تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تاب آوری تکاملی شهری در برابر زلزله ، موردپژوهش: شهر زنجان
الموضوعات :بهناز عباداله زاده ملکی 1 , زهراسادات سعیده زرآبادی 2 , سعید پیری 3 , محمدرضا فرزادبهتاش 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: زلزله, شهر زنجان, تحلیل تفسیری-ساختاری پارامتری, تابآوری تکاملی,
ملخص المقالة :
مروری بر تجارب بلایای طبیعی از جمله زلزله نشان میدهد که زلزله بهخودیخود باعث تخریب نمیشود بلکه این انسانها هستند که میزان آسیب وارده توسط زلزله را مشخص میکنند. با توجه به عدم کارایی رویکردهای مبتنی بر آسیبپذیری در زمان پس از زلزله، دیدگاههای جدید بر رویکرد تابآوری تکاملی تأکید دارند؛ اما مسئله تعدد شاخصها با روابط پیچیده و در نتیجه دشوار بودن فرایند ارزیابی آن است که لزوم استفاده از مدلهای متناسب را ضروری میسازد. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی و به تحلیل روابط علی و معلولی بین شاخص های تاب آوری تکاملی شهری در برابر زلزله در شهر زنجان، با توجه به موقعیت این شهر نسبت به گسل های اطراف آن پرداخته است تا عوامل کلیدی و تأثیرگذار در تاب آوری این شهر مشخص گردد. بدین منظور، پس از بررسی متون و استخراج شاخص ها ابتدا با استفاده از روش دلفی دو مرحلهای از طریق نمونهگیریهای هدفمند و متوالی، 27 پرسشنامه در قالب ماتریس 40*40 توسط مدیران و کارشناسان شهرداری زنجان تکمیل گردید و در ادامه با استفاده از تحلیل تفسیری ساختاری پارامتری با استفاده از نرمافزار میک مک، روابط علی و معلولی و عوامل کلیدی مؤثر بر تابآوری شهری شناسایی شد. یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهد که شاخصهای مرتبط با عوامل نهادی و شبکه ارتباطی بهعنوان شاخصهای تأثیرگذار و کلیدی در تاب آوری شهر زنجان عمل میکنند و میتوان با ارتقای وضعیت این دسته از شاخصها به علت تأثیرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم آنها بر سایر شاخصها در شبکه روابط علی- معلولی میزان نهایی تابآوری را بهبود بخشید.
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