences in Urban Planning and Architecture, Tabriz, Iran, Pp: 1 (In persian).
Habibi, M. (2001), Spontaneous biological center, an emerging phenomenon in metropolitan areas, Municipalities Monthly (In persian).
Hakimi, H, Sadlonia, H, Mirzaei, A. (2018), Feasibility study of implementing the empowerment strategy in organizing informal settlements in Iran, Scientific Journal of Development Strategy, 14(56):135-163 (In persian).
Hatami Nejad, H. (2003), Informal Housing in the World, Municipalities Monthly, 50(50):149 (In persian).
Jahanbin, R, Babaei Aghdam, F, Roustaei, S, Asghari Zamani, A. (2020), Analysis and Measurement of Economic Factors Affecting Women's Empowerment in Lower Urban Areas (Case Study: Informal Settlements in Ilam), Human Geography Research, 52(1): 304-308. (In persian).
Kalantari, K. (2008), Data processing and analysis in socio-economic research, Tehran, Farhang Saba, Pp: 150 (In persian).
Kayani Salmi, S, Shatrian, M, Safari, H. (2020), Identification of Facilitating Factors to Empower the Marginal Neighborhoods of Isfahan City (Case Study: Ashiq Abad Neighborhood), Urban Planning Geography Research, 8(1):162-175 (In persian).
Khairuddin, R, Salahi Moghadam, A. (2021), Empowerment of informal settlements by moving from needs-based approach to asset-based approach (case study: Farahzad neighborhood of Tehran), Urban and Regional Development Planning Quarterly, 6(17): 58-29 (In persian).
Khanmohammadi, E, Sarwar, R, Astelaji, A. (2021), Foresight of informal settlement developments in the southern area of Tehran metropolitan area, New Perspectives in Human Geography Quarterly, 12(3):150 (In persian).
Khazaei, Z, Ziviar, P. (2012), Sociol-economic and physical evaluation of informal settlements (Case study: Ahwaz metropolitan tourist dormitory), Land Geographical Quarterly, 9(33), Pp: 94 (In persian).
Nazarnia, A, Zare, L, Daulatabadi, F. (2021), The incremental housing as a strategy in upgrading housing in informal settlements (Case Study: Chabahar city), Urban Studies, 10(38): 78 (In persian).
Ntema, J. (2021), Relocation and Informal Settlements Upgrading in South Africa: The Case Study of Mangaung Township, Free State Province, Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements; Housing and SDGs in Urban Africa, Springer Singapore, Pp: 177-192.
Maleki, S, Amanpour, S, Zadoli Khajeh, S. (2017), Spatial organization and expansion of informal settlements in the metropolis of Tabriz, Geographical Research of Urban Planning, 5(1): 94-93 (In persian).
Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, (2003), Empowerment Document and Organization of Informal Housing, approved by the Cabinet, Urban Development and Improvement Organization, Secretariat of the National Headquarters for Empowerment of Informal Settlements, Pp: 1 (In persian).
Mousavi, M, Bayramzadeh, N, Omidfar, S, Kamelnia, R. (2021). Assessing the livability level in informal settlements (case study: Falahat neighborhood, Urmia city). Urban social geography, 8(2): 206 (In persian).
Mousavipour, Seyedah Marzieh, (2017), Empowerment of informal settlements in the suburbs of Torbat Heydarieh with an emphasis on economic and social issues, Master's thesis, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Housing Planning, Payam Noor University, Mashhad Center (In persian).
Oskouee Aras, A, (2022), Investigating the structural characteristics of informal settlements (case study: Tabriz's Akhmaqiya neighborhood), Urban and Regional Development Planning Quarterly, 7(20): 90 (In persian).
Oskouee Aras, A, Hakimi, H. (2020), Assessing the sense of spatial belonging of residents of informal settlements Case study: Hakmabad neighborhood of Tabriz, Urban Development Studies, 4(12): 23 (In persian).
Oskouee Aras, A, Hakimi, H. (2021), Measurement of Urban Vitality Indicators in Informal Settlements (Case Study: Tabriz Seilab Qoshkhane), Urban Planning Geographical Research, 9(1); 146 (In persian).
Piri, Issa, Rezaian, Mehdi, (2014), The feasibility of empowering informal settlements based on property policies based on the development of local communities, Urban Studies, 3 (10): 68 (In persian).
Pourmohammadi, M.R, Mirzaei, A., Hakimi, H., (2019), Measuring the satisfaction of residents of informal settlements with the services provided by urban management (Case study: Pasdaran neighborhood of Tabriz), Human Settlement Planning Studies, 14(3): 590 (In persian).
Rostamzadeh, Marzieh, (2018), planning to empower and organize informal settlements, a case study of Bandar Abbas city, Ayatollah Ghaffari neighborhood, Master's thesis, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Urban Improvement, and Modernization, Payam Noor Center University Rezvanshahr (In persian).
Sahmpour, Hassan, Marufnejad, Abbas, (2021), Analyzing the level of satisfaction of residents of informal settlements using the KEDAS model (case example: Imam Khomeini's Bandar city), Geography and Environmental Studies, 10 (40): 31 (In persian).
Sekhani, R, Mohan, D, Mistry, J, Singh, A, Mittal, V. (2022), Examining the informality in urban informal settlements – Evidence from Kapashera”, Cities, 123: 103591-103599.
Saed, N. (2017), "Assessing the sense of spatial belonging in the inhabitants of informal settlements of Tabriz metropolis Case study: Khalilabad neighborhood", Master Thesis, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran, Pp:6 (In persian).
Sarrafi, M. (2010), An issue called informal housing; A solution called empowerment, Municipalities Monthly, Pp:6 (In persian).
Sheikhi, M.T, (2001), Urban Sociology, Anteshar Co (In persian).
Statistical blocks of Tabriz, (2023) (In persian).
UN-Habitat (2003). Slums of the World: The face of urban poverty in the new millennium. available from:unhabitat.org/pmss/listItemDetails.aspx?publicationID=1124, HS Number HS/692/03E, (Updated on: 8.2013).
UN-Habitat (2015). Issue paper on informal settlements. United Nations Conference on Housing and Urban Development (Habitat III). Quito, Ecuador.
UN-Habitat. (2020). COVID-19 in african cities: “Impacts, responses and policies
recommendations”. from https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/06/covi
d-19_in_african_cities_impacts_responses_and_policies2.pdf.
UN-Habitat (2020). World Cities Report. The value of sustainable urbanization. UN-Habitat.
United-Nations (2019). World urbanization prospects 2018. New York, NY, USA: United Nations.
University of Buffalo Global Health Equity. (2019). Strategies for improving informal
settlements.http://www.buffalo.edu/content/www/globalhealthequity/Resources/
policy-briefs/issue-2–strategies-for-improving-informal-settlements/_jcr_content/
par/download/file.res/02_Final_Policy%20Brief_Smith_NCL.pdf.
Venter, A, Marais, L, Morgan, H. (2019), Informal Settlement Upgrading in South Africa: A Preliminary Regenerative Perspective, Sustainability, 11(2685): 1-15.
Zali, N, Pourfathi, J. (2012), Analysis of economic, social, physical status of the suburbs of Ahar, Urban and Regional Planning Studies and Research, 14(15): 95 (In persian).
Zanganeh, M, Safaei, M.J, Samiei, M. (2019), Research on the empowerment approach to organizing informal settlements (case study: the city of Torbat Heydariyeh), Geography Quarterly, 17(62): 193 (In persian).
Zangiabadi, A, Mobaraki, O. (2012), Study of factors affecting the formation of suburbs of Tabriz and its consequences (Case study: Ahmadabad neighborhoods, Beheshti alley, Khalilabad), Geography and Program Environmental Planning, 23(1): 68-80. (In persian).
Zeynab, S. (2020). Empowering informal settlements around metropolises (Case study: District 19 of Tehran, Iran). Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 10 (2): 156-164.
